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Corruption: Is it a Moral Issue or a Legal Issue? Pelengkahu, Muhamad
Corruptio Vol 5 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/corruptio.v5i1.3473

The objective of this research is to examine the discourse surrounding corruption, with a particular focus on whether it is perceived as a legal issue or a moral issue. This research was conducted in response to the shortcomings of scholars' analysis in discussing the issue of corruption. Furthermore, in light of the considerable number of corruption cases globally, particularly in Indonesia, it is imperative that the government and relevant stakeholders reframe corruption as a national concern. This research is a descriptive qualitative study, employing data collection techniques through literature studies and analysis using deductive syllogism tools. The research concluded that corruption has become a social disease that continues to spread from upstream to downstream of human life. Currently, corruption is only focused on legal reform, whereas the root or heart of corruption is morality. Corruption is a moral issue, not a legal issue; therefore, it must be addressed through a moral, ethical, and transcendental approach.

Web-Based Citizen Contribution: An Model to Optimize Political Participation in the Legislation Function of the Representative Council Pelengkahu, Muhamad; Satria, Najib
Jurnal Kajian Pembaruan Hukum Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): July-December 2024
Publisher : University of Jember, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jkph.v4i2.51889

At present, legal products do not reflect public justice; rather, they serve the interests and triumph of political groups or elites that are technical, insubstantial, and short-term. This, of course, significantly interferes with the operation of the government system, which in turn disrupts the stability of society, particularly in terms of legal certainty. The objective of this research is to evaluate and develop a political participation scheme that can effectively engage the community at the grassroots level in the legislative function of the People's Representative Council. In terms of methodology, this research is normative legal research, which is evaluative in nature. Qualitative analysis techniques are employed to analyze secondary data. This reasearch indicate that the laws enacted by the People's Representative Council thus far have not been aspirational. This implies that they have not been able to take into account and implement the aspirations of all societal segments, resulting in their implementation being at odds with the community's desire. Consequently, we suggest the implementation of a web-based system for information, aspirations, and voting, which we refer to as WASIT. The utilization of website media is due to the fact that the internet is a daily necessity for the Indonesian populace. The KOMINFO and DUKCAPIL community have appointed an NGO that is specifically dedicated to legislative supervision to establish this system. NGOs are assigned the responsibility of developing a website with the assistance of KOMINFO. The Directorate General of DUKCAPIL will collect community data by logging in with the Citizen Identity Number.

Could Sea-Level Rise Eliminate the Existence of Islands Nations? Examining the International Maritime Legal Framework Pelengkahu, Muhamad
MORALITY: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 10 No 2 (2024): Morality : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas PGRI Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52947/morality.v10i2.579

Volume air laut global mengalami peningkatan yang cukup besar sebagai akibat dari menurunnya akuifer air tanah dan perubahan iklim. Meskipun terjadi penurunan emisi gas rumah kaca dan tingkat polusi, hal tersebut tidak menjamin tidak terjadinya peningkatan muka air laut. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk mempersiapkan strategi untuk beradaptasi dan memperkuat resistensi perubahan yang sedang berlangsung dan yang akan terjadi di lingkungan pesisir. Fenomena naiknya muka air laut memberikan tantangan terhadap UNCLOS, sebagai sebuah konstitusi kelautan, karena berpotensi mengubah tatanan pengaturan pesisir dan laut global. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif yang bersifat deskriptif dan kualitatif, penelitian dilakukan dengan menggali kerangka UNCLOS untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang telah diidentifikasi. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dampak kenaikan volume air laut global begitu kompleks dan multidimensional. Penulis mengidentifikasi dampak-dampak tersebut mengancam keberadaan masyarakat di wilayah pesisir, hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati laut, tidak terpenuhinya hak asasi manusia, serta hilangnya hak kedaulatan dan yurisdiksi negara kepulauan dan negara berkembang kepulauan kecil. Untuk menjamin kepastian hukum dan perlindungan terhadap dampak yang ada, kerangka UNCLOS memainkan peranan penting. Akan tetapi, UNCLOS belum mampu mengatasi urgensi dan permasalahan yang timbul akibat kenaikan permukaan air laut. Oleh karena itu, penulis berpendapat bahwa kepentingan negara-negara di seluruh dunia memerlukan pembaruan rutin UNCLOS dan penyelarasannya dengan perjanjian internasional

Climate Change Law Architecture Towards Golden Indonesia 2045: Lessons Learned from Kenya, Finland, and South Africa Pelengkahu, Muhamad; Pratama, Ridwan Yoga
The Indonesian Journal of Planning and Development Vol 9, No 2 (2024): October 2024
Publisher : Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijpd.9.2.%p

