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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Global Health research Indonesian Journal of Public Health and Nutrition Public Health Perspective Journal
Eko Farida
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Education Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Nursing Public Health

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Development of Diabetes Mellitus Medication Compliance Instrument Faza Khilwan Amna; Irwan Budiono; Eko Farida
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol 7 No 4 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v7i4.6438

Abstract

Medication adherence is an important factor in the management of type 2 DM. Non-adherence in taking medication can worsen the patient's health condition, increase glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels , and increase the risk of complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular disease. Research shows that only about 50-60% of patients comply with prescribed medication.The aim of this research is to develop a research instrument on medication adherence in Diabetes Mellitus patients. The type of research used is Research and Development . To produce a research instrument product on compliance with taking diabetes mellitus medication and to test its effectiveness, the research process is carried out through two main stages, namely the content validity stage and the validity and reliability test stage. Content validity is evaluated by 10 expect panels. While the validity and reliability tests were carried out on 30 respondents, namely Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients aged 19-40 years who are outpatients in Mardhatillah Hospital Pemalang, Central Java. Validity test analysis using Pearson Product Moment correlation (r) by looking at the output results of Corrected Item Total Correlation , while the Reliability Test is measured by the Cronbach Alpha statistical test. The results of this study indicate that all items in the diabetes mellitus medication adherence instrument meet the content validity criteria based on the assessment. for expert (I-CVI ≥ 0.75). Furthermore, based on the validity test of 15 question items, it is known that for statements 1 to 15, the lowest calculated r is 0.436 and the highest calculated r is 0.779, so that the 15 statements of the DM medication adherence questionnaire are valid. Meanwhile, the results of the reliability test on the 15 items of this research questionnaire have a total Cronbach's Alpha value per variable > 0.60, so that the research questionnaire is reliable (consistent). The research instrument in the form of a questionnaire on adherence to taking DM medication consisting of 15 questions was declared to meet the criteria of content validity , validity and reliability , so it can be used as a research instrument. With valid and reliable instruments, health workers can monitor patient compliance more effectively, support the success of therapy and improve the quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus.
Dental Caries Incidence Among Children at the Dental and Oral Hospital of Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang Innes Dewi Noviany Bambela; Widya Hary Cahyati; Eko Farida
Public Health Perspective Journal Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/phpj.v10i1.25226

Abstract

Early childhood dental caries constitutes a major public health problem in Indonesia, with an exceptionally high disease burden. Data from the 2018 National Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) reported a caries prevalence of 81.5% among children aged 3–4 years, increasing to 92.6% among those aged 5–9 years, placing Indonesia among countries with the highest prevalence globally. This study aimed to analyze risk factors associated with dental caries in children, including sex, dietary habits, toothbrushing practices, parental education level, and history of preterm birth. A case–control study design was employed at the Dental and Oral Hospital of Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, involving 88 children aged 3 10 years selected through purposive sampling. The case group consisted of 44 children diagnosed with dental caries based on medical records (ICD-10: K02), while the control group comprised 44 children without dental caries (ICD-10: Z01.2). Data were collected using validated questionnaires and medical records. Respondent characteristics indicated that the case group was predominantly male, aged 6–10 years, and exhibited poor dietary and toothbrushing habits. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Chi-square test and logistic regression. The results demonstrated that poor dietary habits were the most dominant risk factor for dental caries (OR = 98.967; p < 0.001), followed by toothbrushing practices, which remained statistically significant in the final model. The predictive model showed that children with poor dietary habits and inadequate toothbrushing practices had a 99.37% probability of developing dental caries. These findings underscore the importance of early screening and behavioral interventions targeting dietary practices and oral hygiene among children, supported by collaborative efforts involving parents, schools, and healthcare services to reduce the prevalence of childhood dental caries.
Kejadian Gizi Lebih dan Obesitas pada Remaja: Systematic Literature Review Terkait Faktor Risiko Ika Parsi Saputri Saputri; Eko Farida
Indonesian Journal of Public Health and Nutrition Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijphn.v5i2.39088

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Permasalahan gizi yang sering terjadi pada remaja yaitu kejadian gizi lebih dan obesitas. Tingginya risiko terjadinya obesitas di masa dewasa dan risiko mengalami gangguan kesehatan akibat gizi lebih dan/atau obesitas menjadikan studi untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko kejadian gizi lebih dan obesitas perlu dilakukan. Tujuan :  Penelitian ini disusun untuk menyajikan informasi terkini terkait faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian gizi lebih dan obesitas pada remaja. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian sekunder dengan pendekatan systematic literature review menggunakan panduan PRISMA untuk identifikasi artikel dan PEO+S framework untuk menentukan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Sumber literatur dari database Pubmed, ProQuest, dan Portal Garuda, diterbitkan pada rentang 5 tahun terakhir, berbahasa Indonesia atau Inggris, artikel dapat diakses secara bebas, kata kunci “gizi lebih”, “obesitas”, “remaja”, “faktor risiko” (“overweight”, “obesity”, “adolescents”,”risk factors”) dengan operator boolean “DAN (AND)”. Hasil: sejumlah 18 artikel diidentifikasi dan dianalisis. Faktor gaya hidup/ kebiasaan seperti kebiasaan konsumsi junk food (n=5), kebiasaan makan yang buruk  (n=7), asupan zat gizi tidak sesuai anjuran (n=3), kebiasaan/ gaya hidup sedentary (n=10), aktivitas fisik/ olahraga kurang (n=5), kebiasaan tidur yang buruk (n=4); faktor sosio-ekonomi misal pendapatan keluarga, pekerjaan orang tua, dan kepemilikan aset (barang elektronik) (masing-masing n=2) dan pendidikan orang tua  (n=3) ; faktor sosio-demografi seperti usia (n=4), jenis kelamin (n=2), pendidikan remaja (n=3), lokasi tempat tinggal (n=2); faktor genetik yaitu riwayat obesitas keluarga (n=4); serta faktor biologis pubertas (n=2) berkaitan dengan kejadian gizi lebih dan obesitas pada remaja. Kesimpulan: Faktor risiko kejadian gizi lebih dan obesitas remaja yaitu faktor gaya hidup/ kebiasaan, faktor sosio-ekonomi, faktor sosio-demografi, faktor genetik, dan faktor biologis.
Co-Authors BUDIONO SKM, M.Kes(Epid), IRWAN Faza Khilwan Amna Ika Parsi Saputri Saputri Innes Dewi Noviany Bambela Widya Hary Cahyati