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All Journal Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR) Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis
Ramadhani, Dwi Asih
Unknown Affiliation
Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Transdermal Delivery of Ketoprofen for Osteoarthritis Treatment and Management: A Literature Review on Current Progression Ramadhani, Dwi Asih; Harahap, Yahdiana; Sagita, Erny; Permata Sari, Kartika Citra Dewi; Andranilla, Rr. Kirana; Trisina, Jessica; Punu, Gabriella Frederika; Ramadon, Delly
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 11, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Arthritis, a diverse spectrum of joint disorders, is characterized by chronic pain and inflammation. Osteoarthritis (OA), the most prevalent form, leads to disabling pain, functional limitations, and reduced mobility. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for managing OA pain, with ketoprofen recognized as one of the effective options. However, oral administration of ketoprofen may cause gastrointestinal irritation. Addressing this issue, Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS) emerge as a promising alternative route of administration. TDDS facilitates delivery of various drugs through the skin without undergoing first-pass metabolism. Recent studies have centered on enhancing ketoprofen’s transdermal delivery, particularly focusing on different methods (such as patches, gels, electroporation technology, and stratum corneum bypass methods), with microneedles emerging as a promising approach for delivering anti-inflammatory drugs through transdermal routes. This review aims to explore recent advancements in transdermal drug delivery systems for managing OA. The utilization of transdermal ketoprofen presents innovative opportunities for future research and development in novel drug delivery systems.
OPTIMIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SNAIL MUCUS (Achatina fulica) PEEL-OFF GEL USING FACTORIAL DESIGN METHOD Ramadhani, Dwi Asih; Winanta, Aji; Putra Taufan, Indra
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis Vol 12 No 1 (May-August 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/v043sx25

Abstract

Indonesia, a tropical country characterized by year-round sun exposure, faces increasing demand for innovative cosmetic formulations with stable and acceptable physicochemical properties. This study aimed to optimize the formulation of a snail mucus peel-off gel mask using a 2² factorial design approach. A peel-off gel snail mask containing 9% snail mucus combined with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) as gelling agents was developed and evaluated. The physical properties of the peel-off gel snail mask were evaluated through organoleptic observations, stickiness tests, spread ability assessments, drying speed measurements, viscosity analysis and pH determination. Subsequently, contour plots were generated and superimposed to delineate the feasible formulation region. Two formulations located within the feasible region were identified: F1 (4.25% CMC-Na and 14.89% PVA) and F2 (4.5% CMC-Na and 14.61% PVA). Rather than representing a single absolute optimum, these formulations exhibited different performance characteristics within the defined optimization constraints. Further investigation into the gelling agents indicated that CMC-Na significantly influenced stickiness and spread ability, while PVA primarily affected viscosity. Drying speed was influenced by the interaction between both polymers.  The factorial design approach successfully defined a formulation space that satisfies predefined physicochemical criteria for peel-off gel masks, providing a rational basis for further formulation refinement.  
Co-Authors Aji Winanta Andranilla, Rr. Kirana Erny Sagita, Erny Permata Sari, Kartika Citra Dewi Punu, Gabriella Frederika Putra Taufan, Indra RAMADON, DELLY Trisina, Jessica Yahdiana Harahap