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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology Indonesian Journal of Chemical Studies (Indones. J. Chem. Stud.)
Pervez, Mohammad Kashif
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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A Technical Study on the Effect of Hydrothermal and Dry Heat Shrinkage of Different Shoe-Upper Leathers Used in Pakistan Solangi, Barkat Ali; Zehra, Beena; Nawaz, Hafiz Rub; Nadeem, Uzma; Pervez, Mohammad Kashif; Zeeshan, Mohammad
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Studies Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Indones. J. Chem. Stud., June 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Scholar Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55749/ijcs.v2i1.10

Abstract

The shrinkage of leather becomes a problem when leather is used in the form of leather shoes or other products and is heated at a high temperature. This technical study addressed shrinkage occurring in most leather shoes used in Pakistan during the shoe manufacturing process.  The chemical testing results revealed fat content (4.0-4.5%), chromic oxide (2.3-2.5%), ash content (1.3-1.6%), and pH (3.5-3.7) under significant limits. The effects of hydrothermal and dry heat shrinkage were investigated in selected shoe-upper leathers. The leather samples showed (18-41%) shrinkage in all 03 samples. The results revealed that an extensive change in various physical tests, such as tensile strength, % elongation, tear strength, had been found with heat induction. The temperature and time of heat contact significantly affect the destruction of bonding in shoe upper leather after being converted into shoes.
Effect of Different Retanning Agents on Shrinkage Temperature of Leathers Zehra, Beena; Nadeem, Uzma; Ismail, Sarwat; Solangi, Barkat Ali; Pervez, Mohammad Kashif
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST) Vol 6, No 2 (2023): JULY 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/ijcst.v6i2.49365

Abstract

Retanning of tanned leathers played an important role to raise the shrinkage temperature characteristic and quantum of retanning agents, where crosslinks are formed with the polypeptide chain of the collagen or other reactive available sites of the collagen. This study is useful for the tanners to determine the percentage of shrinkage by using different retannages. The results revealed that the maximum thermal stability (increase in shrinkage temperature 21-25%) has been found in the basic chromium sulphate retanned leather without destruction of physical properties. Beside this, other types of retannages i-e, mineral retanning, phenolic based retanning, formalin based syntan have been showed thermal stability upto different levels (increase in shrinkage temperature 4-6%,12-15%, 10- 14% respectively) in addition to the development of physical properties such as tensile strength (N/ mm2 ), tear strength (N/mm), fullness , etc. to suit different needs.
Effect of Different Retanning Agents on Shrinkage Temperature of Leathers Zehra, Beena; Nadeem, Uzma; Ismail, Sarwat; Solangi, Barkat Ali; Pervez, Mohammad Kashif
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): JULY 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/ijcst.v6i2.49365

Abstract

Retanning of tanned leathers played an important role to raise the shrinkage temperature characteristic and quantum of retanning agents, where crosslinks are formed with the polypeptide chain of the collagen or other reactive available sites of the collagen. This study is useful for the tanners to determine the percentage of shrinkage by using different retannages. The results revealed that the maximum thermal stability (increase in shrinkage temperature 21-25%) has been found in the basic chromium sulphate retanned leather without destruction of physical properties. Beside this, other types of retannages i-e, mineral retanning, phenolic based retanning, formalin based syntan have been showed thermal stability upto different levels (increase in shrinkage temperature 4-6%,12-15%, 10- 14% respectively) in addition to the development of physical properties such as tensile strength (N/ mm2 ), tear strength (N/mm), fullness , etc. to suit different needs.
Co-Authors Ismail, Sarwat Nadeem, Uzma Nawaz, Hafiz Rub Solangi, Barkat Ali Zeeshan, Mohammad Zehra, Beena