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All Journal Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR) Spektrum Industri
Kabir, Kamaluddeen
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Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Fractions of Gossypium barbadense Leaves and Isolation of Stigmasterol Saddiq, Maryam; Salisu, Ahmed; Kabir, Kamaluddeen; Hassan, Yusuf
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 10, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Plants have been used in traditional medicine in different parts of the world to treat several diseases. Many studies have confirmed their medicinal values, which have led to the isolation and characterization of various potential drug candidates. This study focuses on the antimicrobial activity of crude fractions of Gossypium barbadense leaves and the isolation of active compound. The pulverized plant leave was soaked in ethanol (98% v/v), and a solvent-based fractionation was carried out using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The obtained crude fractions were screened for antimicrobial activity against four (4) clinical isolates: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. NMR and FTIR analyses of the most active fraction were carried out. The ethanol fraction showed the highest extraction yield and premier antimicrobial activity against the tested organisms. At 500 mg/mL, the fraction showed inhibition of 28.50±1.14, 26.40±1.46, 21.00±0.05 and 18.03±0.41 mm against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and C. albicans respectively. The lower Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of 12.5 mg/mL were obtained against E. coli and P. aeruginosa. NMR and FTIR analyses revealed that the isolated compound is stigmasterol, which is known to possess antimicrobial properties. However, compounds that were not isolated could have also contributed significantly to the antimicrobial activities of the fraction. Results of this study justifies the use of leaves extract of Gossypium barbadense as an antimicrobial agent.
Successful phytoremediation of simulated steel rolling industry heavy metals-contaminated soils using a Sorghum bicolor cultivar from Riko, Katsina, Nigeria Yunusa, Yahaya Riko; Umar, Zubairu Darma; Kabir, Kamaluddeen
Spektrum Industri Vol. 22 No. 2 (2024): Spektrum Industri - October 2024
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/si.v22i2.202

Abstract

The release of hazardous heavy metals (HMs) from industries and other sources threatens ecosystems in Katsina, Nigeria and beyond. Bioengineering through microbially-assisted phytoremediation (MAP) is the best innovative alternative to these industries for remediating HMs contaminated environments. Sorghum bicolor (L. Moench) had been reported to be efficient in heavy metals phytoremediation. This study evaluated the ability of a fast-growing local cultivar of S. bicolor (rirrik’a/rirritsa/mota in Hausa) from Riko village, Jibiya L.G.A., Katsina State, Nigeria to remediate mesocosms simulating mixed HMs contamination obtainable at the soils of the defunct DANA Steel Rolling Mills, Katsina industrial site, to residual concentrations matching USEPA/EU limits. A chronosequential, nutrient-poor phytoremediation approach was employed to study the restoration of the contaminated soils in greenhouse experiments. The bioremoval of HMs in individual (0.05-10 g/L Cr, 0.04-1 g/L Cu, 0.08-1 g/L Pb and 0.02-1 g/L Zn) and mixed mesocosms was studied over 8 weeks, in multiple replicates, with positive and negative controls. ANOVA, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis (with Dunn’s post-hoc) tests were used to statistically analyse the obtained data. The results confirmed an overall bioremoval of 66.67% of the HMs. Bioremoval rates were statistically similar across all HMs (one-way ANOVA: p = 0.64); with 69.48% of Zn, 67.46% of Cu, 63.34% of Cr and 58.33% of Pb bioremoved. The final residual HMs were within limits set by EPA/EU (Mann Whitney U test: p = 0.23). Study verified the status of the local cultivar of S. bicolor as a suitable agent for safe, effective phytoremediation of industrial heavy metal contaminated sites. Thus, its use is recommended for on-the-field phytoremediation of hotspots of HM contamination within the study area and beyond. The study also contributes towards sustainable and eco-friendly practices by using phytoremediation to manage environmental wastes from industrial pollution.
Co-Authors Hassan, Yusuf Saddiq, Maryam Salisu, Ahmed Umar, Zubairu Darma Yunusa, Yahaya Riko