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HAK POLITIK INDIVIDUAL PRA DAN PASCA MENJADI NARAPIDANA DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN Agus Salim; Asip Suyadi
Rechtsregel : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 3, No 1 (2020): Rechtsregel: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Universitas Pamulang

Indonesia is a democratic country. Every citizen has political rights guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.Protection of political rights as a human right owned by every citizen. Protection of citizens' political rights or individual political rights contained in the 1945 Constitution, namely Article 27 paragraph (1) states the equality of all citizens towards law and government; Article 28 concerning freedom; Article 28D paragraph (1) concerning the right to recognition, guarantee, protection and legal certainty for everyone; Article 28D paragraph (3) states that every citizen has the right to obtain equal opportunities in government; and Article 31 paragraph (1) to obtain education. Democracy occurs if there is recognition of political rights and the implementation of political participation of every citizen. Fulfillment of political rights before and after the prisoners also receive protection of their political rights. The political rights of ex-prisoners are protected by the constitution of the 1945 Constitution, Law Number 39 of 1999, and Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections, and Constitutional Court Rejection Number 4 / PUU-VII / 2009. Based on this matter, this study aims to find out and analyze individual political rights that are confiscated along with the execution of punishment, and to know and analyze individual political rights to be able to conduct themselves after inmates. This research is descriptive analytical with a normative juridical approach.

Analisis Kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia dalam Penanganan Pandemi Covid 19 dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia Berdasarkan Undang-undang Dasar 1945 Agus Salim
Rechtsregel : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 4, No 2 (2021): Rechtsregel: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Universitas Pamulang

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kebijakan pemerintah dalam rangka penanganan pandemi Covid-19 ditinjau dari perspektif hak asasi manusia berdasarkan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Khususnya perlindungan ekonomi terhadap masyarakat yang terkena dampak perekonomiannya. Hal ini merupakan tugas negara dalam mengupayakan segala bentuk kebijakan dan anggaran dalam melaksanakan jaminan mengenai perlindungan (to protect), penghormatan (to respect), dan pemenuhan (to fulfill) terhadap hak asasi manusia yang mendasar khususnya hak untuk hidup dan hak atas kesehatan yang melekat pada warga negaranya sebagaimana yang diamanatkan oleh Universal Declaration of Human Rights tahun 1948, Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, Undang-Undang Nomor 39 tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia, serta Undang-Undang 39 tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan. Hal yang perlu disoroti yakni terhadap pelaksanaan kebijakan yang ditetapkan dalam menanggulangi pandemi Covid-19 bahwa pada tataran implementasinya diharapkan Pemerintah tidak mengabaikan serangkaian hak-hak masyarakat seperti hak untuk mendapatkan pelayanan keseharan dasar sesuai kebutuhan medis, kebutuhan pangan untuk masyarakat kecil serta kebutuhan kehidupan selama penetapan kebijakan tersebut berlangsung. Sesuai dengan amanat Undang-Undang tertuang bahwa Negara menjamin pemenuhan hak asasi manusia warga negaranya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni metode penelitian hukum normatif. Adapun dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach). Penelitian ini berlandaskan pengaturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur mengenai penanganan dan penganggulangan pandemi Covid-19 serta analisis atas konsep penetapan peraturan perundang-undangan tersebut.

Analisa Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja (PHK) berdasarkan UU Ketenagakerjaan No. 13 Tahun 2003 Imanuddin, Iman; Salim, Agus; Isnaeni , Belly
Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, dan Humaniora Vol. 2 No. 11 (2024): Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, dan Humaniora
Publisher : Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, dan Humaniora

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

PHK efisiensi tanpa penutupan perusahaan dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan aspek kemanfaatan, yaitu untuk menghindari peningkatan angka pengangguran. Penutupan perusahaan dapat menyebabkan semua pekerja, termasuk pengusaha, kehilangan pekerjaan. Sebaliknya, PHK efisiensi tanpa menutup perusahaan dapat menyelamatkan kelangsungan operasional perusahaan dan mempertahankan pekerjaan bagi sebagian pekerja lainnya. Alasan efisiensi ini juga tidak dilarang oleh Pasal 153 ayat (1) UU Ketenagakerjaan, serta Konvensi dan Rekomendasi ILO tahun 1982, yang menyatakan bahwa PHK tanpa kesalahan tidak melanggar aturan. Selain itu, lembaga penyelesaian perselisihan hubungan industrial perlu memastikan bahwa PHK efisiensi tanpa penutupan perusahaan dilakukan secara adil, sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip PHK, dan bahwa hak serta kompensasi pekerja dipenuhi dengan tepat.

