Hartono
Universitas PGRI Semarang

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Hypothetical Learning Trajectory pada Materi Peluang: Konteks Mainan Tradisional Ular Naga Dina Lita Sari; Devi Asfira Fitriani; Denti Zaedatul Khaeriyah; Hartono; Farida Nursyahidah
Mosharafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Vol. 11 No. 2 (2022): Mei
Publisher : Department of Mathematics Education Program IPI Garut

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31980/mosharafa.v11i2.699

Abstract

Siswa masih mengalami kesulitan belajar materi peluang, diantaranya sulit memahami konsep peluang, salah dalam menggunakan rumus peluang, dan kurangnya motivasi dalam belajar materi peluang. Desain pembelajaran dengan konteks pembelajaran yang tepat dapat menjadi solusi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendesain pembelajaran materi peluang menggunakan konteks permainan ular naga. Metode penelitian yaitu design research dengan 3 tahapan yaitu: tahap persiapan, eksperimen desain dan analisis retrospektif. Tahap persiapan memberikan penjelasan mengenai persiapan sebelum uji coba HLT pada tahap ekperimen desain. Penelitian ini melibatkan 6 siswa kelas VIII MTs NU Mftahul Ulum Margasari dan 1 guru pengampu matematika. Penelitian ini merumuskan HLT yang terdiri dari 4 aktivitas pembelajaran siswa, yaitu: (1) Menonton video permainan ular naga, untuk mengidentifikasi banyaknya kejadian dan banyaknya eksperimen dan menentukan rumus peluang empirik, (2) menentukan rumus peluang teoritik, (3) menentukan ruang sampel, titik sampel, dan rumus frekuensi harapan, (4) menyelesaikan masalah kontekstual berkaitan materi peluang. Students still have difficulty learning opportunity material, including difficulty understanding the concept of opportunity, incorrectly using the probability formula, and lack of motivation in learning opportunity material. Learning design with the right learning context can be a solution. This study aims to design learning opportunities material using the context of the dragon game. The research method is design research with 3 stages, namely: preparation stage, experimental design, and retrospective analysis. The preparation stage explains the preparation before the HLT trial at the design experiment stage. This study involved 6 students of class VIII MTs NU Miftahul Ulum Margasari and 1 teacher of mathematics. This study formulates the HLT which consists of 4 student learning activities, namely: Watching a video game of dragon snakes, identifying the number of events and the number of experiments and determining the empirical probability formula, determining the theoretical probability formula, determining the sample space, sample point, and expected frequency formula, solve contextual problems related to probability material.
Penerapan Manpower Planning dalam Pembiayaan Pendidikan untuk Mengatasi Pengangguran Hartono; Sri Wahyuni; Nurkolis Nurkolis
Khatulistiwa: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): September : Khatulistiwa: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora
Publisher : Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/khatulistiwa.v5i3.6719

Abstract

Unemployment among high school and university graduates in Indonesia remains a structural problem. One of the main causes is the mismatch between the education system and labor market needs. This article aims to explain the application of manpower planning in educational financing as a strategy to address the gap. This research uses a descriptive-qualitative approach through literature study and policy review. The analysis focuses on the implementation of manpower planning, including labor demand projections, competency-based curriculum development, and reorientation of educational funding policies toward priority sectors. The findings show that manpower planning can align educational outputs with labor market needs, improve education budget efficiency, and reduce educated unemployment. In conclusion, implementing manpower planning in education financing is a strategic step that policymakers must adopt to develop a more adaptive and productive education system.