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AZAS “PRESUMPTION OF INNOCENCE” ATAU AZAS” PRADUGA TAK BERSALAH” DI NEGARA HUKUM INDONESIA SEBUAH PEMAHAMAN EMPIRIK Kosmas Minggu
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 4 No. 1: Juni 2024
Publisher : Bajang Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53625/jirk.v4i1.7811

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to discuss the phenomena that occur in Indonesian human rights originating from the nation's philosophy and view of life, namely Pancasila. This is in the Preamble and Body of the 1945 Constitution in Article 1 paragraph (3) as a state law. Which includes all human rights in the fields of law, politics, economics and socio-culture. While the existence of the Principle, Presumption, Of Innocence or the principle of the presumption of innocence is one aspect that is included in this goal. Therefore, the scope of the problem presented is simple, namely how the existence of the presumption of lawlessness has been implemented, both by law enforcement, the mass media, as well as by "man in the street or the community in law enforcement in our beloved state of law." this. In Indonesian criminal procedure law, it is known as a principle that is closely related to the human rights of the accused in criminal cases, namely the principle of presumption of innocence in the Indonesian state of law, namely to provide protection to every Indonesian citizen from criminal acts. by arbitrary authorities against the accused so that it is possible for human rights to enjoy dignity as human beings is the main goal "While the existence of the presumption of innocence is one of the aspects included in this goal, namely whether this has been implemented, whether law enforcement , the mass media, as well as by the general public in this country of law. Because before the accused or suspect was tried by the court as the agency that revealed his guilt, it turned out to have been tried first by the general public or the press, this is better known as: "trial by the press". hear about acts of vigilante action by community members against someone who has just been suspected of committing a criminal act. In implementing the law in the State of Indonesia honestly, the principle of the presumption of innocence has not been carried out in a firm, consistent, dedicated and responsible manner by law enforcers, the mass media and the general publicThe purpose of this study is to discuss the phenomena that occur in Indonesian human rights originating from the nation's philosophy and view of life, namely Pancasila. This is in the Preamble and Body of the 1945 Constitution in Article 1 paragraph (3) as a state law. Which includes all human rights in the fields of law, politics, economics and socio-culture. While the existence of the Principle, Presumption, Of Innocence or the principle of the presumption of innocence is one aspect that is included in this goal. Therefore, the scope of the problem presented is simple, namely how the existence of the presumption of lawlessness has been implemented, both by law enforcement, the mass media, as well as by "man in the street or the community in law enforcement in our beloved state of law." this. In Indonesian criminal procedure law, it is known as a principle that is closely related to the human rights of the accused in criminal cases, namely the principle of presumption of innocence in the Indonesian state of law, namely to provide protection to every Indonesian citizen from criminal acts. by arbitrary authorities against the accused so that it is possible for human rights to enjoy dignity as human beings is the main goal "While the existence of the presumption of innocence is one of the aspects included in this goal, namely whether this has been implemented, whether law enforcement , the mass media, as well as by the general public in this country of law. Because before the accused or suspect was tried by the court as the agency that revealed his guilt, it turned out to have been tried first by the general public or the press, this is better known as: "trial by the press". hear about acts of vigilante action by community members against someone who has just been suspected of committing a criminal act. In implementing the law in the State of Indonesia honestly, the principle of the presumption of innocence has not been carried out in a firm, consistent, dedicated and responsible manner by law enforcers, the mass media and the general public
Masalah Urgen atas Pengakuan Tertuduh dalam Perkara Pidana di Pengadilan: Urgent Problem regarding the Confession of the Accused in Criminal Cases in Court Kosmas Minggu
Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains Vol. 7 No. 5: MEI 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jks.v7i5.5070

Abstract

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memastikan secara yuridis formal terhadap pengakuan tertuduh atas perkara pidana di Pengadilan. Hukum di negeri ini selalu dalam praktek kehidupan sehari-hari ternyata selalu ditemui dilapangan yang selalu dalam jawaban bersifat kontradikrif, oleh sebab itu dikalangan mereka yang berprofesi hukum lebih cenderung berpikir atau berpendapat bahwa pengakuan itu“an sich”karena belum tentu merupakan bukti yang kuat untuk memastikan atas segala kesalahan bagi tertuduh, karena dalam pengelaman membuktikan untuk memperlihatkan kepada kita semua bahwa ternyata atas pengakuan si tertuduh di luar sidang dan yang terjadi dalam sidang selalu saling berbeda satu dengan yang lain. Untuk itu pengakuan dari si tertuduh saja, secara yuridis formal, belum tentu dapat kita katakan berharga sebagai alat bukti yang sah, kecuali harus disertai dengan keterangan oleh tertuduh itu sendiri, kemudian diperkuatkan lagi oleh keterangan-keterangan dari pada saksi-saksi atau alat bukti yang sah, sesuai yang dinyatakan dalam Pasal 307 HIR (Herziene Indonesiach Reglement). Sebab hal itu pula Pasal 308 HIR menyatakan bahwa pengakuan dari sitertuduh yang tanpa dibarengi dengan keadaan dan kondisi yang sesuai dengan keterangan tertuduh atau saksi, serta dengan bukti-bukti yang lainnya seperti kapan dan dimana perbuatan yang dilakukan oleh tertuduh, dengan cara yang bagaimana dan menggunakan dengan alat apa, tidak dianggap sah dan belum cukup untuk dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar pertimbangan yuridis oleh hakim untuk dapat menjatuhkan putusan pidana. Walaupun kenyataan faktanya demikian, namun hukum positif, khususnya yang terdapat dalam Pasal 308 HIR, sudah mengatur secara tegas bahwa suatu pengakuan yang sudah disampaikan di luar sidang lalu kemudian dicabut kembali oleh tertuduh dalam sidang pengadilan dengan suatu alasan apapun juga, tetap juga pengakuan tersebut bernilai sebagai alat bukti yang sah menurut hukum, kecuali apabila pencabutan kembali pengakuan dari si tertuduh tersebut berdasarkan bukti dan alasan-alasan tertuduh yang tepat, sah dan masuk akal, maka dilihat secara yurudis atas pencabutan kembali pengakuan tertuduh menjadi sah.