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Wisanggeni, Gen Adi
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Potensi Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis RJ09 sebagai Agens Pengendali Hayati Penyakit Bercak Daun Cengkih Wisanggeni, Gen Adi; Suryanti, Suryanti; Joko, Tri
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 19 No 3 (2023): Mei 2023
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.3.118-126

Abstract

Potensi Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis RJ09 sebagai Agens Pengendali Hayati Penyakit Bercak Daun Cengkih Cengkih merupakan tanaman asli Indonesia yang menjadi salah satu komoditas utama sektor perkebunan. Penyakit bercak daun berupa nekrosis sering ditemukan pada tanaman cengkih. Gangguan terhadap fotosintesis yang disebabkan oleh penyakit bercak daun dapat menyebabkan kematian pada tanaman. Bacillus diketahui dapat menghambat perkembangan patogen melalui mekanisme persaingan nutrisi dan antibiosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi Bacillus sp. RJ09 secara molekuler dan mengetahui potensinya dalam menekan perkembangan Pestalotiopsis sp., penyebab bercak daun tanaman cengkih secara in vitro. Identifikasi cendawan dilakukan dengan mengamati morfologi yang meliputi warna koloni, bentuk, dan ukuran konidium cendawan hasil isolasi. Identifikasi Bacillus sp. RJ09 dilakukan dengan polymerase chain reaction (PCR) menggunakan sepasang primer yang mengamplifikasi wilayah gen gyrB sebesar ±1400 pasang basa (pb) yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis sikuen. Pengujian kemampuan Bacillus sp. RJ09 sebagai agens hayati terhadap cendawan yang berasosiasi dengan bercak daun dilakukan dengan metode kultur ganda in vitro. Hasil identifikasi cendawan bercak daun tanaman cengkih diperoleh Pestalotiopsis sp. yang dapat menyebabkan bercak nekrosis berwarna kehitaman pada daun. Hasil identifikasi molekuler Bacillus sp. RJ09 menunjukkan nilai kemiripan tertinggi 99.40% dengan B. subtilis subsp. subtilis. Pengujian in vitro menunjukkan B. subtilis subsp. subtilis RJ09 dapat menghambat pertumbuhan koloni Pestalotiopsis sp. sebesar 75%.
In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Streptomyces and Bacillus Isolates against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense Nurhidayati, Febry; Wisanggeni, Gen Adi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10079

Abstract

Fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) represents a major constraint to banana production, leading to severe yield and quality losses. The use of biological control agents (BCAs) such as Streptomyces and Bacillus offers an environmentally sustainable alternative to manage this pathogen. This study aimed to evaluate the antagonistic activity, culture filtrate effects, volatile organic compounds, and compatibility of Streptomyces S01, Bacillus B01, and Bacillus B16 isolates against Foc under in vitro conditions. A completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was employed. Results indicated that Streptomyces S01 was the most effective isolate, achieving 84.12% inhibition in the dual culture assay, 69.96% in the culture filtrate test, and 41.4% through volatile compound activity. Isolates Bacillus B16 and Bacillus B01 showed moderate efficacy, with Bacillus B16 exhibiting superior performance in the volatile assay (28.8%). Compatibility tests revealed that Streptomyces S01 + Bacillus B16 and Bacillus B01 + Bacillus B16 were mutually compatible, while Streptomyces S01 + Bacillus B01 displayed incompatibility. These findings suggest that Streptomyces S01, particularly in combination with Bacillus B16, holds strong potential as a microbial consortium for the biological control of Fusarium wilt in banana cultivation.
Co-Authors Nurhidayati, Febry Suryanti Tri Joko