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An Inkjet-printed Graphene Oxide–poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrene sulfonate) Electrode for Nitrite Detection in Water Putra, Budi Riza; Anindya, Weni; Rafi, Mohamad; Kartika, Ika; Thaha, Yudi Nugraha; Ridhova, Aga; Wahyuni, Wulan Tri
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 27, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

In this study, a screen-printed electrode (SPE) for nitrite (NO2−) sensing was fabricated through an inkjet printing technique using a commercial printer machine and preparing an ink composite solution containing graphene oxide (GO) and poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as conductive materials. The optimum ink materials for SPE fabrication comprised GO and PEDOT:PSS with binders that resemble the viscosity of commercial ink. The surface topography of the fabricated SPE, which was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, showed a smoother surface compared to the commercial screen-printed carbon electrode, with conductive ink materials deposited primarily from GO/PEDOT:PSS composites. This NO2− sensor exhibited a linear response at the concentration range of 50–1000 µM, with limit of detection and limit of quantification as 25 and 50 µM, respectively. In addition, the stability, reproducibility, and selectivity of this sensor presented acceptable values in the analytical range. Furthermore, the performance of this sensor was compared with that of a spectrophotometry technique using synthetic water samples, and the results revealed its good analytical recovery at a confidence interval of 95%. Thus, our sensor based on SPE-modified GO/PEDOT:PSS, fabricated via the inkjet printing technique, can be potentially applied in monitoring NO2− concentration in real samples.

PENGARUH VARIASI WAKTU TERHADAP PERMUKAAN MAGNESIUM AZ31 PADA PROSES ELECTROPHORETIC DEPOSITION (EPD) Syahiddah, Amalia; Elvira, Bunga Rani; Thaha, Yudi Nugraha; Budi, Esmar; Erryani, Aprilia
PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL FISIKA (E-JOURNAL) Vol. 12 (2024): PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL FISIKA (E-JOURNAL) SNF2023
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika dan Program Studi Fisika Universitas Negeri Jakarta, LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta, HFI Jakarta, HFI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/03.1201.FA32

Abstrak Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) banyak digunakan sebagai metode pelapisan karena memiliki nilai efisiensi yang tinggi. Parameter yang berpengaruh terhadap hasil EPD terdiri atas dua bagian yaitu suspensi dan sistem kelistrikan. Teknik EPD dikembangkan untuk membuat laminat, lapisan tipis dan coating, (FGMs), dan keramik bertekstur. Bidang aplikasi EPD relatif luas salah satunya material untuk implantasi. Studi ini menginvestigasi EPD untuk pelapisan zircon pada material paduan MgAZ31. Penelitian diawali dengan preparasi sampel MgAZ31 dan dilanjutkan proses EPD. Karakterisasi sistem suspensi meliputi identifikasi morfologi permukaan dengan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), pengujian ketebalan lapisan, dan nilai kekerasan. Pemrosesan dengan EPD dilakukan pada elektroda seluas 1 cm2, dengan jarak 2 cm dan arus sebesar 1 mA dengan variasi waktu selama 35, 45, dan 55 menit. Setelah dilakukan pelapisan, sampel di keringkan pada suhu ruang. Selanjutnya sampel diamati dengan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Berdasarkan pengamatan, lapisan yang paling rapat dihasilkan dari proses EPD dengan waktu proses selama 55 menit. Waktu merupakan salah satu parameter proses EPD yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap morfologi maupun sifat mekanik suatu material. Dimana semakin lama proses coating maka semakin tebal lapisan oksida yang terbentuk. Kata-kata kunci: MgAZ31, Electrophoretic deposition, Lapisan Oksida, waktu coating. Abstract Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) is widely used as a coating method because it has a high efficiency value. The parameters that affect the results of the EPD consist of two parts, namely the suspension and the electrical system. The EPD technique was developed to make laminates, films and coatings, (FGMs), and textured ceramics. The field of application of EPD is relatively broad, one of which is material for implantation. This study investigates EPD for zircon coating on MgAZ31 alloy material. The study began with the preparation of the MgAZ31 sample and continued with the EPD process. The characterization of the suspension system includes identification of surface morphology with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), testing of coating thickness, and hardness values. Processing with EPD was carried out on electrodes with an area of 1 cm2, with a distance of 2 cm and a current of 1 mA with variations of time for 35, 45 and 55 minutes. After coating, the samples were dried at room temperature. Then the samples were observed with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Based on observations, the most dense layers were produced from the EPD process with a processing time of 55 minutes. Time is one of the EPD process parameters which greatly influences the morphology and mechanical properties of a material. Where the longer the coating process, the thicker the oxide layer formed. Keywords: MgAZ31, Electrophoretic deposition, Oxide coating, coating time

