Halim Mokhtar
Selangor Islamic University

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Nominal Group Technique Application Towards the Formation of A Orang Asli Tok Batin Muslim Spiritual Leadership Model Marlon Pontino Guleng; Halim Mokhtar; Abdul Haiy Mahmod; Zulkefli Aini; Mustafa Kamal Amat Misra
Islam Realitas: Journal of Islamic and Social Studies Vol. 9 No. 2 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30983/islam_realitas.v9i2.7266

Abstract

This article discusses the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) as an alternative strategy for developing a list of elements for the spiritual leadership model of Tok Batin Muslim. This serves as an alternative to address the shortcomings and enhance the leadership structure of the current indigenous people. The technique has been applied by researchers to construct a list of key elements in the spiritual leadership model of Tok Batin Muslim during the development phase through expert consensus in identifying and accepting the content elements of the model. The study finding shows the total scores for the leadership philosophy component obtained from respondents' views through the survey questionnaire, which is 72 with a percentage value of 93.5%. The total score for the general principles component is 70 with a percentage of 90.9%. The total score for the leadership dimension of al-Qalb is 72 with a percentage of 93.5%. The total score for the leadership dimension of al-aql is 71 with a percentage of 92.2%. The total score for the leadership dimension of nafs is 71 with a percentage of 92.2%, while the total score for the leadership dimension of external behavior is 71 with a percentage of 92.2%. Furthermore, the research findings indicate that the NGT technique has assisted researchers in quickly and easily validating elements because these elements were developed through literature review, subsequent discussions, and expert consensus. The application of the NGT technique also adds diversity to research methods in Malaysia, particularly in the field of indigenous studies.Artikel ini membahas Teknik Kelompok Nominal (NGT) sebagai strategi alternatif untuk mengembangkan daftar elemen untuk model kepemimpinan spiritual Tok Batin Muslim. Ini berfungsi sebagai alternatif untuk mengatasi kekurangan dan meningkatkan struktur kepemimpinan masyarakat adat saat ini. Teknik ini telah diterapkan oleh para peneliti untuk menyusun daftar elemen kunci dalam model kepemimpinan spiritual Tok Batin Orang Asli Muslim selama fase pengembangan melalui konsensus pakar dalam mengidentifikasi dan menerima elemen-elemen kontennya. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan skor total untuk komponen filsafat kepemimpinan yang diperoleh dari pandangan responden melalui kuesioner survei adalah 72 dengan nilai persentase sebesar 93,5%. Skor total untuk komponen prinsip-prinsip umum adalah 70 dengan persentase sebesar 90,9%. Skor total untuk dimensi kepemimpinan al-Qalb adalah 72 dengan persentase sebesar 93,5%. Skor total untuk dimensi kepemimpinan al-aql adalah 71 dengan persentase sebesar 92,2%. Skor total untuk dimensi kepemimpinan nafs adalah 71 dengan persentase sebesar 92,2%, sementara skor total untuk dimensi kepemimpinan perilaku eksternal adalah 71 dengan persentase sebesar 92,2%. Selain itu, temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik NGT telah membantu para peneliti dengan cepat dan mudah memvalidasi elemen-elemen karena elemen-elemen ini dikembangkan melalui tinjauan literatur, diskusi selanjutnya, dan konsensus pakar. Penerapan teknik NGT juga menambah keragaman dalam metode penelitian di Malaysia, khususnya dalam bidang studi pribumi.
Unpacking Youth Agency in Community-Based Rural Tourism: Student Perceptions and Sustainable Development Strategies in the Tabagsel Region, Indonesia Icol Dianto; Zilfaroni; Halim Mokhtar
Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat: Media Pemikiran dan Dakwah Pembangunan Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/jpm.2026.101-05

Abstract

Community-based rural tourism is increasingly recognized as a pathway for sustainable development, cultural preservation, and local economic resilience in developing countries. However, limited studies have examined how educated youth perceive rural tourism development in culturally rich but digitally marginalized destinations. This study explores university students’ perceptions of rural tourism resources, development challenges, and sustainable strategies in the Tabagsel region of North Sumatra, Indonesia. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed through semi-structured in-depth interviews with eight university students originating from tourism- potential villages across the region. The interview data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns in participants’ perspectives. The findings revealed three major themes. First, students considered natural landscapes, cultural heritage, and community- based resources as key assets for sustainable rural tourism. Second, they identified inadequate infrastructure, limited institutional collaboration, and weak digital promotion as major barriers to tourism development and youth participation. Third, students supported environmental sustainability and community empowerment while acknowledging the need for selective modernization, reflecting the balance between preserving rural authenticity and meeting contemporary tourism demands. This study demonstrates that youth perspectives are valuable for participatory rural tourism planning and can contribute to strengthening sustainable community-based tourism initiatives in developing regions.