Endowed with vast natural wealth, Indonesia simultaneously faces mounting environmental threats due to the accelerating climate crisis. The adverse effects of climate change, ecological degradation, and recurring natural disasters increasingly jeopardize human security and national development goals. Within the framework of Indonesia’s long-term vision to become a developed nation by 2045—popularly referred to as Golden Indonesia 2045—the urgency of establishing a Specific Climate Change Law becomes not only relevant but critical. This research explores the legal and policy discourse surrounding the formulation of a dedicated climate change law in Indonesia. Utilising a normative-doctrinal legal method, the study applies statutory, conceptual, and comparative legal approaches. Secondary data and legal materials are analysed through qualitative techniques using deductive reasoning within a syllogistic framework. The findings underscore that the enactment of a Specific Climate Change Law is a strategic necessity to reinforce Indonesia’s legal capacity in confronting ecological and climatic disruptions. Such legislation is expected to strengthen institutional coordination across sectors, ensure coherence in policy formulation, and promote greater community participation in mitigation and adaptation efforts. Drawing lessons from the legislative experiences of Kenya, Finland, and South Africa, Indonesia can establish a climate law that integrates scientific, ethical, and cultural dimensions in its implementation. Moreover, this legal framework must prioritize protections for vulnerable populations—including coastal communities, subsistence farmers, and marginalized groups—who are disproportionately impacted by climate change. In doing so, the law would not only fulfill environmental objectives but also advance social justice and sustainable national development.

Voices of Freedom: Dialogue, Plurality, and the Shape of Democracy Pelengkahu, Muhamad
Jurnal Politik Vol. 10, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Creating Democracy: Arendt and Bakhtin in Dialogue is an important contribution to political theory and social philosophy. By connecting Hannah Arendt's and Mikhail Bakhtin's thoughts, Hersch offers an innovative perspective on understanding democracy as a dynamic and participatory process. Although coming from different disciplinary backgrounds, Arendt and Bakhtin share fundamental ideas about the importance of freedom, social interaction, and meaning-making in political life.

Green Criminology: Evolution, Typology, and Legal Framework for Environmental Protection Pelengkahu, Muhamad
Ius Poenale Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/ip.v6i1.4444

Green criminology (GC) offers a critical lens for understanding the dynamics of environmental harm, moving beyond Classical Criminology (CC Green Criminology (GC) offers a framework for understanding environmental harm, extending beyond Classical Criminology to include the rights of ecosystems, non-human species, and future generations. This article traces the evolution of GC, outlines key environmental crime typologies, and examines its relevance for legal and policy responses in Indonesia. Using a normative juridical approach and secondary data, the study assesses Law No. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management and related sectoral statutes in addressing illegal logging, wildlife trafficking, pollution, and land degradation. Findings reveal weak enforcement due to fragmented institutions, inadequate sanctions, corruption, and corporate–political influence, highlighting that these offences represent systemic harm. The study concludes that advancing environmental justice requires legal reform, stronger institutional coordination, public engagement, and international cooperation. GC provides a pathway for embedding ecological justice and sustainability into more effective and equitable environmental governance.

Corruptio Legis in Indonesian Legal Politics: A Legisprudential Analytical Approach Pelengkahu, Muhamad
Corruptio Vol 6 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/corruptio.v6i2.4450

This study conceptualises Corruptio Legis as a form of structural corruption operating within Indonesia’s legislative process, where formally valid procedures conceal substantive distortions of law, justice, and constitutional democracy. Using Wintgens’ legisprudence, Ekins’ theory of legislative intention, and Tuori’s ratio–voluntas framework, the analysis identifies key patterns of distortion, including legislative subordination to party elites, transactional lawmaking, and the marginalisation of public deliberation. Case studies of the stalled Asset Confiscation Bill and the Job Creation Law illustrate how oligarchic political interests displace public reason in lawmaking. The study proposes a four-step Corruptio Legisprudential Diagnosis Formula and advocates a Legislative Impact Assessment grounded in this framework to ensure that legislation is guided by rational deliberation rather than power-based interests.

From Authoritarianism to Participatory Governance? A Legal and Constitutional Review of Public Participation in Indonesia’s Mineral and Coal Mining Laws Pelengkahu, Muhamad
Law Research Review Quarterly Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): Articles in press
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/llrq.v12i1.41546

This article critically examines the evolution of public participation in Indonesia’s mineral and coal mining legislation from the post‑independence era through the 2023 reforms. Drawing on a normative‑doctrinal methodology, it analyses four principal statutes (Law No. 11/1967, Law No. 4/2009, Law No. 3/2020 (as amended by the Law No. 6/2023)) alongside their derivative regulations. The study deploys Arnstein’s ladder of participation to assess the degree of meaningful engagement granted to affected communities, and integrates the Constitutional Court’s five‑function model of state resource control (beleid, bestuursdaad, regelendaad, beheersdaad, toezichthoudensdaad) and Ostrom’s collective‑action theory to contextualize normative shifts. Findings reveal that under the 1967 regime, public involvement was effectively absent, amounting to non‑participation. The 2009 Mining Act introduced tokenistic consultation and information‑sharing mechanisms without substantive influence. The 2020 amendments marked a shift toward partnership—granting formal channels for complaints, community development obligations, and limited consent procedures—yet persisted in privileging state and corporate prerogatives. The 2023 reforms further codified participatory requirements in area designation and social‑and‑environmental funding, but enforcement and procedural clarity remain uneven. The article concludes that while Indonesia’s mining laws reflect progressive normative commitments to public participation, significant gaps in implementation, transparency, and community empowerment persist. It recommends targeted regulatory guidance and stronger monitoring mechanisms to align statutory provisions with constitutional and international participatory standards.

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