Tanggung Jawab PPAT Terhadap Pendaftaran Peralihan Hak Atas Tanah yang Menjadi Objek Sengketa Ditinjau dari PP Nomor 24 Tahun 2016 Iwan Chandra; Agus Salim; Belly Isnaeni
J-CEKI : Jurnal Cendekia Ilmiah Vol. 3 No. 5: Agustus 2024
Publisher : CV. ULIL ALBAB CORP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56799/jceki.v3i5.4770

This study explains the legal consequences of registering the transfer of land rights with a PPAT deed that becomes the object of a dispute and the responsibilities of PPAT in the context of Government Regulation Number 24 of 2016 concerning the Position Regulation of the Land Deed Official. The research is conducted using a normative juridical approach with legislative, conceptual, and case approaches. A qualitative method is used to analyze data descriptively with authority theory, liability theory, and legal certainty theory. Problems arise when the registration of the transfer of land rights is recorded in the land book because the rights become the object of a dispute, resulting in the return of documents by the land office. There is no regulation regarding the responsibility of PPAT for the return of these documents. The legal consequence of registering the transfer of rights that become the object of a dispute is the rejection of the registration by the local land office, preventing registration or changes to land data during the blocking period. PPAT is personally responsible for the execution of their duties and positions in making deeds, as stipulated in Article 55 of the Head of BPN Regulation No. 1 of 2006, which states that "PPAT is personally responsible for the execution of their duties and positions in making each deed." Additionally, PPAT also has administrative and civil responsibilities.

Pemenuhan Hak Kepemilikan Penerima Fidusia Terhadap Pemberi Fidusia yang Melakukan Wanprestasi Berdasarkan Akta Jaminan Fidusia Andi Widjaja; Agus Salim; Belly Isnaeni
J-CEKI : Jurnal Cendekia Ilmiah Vol. 3 No. 5: Agustus 2024
Publisher : CV. ULIL ALBAB CORP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56799/jceki.v3i5.4831

This research discusses the legal consequences of the fiduciary grantor's default in the Fiduciary Guarantee Deed and the fulfillment of the fiduciary recipient's rights. The study employs a normative juridical approach with legislative, conceptual, and case methods, as well as a descriptive qualitative approach. The research analyzes data based on the theory of legal certainty, the theory of dispute resolution, and the theory of agreements. The high interest in credit among the public has led to the creation of fiduciary agreements, which achieve legal certainty when the Fiduciary Guarantee Deed is signed before a Notary and registered with the Ministry of Law and Human Rights. However, questions arise regarding the rights of the fiduciary recipient if the Fiduciary Guarantee Deed is not registered. The deed stipulates that if the Debtor or Fiduciary Grantor defaults or is negligent and does not rectify the negligence or fulfill obligations after being given a written notice, such negligence is sufficient evidence of default. The Fiduciary Grantor's right to the Collateral Object ends. The fulfillment of the fiduciary recipient's rights over a defaulting fiduciary grantor can be achieved through agreed stages or by referring to the principal agreement.

Legal Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in Licensing Agreements in Indonesia: A Review from a Civil Law Perspective Salim, Agus; Saputra, Agung Arafat
Jurnal Ar Ro'is Mandalika (Armada) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL AR RO'IS MANDALIKA (ARMADA)
Publisher : Institut Penelitian dan Pengembangan Mandalika Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59613/armada.v5i2.5154

This research analyzes the legal protection of intellectual property rights (IPR) within licensing agreements in Indonesia from a private law perspective. Utilizing a literature review and analysis of relevant regulations, we explore key aspects of drafting licensing agreements and their implications for IPR protection. Our findings reveal gaps in IPR protection stemming from ambiguous clauses, limited knowledge among contracting parties (especially SMEs), enforcement challenges, and the need for adaptation to new technologies. Policy reforms are essential, including agreement standardization, enhanced IPR literacy, optimization of alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, and legislative adaptation to technological dynamics, to improve the effectiveness of legal protection.