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN JENIS KERAMIK OKSIDA TERHADAP MORFOLOGI DAN KEKERASAN MAGNESIUM AZ31 DENGAN PROSES ELECTROPHORETIC DEPOSITION (EPD) Nurbaiti, Syifa Ranggayoni; Elvira, Bunga Rani; Budi, Esmar; Thaha, Yudi Nugraha; Erryani, Aprilia
PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL FISIKA (E-JOURNAL) Vol. 12 (2024): PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL FISIKA (E-JOURNAL) SNF2023
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika dan Program Studi Fisika Universitas Negeri Jakarta, LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta, HFI Jakarta, HFI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/03.1201.FA33

Abstrak Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) selama 30 menit dengan suhu ruang pada subtrat Magnesium AZ31 dengan arus 1A dan ektroda yang digunakan yaitu Platina (pt). Variasi kandungan keramik oksida yang digunakan sebagai pelapis yaitu x= (ZrO2); (ZrO2-Na2O7Si3); (ZrO2-Na2O7Si3-Al2O3). Karakterisasi dilakukan menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) terlihat permukaan Mg AZ31 menunjukkan perubahan morfologi dengan ukuran aglomerat yang semakin besar seiring dengan bertambahnya jenis oksida yang ditambahkan. Uji Electron Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy menunjukkan massa Mg yang terdeteksi paling sedikit 66,4246 yaitu pada pelapis ZrO2. Mg AZ31 dengan senyawa ZrO2-Na2O7Si3-Al2O3 memiliki ketebalan yang paling tebal dengan rata rata ketebalan 19,92 . Lalu hasil dari uji kekerasan menunjukkan sampel mengalami kerapuhan seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah keramik oksida yang ditambahkan. Kata-kata kunci: Deposisi Elektroforetik, Keramik oksida, Magnesium, Morfologi lapisan, kekerasan. Abstract This research was conducted using the Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) method for 30 minutes at room temperature on a Magnesium AZ31 substrate with a current of 1A and the electrode used was Platinum (pt). Variations in the content of ceramic oxide used as a coating are x= (ZrO2); (ZrO2-Na2O7Si3); (ZrO2-Na2O7Si3-Al2O3). Furthermore, characterization was carried out using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and it was seen that the surface of Mg AZ31 showed morphological changes with increasing agglomerate sizes as the type of oxide added increased. Electron Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy test showed that the Mg mass detected was at least 66.4246, namely on the ZrO2 coating. Mg AZ31 with ZrO2-Na2O7Si3-Al2O3 compounds had the thickest thickness with an average thickness of 19.92 . Then the results of the hardness test showed that the samples experienced brittleness as the amount of ceramic oxide added increased. Keywords: Electrophoretic Deposition, Oxide ceramic, Magnesium, Coating morphology, Hardness.

VARIASI RAPAT ARUS TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK DAN MORFOLOGI LAPISAN MAGNESIUM AZ31 DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE ELECTROPHORETIC DEPOSITION (EPD) Mujahidah, Hafsah; Elvira, Bunga Rani; Budi, Esmar; Thaha, Yudi Nugraha; Erryani, Aprilia
PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL FISIKA (E-JOURNAL) Vol. 12 (2024): PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL FISIKA (E-JOURNAL) SNF2023
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika dan Program Studi Fisika Universitas Negeri Jakarta, LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta, HFI Jakarta, HFI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/03.1201.FA34

