Novianto, Widodo T.
Program Pascasarjana Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Implementation of Community Mental Health Service in Malang, East Java Ulya, Zuhrotun; Sulistyono, Adi; Novianto, Widodo T.
Journal of Health Policy and Management Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: The culture of mental-health care in Indonesia relies heavily on backward pseudo-science rooted in dated spiritual traditions. In Indonesia, some people with mental disorder was shackled in sheds or backyards for years on end, which is known as pasung. Based on report, 1 in 7 mental disorder patients were at risk of pasung. The success of mental health service program need a collaboration from community as preventive and promotive besides curative component. This study aimed to analyze the legal system working based on legal, substance, and laws culture in Wonorejo, Malang District, East Java.Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study (descriptive non-doctrinal legal research) conducted in Wonorejo, Malang, East Java. Nine informants consisting of psychiatrist, general doctor, nurse, caregiver, social worker, public health officer, and village leader was selected for this study by purposive sampling. Data collected by interview, observation and documentary review. Data were analyzed by data reduction, presentation, and verification. Results: Integration of human resources is needed as a driver of the legal structure and there was urgency to add more resources (human, technology, fund). The constraint of this program is the limited number of workers (doctor, nurse, social worker) and limited distribution and kind of psychiatric drugs. Communication as a modality of legal substance has done well between social worker, caregiver, public health services, mental health hospital dan village). Community acceptance be legal culture was completely done by various educational programs, advocacy, and socialization. There was good coordination and acceptance between internal and external legal culture. The legal system has done well and leads to optimal community mental services.Conclusion: Analyzing of legal system working in community mental health services from structure, substance and legal culture in Wonorejo, Malang District, East Java has shown integration, effectiveness and acceptance from their community. Implication of this study that are needed policies to increase resources and fulfill of psychiatric drug distribution that was need by the patient.Keywords: community, mental health, legal systemCorrespondence:Zuhrotun Ulya. Masters Program in Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: psychiatry.law12@gmail.com. Mobile: 082232839048.Journal of Health Policy and Management (2018), 3(2): 108-113https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2018.03.02.07
The Urgency of Law Enforcement of Illegal Medicine Distributions in Indonesia Yuliani, Evelina; Novianto, Widodo T.; Purwadi, Hari
Journal of Health Policy and Management Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Medicine plays an important role and is an irreplaceable component in health. World Health Organization (WHO) statistics in 2015 stated that illegal medicine distributions in Indonesia are not less than 3 trillion rupiahs per year or 10 percent of all existing medicine distributions. These findings indicate that law enforcement against criminal acts of illegal medicines distribution is still not adequate. The distribution of illegal medicines including counterfeit medicines is a serious threat to the health of all Indonesian people. This study aimed to analyze the urgency of law enforcement of illegal medicine distribution in Indonesia.Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study (descriptive non-doctrinal legal research) conducted in Sragen, Central Java. Five informants consist of the head of Loka BPOM Surakarta, the head of Sragendistric health office, a hospital director, a pharmacist in a community health center, and a pharmacy owner. Data collected by interview, observation, and documentary review. Data were analyzed by data reduction, presentation, and verification.Results: The investigations of the distribution of illegal medicines are carried out by PPNS from BPOM and accompanied by the police as supervisory coordinators. BPOM has a mapping of facilities and cases, as well as information from the community. If there is sufficient evidence, BPOM applies administrative sanctions, and if there is a criminal sanction, it will continue to other law enforcement officers. The regulations in the field of medicine are adequate, starting from Law number 36 of 2009 concerning Health, government regulations, the minister of health regulations, and BPOM regulations. The distribution of illegal medicines still occurs because there are demands from community and online medicine sales that have not been regulated by the government.Conclusion: Based on Lawrence M. Friedman’s theory, a legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture are a unity in carrying out law enforcement efforts, meaning that no matter how good a law is if it is not accompanied by a good implementing structure and a supportive culture it will be difficult to enforce the law. The society’s trust in the law enforcement officers in Indonesia that considered low should be restored with some improvement in structural and substantial aspects of law along with the presence of legal culture.Keywords: medicine, pharmacy, distribution, illegalCorrespondence: Evelina Yuliani. Masters Program in Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: eyuliani12@gmail.com. Mobile: 0811285066.Journal of Health Policy and Management (2019), 4(2): 76-85https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2019.04.02.01