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All Journal Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI) Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences
R Lia Kusumawati
Unknown Affiliation
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Comparison of GeneXpert and line probe assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in direct sputum samples R Lia Kusumawati; Mirzan Hasibuan; Tari, Nisrina; Kyaw Ko Ko Htet; Nyi Nyi Zayar
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i1.16720

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health issue, particularly in low-and- middle-income countries (LMICs) like Indonesia. Diagnostic methods for TB and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) such as Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) solid media and Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT), are time-consuming, causing delays in patient management. Rapid molecular diagnostics, like the GeneXpert MTB/RIF ultra assay and line probe assay (LPA), offer faster and more accurate detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and drug resistance. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of GeneXpert and LPA in detecting M. tuberculosis and assessing drug resistance in sputum samples from 20 patients with confirmed TB. The samples were categorized into four groups based on GeneXpert results: very low, low, medium, and high DNA concentration. GeneXpert identified 20% of samples as rifampicin-resistant, while LPA identified 35%. Additionally, LPA detected isoniazid resistance in 10% of samples. The five discordance results between GeneXpert and LPA, from samples with very low DNA concentrations, were confirmed using MGIT 960 culture DST as the gold standard. The LPA successfully identified 2 (10%) Hr-TB among TB cases detected by the GeneXpert TB/ RIF. While LPA demonstrates superior performance characteristics, particularly in detecting isoniazid, GeneXpert demonstrated better sensitivity and specificity, making it a more reliable diagnostic tool under suboptimal conditions, followed by culture-based DST to assure accuracy and examine resistance to other drugs.
Risk Factors of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Hospital USU Neny Pristiwati Harahap; R Lia Kusumawati; Noni Novisari Soeroso; Santi Syafril; Gema Nazri Yanni
Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI) Vol. 7 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI)
Publisher : TALENTA Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jetromi.v7i3.20809

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) are major global health concerns with a bidirectional relationship that exacerbates clinical outcomes. Indonesia faces a high prevalence of both diseases; however, specific risk factors contributing to the incidence of Type 2 DM (T2DM) among pulmonary TB patients remain underexplored, particularly in North Sumatra. This study aims to identify risk factors associated with T2DMin patients with pulmonary TB. Method: A retrospective case-control study was conducted involving 80 participants, comprising 40 pulmonary TB patients with T2DM and 40 without DM. Data were obtained from electronic medical records and analyzed using Chi-square tests, Fisher’s Exact Test, and multivariate logistic regression. Result Educational level (OR = 5.001; p = 0.027), occupational status (OR = 3.500; p = 0.038), and nutritional status based on body mass index (OR = 3.498; p = 0.017) were significantly associated with the incidence of T2DM in pulmonary TB patients. Result: No significant associations were found for age, gender, radiographic findings, or smoking habits. Higher educational level, employment in the private sector, and having a normal to overweight BMI are key risk factors for T2DM among pulmonary TB patients.
Co-Authors Gema Nazri Yanni Kyaw Ko Ko Htet Mirzan Hasibuan Neny Pristiwati Harahap Noni Novisari Soeroso Nyi Nyi Zayar Santi Syafril Tari, Nisrina