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Kusuma Wijaya
English Literature Department, Universitas Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya, Indonesia

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The Vitality of Animal Symbolism in Bajangratu Temple Angelina Merici Wua Reku; Laura Ika Angelina Arfina Putri; Happy Julia Rahmadianti; Kusuma Wijaya; Rommel Utungga Pasopati
RUMI: Rumah Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): RUMI (Rumah Ilmiah Jurnal Multidisiplin) (April)
Publisher : RUMI: Rumah Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin

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This study examines animal symbolism in the reliefs and ornaments of Bajangratu Temple in Trowulan, Mojokerto. The research aims to identify the animals depicted on the temple, interpret their symbolic meanings within Hindu belief systems, and analyze them using Motte-Florac’s (2007) theory of animal symbolism. Data were collected through direct observation at the site and interviews with cultural experts and temple caretakers. The findings show that the animals represented in Bajangratu Temple serve purposes beyond decoration. They function as symbolic elements that express religious values, moral teachings, and messages of political legitimacy. In conclusion, through these animal symbols, the temple reflects the worldview of the community that built and preserved it, highlighting the cultural significance of animal imagery.
Underscoring Critical Thinking of Space in Travel Writing Nasywa Nuzula Ramadhani; Happy Julia Rahmadianti; Novanda Lukwita Hakim; Rommel Utungga Pasopati; Kusuma Wijaya; Anicleta Yuliastuti
RUMI: Rumah Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): RUMI (Rumah Ilmiah Jurnal Multidisiplin) (April)
Publisher : RUMI: Rumah Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin

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This study examines the role of “space” in travel writing, emphasizing how spatial representation functions not merely as descriptive background but as a critical and constructed element within narrative discourse. While travel writing has long been associated with exploration and cultural encounter, there remains a significant lack of critical engagement with how space is produced, interpreted, and mediated through language. Drawing on spatial theory, particularly the works of Henri Lefebvre and Michel Foucault, alongside postcolonial insights from Edward Said, this study employs qualitative textual analysis to investigate selected travel narratives. The findings reveal that travel writing actively constructs space through narrative strategies that reflect ideological positions, cultural assumptions, and power relations. Rather than presenting space as neutral or objective, travel authors negotiate and sometimes critique spatial meanings, revealing tensions between self and other, center and periphery. In conclusion, this study contributes to literary and cultural studies by foregrounding the importance of critical thinking in analyzing spatial representation, arguing that travel writing plays a significant role in shaping how readers perceive and understand the world.
Co-Authors Angelina Merici Wua Reku Anicleta Yuliastuti Happy Julia Rahmadianti Laura Ika Angelina Arfina Putri Nasywa Nuzula Ramadhani Novanda Lukwita Hakim Pasopati, Rommel Utungga