Abstrak Magnesium AZ31 adalah paduan magnesium yang memiliki kekuatan mekanik tinggi dan densitas rendah.Namun, Magnesium AZ31 mudah terkorosi dan perlu dilapisi dengan lapisan pelindung untuk mengingkatkan ketahanannya terhadap korosi. Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) adalah metode koloid dimana partikel bermuatan dalam suspensi dikenakan elektroforesis untuk mencapai deposisi permukaan padat pada elektroda. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti melakukan perlakuan variasi rapat arus 0.005 A/mm2, 0.0075 A/mm2, dan 0.01 A/mm2 dengan suspensi yang digunakan adalah ZrO₂. Semakin tinggi rapat arus yang diberikan akan meningkatkan sifat mekanik. Morfologi yang dihasilkan menunjukkan adanya retakan dan persebaran butir yang menjadikan pembentukan gumpalan serta didukung dengan hasil mapping mendapatkan persebaran unsur Mg, O, Na, Si, Al, K, Zr, dan Zn. Nilai kekerasan linear dengan bertambahnya rapat arus yang diberikan 0,005 A/mm², 0,0075 A/mm², dan 0,001 A/mm² berturut-turut menghasilkan 119,42 HV, 121,56 HV, dan 137,88 HV sehingga membuktikan bahwa hasil pelapisan berhasil dilakukan dan juga ditandai dengan adanya kandungan unsur logam Mg, Zr serta ZrO. Kata-kata kunci: Magnesium AZ31, Elektrophoretic Deposition (EPD), Rapat Arus. Abstract Magnesium AZ31 is a magnesium alloy that has high mechanical strength and low density. However, Magnesium AZ31 is easily corroded and needs to be coated with a protective layer to improve its corrosion resistance. Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) is a colloidal method where charged particles in suspension are subjected to electrophoresis to achieve solid surface deposition on electrodes. In this study, researchers treated variations in current density of 0.005 A/mm2, 0.0075 A/mm2, and 0.01 A/mm2 with the suspension used is ZrO₂. The higher the current density given will improve mechanical properties. The resulting morphology shows the presence of cracks and grain distribution which makes the formation of clumps and is supported by the results of mapping getting the distribution of elements Mg, O, Na, Si, Al, K, Zr, and Zn.The linear hardness values with increasing current density were given 0,005 A/mm², 0,0075 A/mm², and 0,001 A/mm² respectively resulting in 119,42 HV, 121,56 HV, and 137,88 HV thus proving that the coating result were successfull and also characterized by the presence of metal elements Mg, Zr and ZrO. Keywords: Magnesium AZ31, Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD), Current Density.

ANODIZING-ELECTRODEPOSITION HYBRID COATING BY USING ELECTROLITE SOLUTION AND ZIRCONIUM OXIDE ON THE SURFACE MAGNESIUM AZ31B Erryani, Aprilia; Elvira, Bunga Rani; Nurbaiti, Syifa Ranggoyani; Syahiddah, Amalia; Mujahidah, Hafsah; Thaha, Yudi Nugraha; Budi, Esmar
Metalurgi Vol 37, No 3 (2022): Metalurgi Vol. 37 No. 3 Desember 2022
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)

In this study, sodium silicate was synthesized and the characterization of zirconia which was used as a suspension solution for the anodization and electrodeposition processes. The results of the synthesis using FTIR showed the success of making Na2SiO3 with the appearance of absorption from functional groups such as: silanol (Si-OH) and siloxane (Si-O-Si) groups. From the SEM data, it is known that each batch contains elements of oxygen, sodium and silicon, this indicates that Na2SiO3 was successfully synthesized without any detectable impurities. Calcination results using SEM showed that each batch was dominated by zircon elements, but the highest zircon content in batch 3 was 88.81%. XRD data shows that ZrO2 (Monoclinic) dominates, in batch 1 and batch 3 there is Cl2 from ZrOCl. Therefore, the ZrO2 used without the calcination process is in batch 3. Anodizing and Electrodeposition processes are carried out in 3 ways, namely: a. Anodizing, b. Two steps (Anodizing-Electrodeposition, c. One step hybrid (Anodizing and Electrodeposition) with the addition of Al2O3 and Na2O7SiO3 elements to the electrolyte. The surface of magnesium after being coated looks pale white line. SEM data shows that all three methods are coated and contain elements of O, Na, Mg, Zr, Si, K, and in method c. Al is found. The three samples also showed that the sanding process was not optimal and the Zr particles were not evenly distributed on the surface.