Legal Ambiguity in Handling Cryptocurrency Evidence: Challenges and Solutions Kartono Kartono; Neva Sari Susanti; Samuel Soewita; Agus Salim; Ali Imron
Interdiciplinary Journal and Hummanity (INJURITY) Vol. 3 No. 11 (2024): INJURITY: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies.
Publisher : Pusat Publikasi Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58631/injurity.v3i11.1307

This study explores the legal ambiguities and challenges in handling cryptocurrency evidence in criminal cases, particularly in Indonesia. Cryptocurrencies, with their decentralized and anonymous nature, are increasingly being used in illegal activities such as money laundering, fraud, and drug trafficking. The absence of clear regulations on the legal status and treatment of cryptocurrencies as evidence creates significant hurdles for law enforcement, including difficulties in seizure, identification of owners, and admissibility in court. By employing a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis, the study analyzed legal frameworks, conducted interviews with legal experts, and reviewed cases involving cryptocurrencies. Findings highlight the need for clear regulations defining the legal status of cryptocurrencies, structured training programs for law enforcement on blockchain technology, and international cooperation to address cross-border challenges. The study offers actionable recommendations, including legal reform, capacity building, and enhanced international collaboration, aiming to improve governance and ensure justice in cases involving cryptocurrency evidence.

Penerapan Prinsip Kepatuhan Hukum Bisnis (Legal Compliance) Perusahaan Tambang Skala Menengah dalam Menghadapi Hilirisasi Agus Salim; Bambang Wiyono
Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan Volume 5 Nomor 1 (Juli 2026 -
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jerkin.v5i1.7532

Hilirisasi pertambangan mineral dan batubara (minerba) yang mewajibkan pengolahan dan pemurnian di dalam negeri menghadapkan pelaku usaha pada dinamika regulasi yang kompleks. Bagi perusahaan tambang skala menengah, kebijakan ini menimbulkan tantangan besar terkait keterbatasan modal, teknologi, dan infrastruktur smelter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan prinsip kepatuhan hukum bisnis (legal compliance) pada perusahaan tambang skala menengah dalam menghadapi hilirisasi, serta mengidentifikasi hambatan yuridis dan bisnis yang dihadapi dalam pemenuhan kewajiban tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris (sosio-legal) dengan spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif-analitis. Data diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap regulasi terkait serta wawancara dengan manajemen perusahaan tambang dan praktisi hukum bisnis. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif untuk memahami kepatuhan hukum dari sudut pandang efektivitas pelaksanaan regulasi di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan legal compliance pada perusahaan tambang skala menengah masih menghadapi kendala signifikan akibat ketidakpastian regulasi turunan, tingginya biaya investasi pemurnian, dan minimnya akses pembiayaan bank domestik untuk proyek hilirisasi. Sebagian besar perusahaan tambang menengah memilih strategi adaptasi bisnis berupa aliansi strategis (joint venture) atau kontrak pasokan jangka panjang dengan pemilik smelter skala besar guna menjaga keberlangsungan usaha (going concern). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa instrumen hukum bisnis belum sepenuhnya akomodatif terhadap karakteristik finansial skala menengah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan reformasi regulasi dalam bentuk insentif hukum, kemudahan perizinan integrasi hulu-hilir, dan skema pembiayaan khusus dari pemerintah untuk mendorong kepatuhan hukum yang berkelanjutan tanpa mematikan usaha pertambangan domestik.

