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All Journal Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Jovita Jutamulia
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Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Exploring the Impact of Low-Concentration Atropine Eye Drops on the Progression of Myopia: A Systematic Review: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - General practitioner Stella Nathania; Gabriella Hafidha Badruddin; Jovita Jutamulia
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/e6r6ya10

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Low-concentration atropine eye drops have emerged as a promising therapy for the management of myopia. However, the effectiveness of atropine for myopia has not been widely studied. This paper aims to analyze the efficacy of low-concentration atropine eye drops for progression of myopia. Methods : A comprehensive literature search was performed on 3 online databases: PubMed, Cochrane, and ProQuest. We used 'Low-concentration atropine eye drops’, ‘Atropine’, ‘Eye Drops’, ‘Myopia’, and their MeSH terms as keywords. All studies included in analysis were available in English and full text format. We analyzed children myopia progression rates from all studies. We used Rayyan, an online-based tool, to conduct the screening process. Results : Three randomized control trials (RCTs), two cohort studies, and three case report studies with a total of 1389 participants were analyzed. Most studies were done in Asia, except one RCT in Australia. The participants range from 4-12 years old. Atropine eye drops concentrations that had been used were 0,01%, 0,025%, 0,05%, 0,1%, 0,125%, and 0,2%. All studies showed slower progression rate of myopia compared to the control group (-0,31 D vs -0,90 D; -0,05 D vs -1,05 D; -0,27 D vs -0,81 D; -0,28 D vs -0,54 D; -0,18 D vs -0,45 D;−0.31 D vs −0.76 D; -0.91 vs -1.00 D; -0,38D vs -0,55 D) with P < 0,05, except one study P = 0,94. Conclusion : Low-concentration atropine eye drops have shown promising effects in slowing progression of myopia. However, further research is needed, particularly in non-Asian countries.
Semaglutide and the Risk of Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischaemic Optic Neuropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Jovita Jutamulia; Elfira Sutanto
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v6i2.884

Abstract

Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), has emerged as an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity management. However, recent pharmacovigilance and observational studies have raised concerns regarding a potential association between semaglutide use and non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION), a serious form of optic neuropathy causing sudden vision loss. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies examining the association between semaglutide exposure and NAION risk. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar without date restrictions, with the final search completed on 31 March 2026. Study selection was based on predefined inclusion criteria, and quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). A random-effects model was used to estimate pooled hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was quantified using the I² statistic. Publication bias was examined using funnel plots and Egger’s regression test. Six observational studies comprising 699,141 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, semaglutide was associated with a significantly increased risk of NAION (pooled HR 1.802; 95% CI 1.221–2.658; p = 0.003). Substantial heterogeneity was observed (I² = 72.8%, Q = 18.37, p = 0.003). Subgroup analyses revealed that the positive association was driven by four prospective cohort studies reporting elevated NAION risk (HR = 2.402; 95% CI 1.662–3.468), whereas two retrospective studies reported null associations (HR = 0.98; 95% CI 0.60–1.60). Sensitivity analyses demonstrated robustness of the primary finding. In conclusion, this meta-analysis provides evidence of a potential increased risk of NAION associated with semaglutide use in observational studies, particularly among individuals with type 2 diabetes and obesity. Clinical awareness of this signal is warranted, and further prospective investigation is recommended.
Co-Authors Elfira Sutanto gabriella Hafidha Badruddin Stella Nathania