Self-Healing Behavior of Hydrothermally Engineered HAp/PAA Coatings on Magnesium Alloy WE43 Erryani, Aprilia; Rokhmanto, Fendy; Setyawan, Albertus Deny Heri; Thaha, Yudi Nugraha; Zakiyuddin, Ahmad; Kartika, Ika; Harjanto, Sri
Metalurgi Vol 39, No 3 (2024): Metalurgi Vol. 39 No. 3 2024
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/metalurgi.2024.780

This work examines the self-healing properties and corrosion prevention mechanisms of hydrothermally synthesized HAp/PAA (hydroxyapatite/polyacrylic acid) composite coatings on magnesium alloy WE43. The coatings were produced with different PAA concentrations (0.15, 0.3, and 0.5 wt.%) by a hydrothermal method at 140 °C for 3 hours. The composite layers were analyzed using FTIR (fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), and EIS (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) to assess their structural and electrochemical properties, as well as their self-healing capabilities via a scratch–immersion test in Hank’s solution at 37 °C for 48 hours. FTIR analysis confirmed the simultaneous presence of HAp and PAA phases without any chemical reaction, indicating physical contact through hydrogen bonding. The elevation of PAA concentration markedly affected coating morphology, resulting in denser and more uniform structures characterized by spherical HAp crystals at 0.5 wt.% PAA. SEM analysis following scratching and immersion demonstrated that the 0.5 wt.% PAA coating successfully preserved surface integrity and displayed partial restoration of the injured region via the reprecipitation of Ca–P compounds. The EIS findings indicated that the 0.5 wt.% PAA coating maintained the maximum impedance modulus (>10⁴ Ω·cm²) and a steady phase angle after 48 hours of immersion, therefore affirming its exceptional corrosion resistance and self-healing properties. The results demonstrate that an ideal PAA content fosters a dense, ion-responsive hybrid layer that effectively reinstates barrier characteristics following mechanical impairment. The hydrothermally produced 0.5 wt.% HAp/PAA coating offers an efficient self-healing and corrosion-resistant surface for WE43 magnesium alloy, indicating significant potential for use in next-generation biodegradable implant systems.

Corrosion Behavior of Equiatomic Bio-High Entropy Alloys CoCrMoMnNb Fabricated in Multiple Remelting Processes Rokhmanto, Fendy; Erryani, Aprilia; Setyawan, Albertus Deny Heri; Thaha, Yudi Nugraha; Zakiyuddin, Ahmad; Kartika, Ika; Harjanto, Sri
Metalurgi Vol 39, No 3 (2024): Metalurgi Vol. 39 No. 3 2024
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/metalurgi.2024.782

High-entropy alloys are described as equiatomic alloys of more than five elements or materials with five or more element constituents with a high mixing entropy (ΔSmix ≥ 1.5R), where the composition of the element is 5–35%, respectively. One application of HEA (high entropy alloys) materials is in the orthopedic field, where they are developed as biomaterials. Behavior, the correlation between the elemental distribution, and the microstructure of the material were investigated during multiple remelting processes known as Bio-HEAs. The development of Bio-HEAs is exciting in terms of design material, fabrication, and their properties. In this paper, the corrosion behavior and the correlation of the elemental distribution and the microstructure of the material were investigated during the multiple remelting process. The equiatomic CoCrMoMnNb was prepared in vacuum arc melting under an argon atmosphere and melted in a water-cooled copper mold. The total amount of ingot was approximately 25 grams, then flipped and remelted several times, 4, 8, and 12 cycles. The final composition of the alloys was confirmed by EDX (energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy). The microstructure was investigated with an optical microscope and the SEM (scanning electron microscope). The corrosion parameter occurred in Hank’s solution at 37°C, at a scan rate of 1 mV/s. The CCM-MnNb fabricated with 8 cycles of the remelting process exhibits the lowest corrosion rate (0.0038 mmpy) and donor densities (2.67 × 10¹⁹ cm⁻³), while the charge transfer resistance number is the highest (18250.94 Ω cm⁻²). The outstanding corrosion resistance of the alloys is induced by the presence of the finer dendrites and the chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃) protective layer on the alloy's surface.

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