The Legal Status of Private University Lecturers Appointed under Employment Contracts with Foundations Agung Arafat Saputra; Agus Salim; Tajudin
Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Vol 23 No 1 (2026): Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Jurai Siwo Lampung, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/istinbath.v23i01.13450

The appointment of lecturers at private universities by foundations through employment agreements creates legal complexities because it places lecturers at the intersection of education law and labor law regimes. This situation generates uncertainty regarding the legal status of lecturers and the appropriate dispute resolution forum when conflicts arise between lecturers and foundations. This study aims to analyze the legal relationship between lecturers and foundations based on the Foundation Law and the Teachers and Lecturers Law and to examine whether disputes arising from such relationships should be classified as industrial relations disputes or other judicial jurisdictions based on the substance of the dispute itself. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings reveal a discrepancy between legal norms that position lecturers as professionals within the higher education system and the practice of appointment through employment agreements that tend to resemble industrial relations. Consequently, the legal status of lecturers reflects a hybrid relationship combining professional and contractual employment dimensions. Therefore, disputes between lecturers and foundations cannot automatically be categorized as industrial relations disputes but must instead be assessed based on the substance of the dispute, the source of rights involved, and the character of the underlying legal relationship. Theoretically, this study strengthens the concept of hybrid legal relationships in the legal status of private university lecturers; practically, it provides an argumentative basis for developing more legally certain mechanisms for lecturer appointments and dispute resolution. [Pengangkatan dosen perguruan tinggi swasta oleh yayasan melalui perjanjian kerja menimbulkan problematika hukum karena menempatkan dosen pada persimpangan antara rezim hukum pendidikan dan hukum ketenagakerjaan. Kondisi ini memunculkan ketidakjelasan mengenai status hukum dosen serta forum penyelesaian sengketa yang berwenang ketika terjadi konflik antara dosen dan yayasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konstruksi hubungan hukum antara dosen dan yayasan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Yayasan dan Undang-Undang Guru dan Dosen, serta mengkaji kualifikasi sengketa yang timbul apakah termasuk perselisihan hubungan industrial atau yurisdiksi peradilan lainnya berdasarkan substansi sengketa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya ketidaksesuaian antara norma hukum yang menempatkan dosen sebagai tenaga profesional dengan praktik pengangkatan melalui perjanjian kerja yang cenderung membentuk hubungan industrial. Akibatnya, kedudukan hukum dosen menjadi bersifat campuran antara hubungan profesional dan hubungan kerja kontraktual. Oleh karena itu, sengketa antara dosen dan yayasan tidak dapat secara otomatis dikualifikasikan sebagai perselisihan hubungan industrial, melainkan harus dinilai berdasarkan substansi, sumber hak, dan karakter hubungan hukum yang mendasarinya. Secara teoretis, penelitian ini memperkuat konsep hubungan hukum campuran dalam status dosen perguruan tinggi swasta; secara praktis, penelitian ini memberikan dasar argumentatif bagi perumusan mekanisme pengangkatan dan penyelesaian sengketa yang lebih memberikan kepastian hukum].

Downstream Contracts and the Protection of National Interests: A Legal Analysis in Indonesia's Industrialization Era Agus Salim; Agung Arafat Saputra; Iman Imanuddin
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (September
Publisher : Greenation Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v4i4.1358

Policy of downstreaming of mining commodities in Indonesia constitutes an important foundation of national industrialization process under Article 33 paragraph (3) of the Constitution of 1945. The policy faces legal conflicts in its implementation due to the existence of the conventional form of commercial contracts based on private liberal laws. The purpose of the normative legal research is to examine the structure of downstreaming contracts and propose a legal model for the reformation of the terms of contracts to protect the national interest in an optimal manner. Statutory and conceptual analysis reveals that the existing terms of downstreaming contracts are still under the shade of the absolute foreign investment protection policy with the help of freeze and ISDS clauses. Strategic commitments like technology transfer, labor absorption in the local population, and environmental assurances become bound in flexible best-effort formulations owing to the inequity in negotiating powers and unsynchronized domestic regulations of various sectors. It is for this reason that this research strongly suggests a complete overhaul of the law involving the inclusion of public law instruments in contracts which are established on lawful reasons (Article 1320 of the Civil Code). This contract should be designed with adaptive provisions, restriction of international arbitration jurisdiction through graduated dispute resolution, and strict liability provisions such as TKDN, milestone technology transfer, environmental guarantees, and majority share divestment.

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