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Transdermal Delivery of Ketoprofen for Osteoarthritis Treatment and Management: A Literature Review on Current Progression Ramadhani, Dwi Asih; Harahap, Yahdiana; Sagita, Erny; Permata Sari, Kartika Citra Dewi; Andranilla, Rr. Kirana; Trisina, Jessica; Punu, Gabriella Frederika; Ramadon, Delly
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 11, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Arthritis, a diverse spectrum of joint disorders, is characterized by chronic pain and inflammation. Osteoarthritis (OA), the most prevalent form, leads to disabling pain, functional limitations, and reduced mobility. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for managing OA pain, with ketoprofen recognized as one of the effective options. However, oral administration of ketoprofen may cause gastrointestinal irritation. Addressing this issue, Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS) emerge as a promising alternative route of administration. TDDS facilitates delivery of various drugs through the skin without undergoing first-pass metabolism. Recent studies have centered on enhancing ketoprofen’s transdermal delivery, particularly focusing on different methods (such as patches, gels, electroporation technology, and stratum corneum bypass methods), with microneedles emerging as a promising approach for delivering anti-inflammatory drugs through transdermal routes. This review aims to explore recent advancements in transdermal drug delivery systems for managing OA. The utilization of transdermal ketoprofen presents innovative opportunities for future research and development in novel drug delivery systems.

FORMULASI SEDIAAN SERUM EKSTRAK ETANOL 96% DAUN TEKELAN (Chromolaena odorata (L) R.M. King & H. Rob) DAN UJI ANTIOKSIDAN [FORMULATION OF 96% ETHANOL EXTRACT SERUM PREPARATION OF TEKELAN LEAVES (Chromolaena odorata (L) R.M. King & H. Rob) AND ANTIOXIDANT TEST] Andriyani, Andriyani; Trisina, Jessica; Naitasi, Grace Sani; Munthe, Sri Wahyu Ningsih
FaST - Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi (Journal of Science and Technology) Vol 7, No 2 (2023): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/jstfast.v7i2.6917

Tekelan leaves are known to have antioxidant activity therefore they can be developed into cosmetic products. The objective of this study was to develop a serum formulation from tekelan leaves extract and antioxidant test. Tekelan leaves extract was prepared by maceration with 96% ethanol. The 96% ethanol extract of tekelan leaves extract was made into 3 formulations with a variety of emollient ingredients, namely squalene, dimethicone and almond oil. Evaluation carried out on serum preparations included organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, specific gravity, adhesion and stability tests. The extract yield was 25.40%. Testing for phytochemical content showed that the extract contained alkaloids, flavanoids, phenols, tannins, saponins and steroids. Evaluation results of the three serum formulas meet physical quality test requirement such as organoleptic, homogenity, pH, specific weight and viscosity but did not meet the adhesion test requirements. In addition, all three serum formulas showed very weak antioxidant activity.Bahasa Indonesia Abstract:Daun tekelan diketahui mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan sehingga dapat dibuat menjadi sediaan kosmetik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat formulasi sediaan serum dari daun tekelan dan pengujian aktivitas antioksidan serum. Ekstrak daun tekelan dibuat dengan maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Ekstrak etanol 96% daun tekelan dibuat menjadi 3 formulasi dengan variasi bahan emolien yaitu squalene, dimethicone dan almond oil. Evaluasi yang dilakukan terhadap sediaan serum meliputi uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, bobot jenis, daya lekat dan stabilitas. Hasil ekstrak yang diperoleh sebanyak 25,40%. Pengujian kandungan fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak mengandung alkaloid, flavanoid, fenol, tanin, saponin dan steroid. Hasil evaluasi ketiga formula sediaan serum memenuhi persyaratan uji mutu fisik yaitu organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, bobot jenis dan viskositas tetapi tidak memenuhi syarat uji daya lekat. Selain itu, ketiga sediaan serum menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan yang sangat lemah.

OPTIMASI DAN FORMULASI EKSTRAK ETANOL UMBI WORTEL (Daucus carota L.) SEBAGAI FACE SERUM SEBAGAI FACE SERUM [OPTIMIZATION AND FORMULATION OF CARROT ETHANOL EXTRACT (Daucus carota L.) AS A FACE SERUM] Karnelasatri, Karnelasatri; Trisina, Jessica; Purba, Rossa Maranatha
FaST - Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi (Journal of Science and Technology) Vol 7, No 2 (2023): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/jstfast.v7i2.7604

Carrot bulbs are known to contain secondary metabolite compounds that can act as antibacterials due to their activity, which suppresses the synthesis of nucleic acid, cytoplasmic membrane function, and energy metabolism in bacteria. This research was carried out using laboratory experimental methods through the determination of the plant, production of simplicia, extraction by ethanol (96% as solvent) with the maceration method, phytochemical screening, antibacterial assay, optimization of the base formula, formulation of carrot extract, physical evaluation of the products, and hedonic testing. The yield of 96% ethanol extract of the carrot bulbs was 53.29%, and the water content of the extract was 16.14%. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of the extract (500.000 ppm) against Staphylococcus aureus showed an inhibitory zone of 5.1 ± 3.42 mm. The carrot extract serum formulas F1, F2, and F3 meet the organoleptic and homogeneity criteria; however, the F2 formula does not meet the pH and viscosity criteria. Based on the hedonic statistical test, no significant difference was found in each formula; nevertheless, based on the average value of the respondents, it was known that the F1 formula had the highest preference.Bahasa Indonesia Abstract:Umbi wortel dapat berperan sebagai antibakteri karena mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yang dapat menekan sintesis asam nukleat, fungsi membran sitoplasma, dan metabolisme energi pada bakteri. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimental laboratorium yang dilakukan dengan determinasi tumbuhan, pembuatan simplisia serta ekstraksi dengan pelarut etanol 96% dengan metode maserasi, skrining fitokimia, uji antibakteri ekstrak, optimasi basis sediaan, formulasi sediaan, evaluasi fisik sediaan, dan uji hedonik sediaan. Rendemen ekstrak etanol 96% umbi wortel yang diperoleh adalah sebesar 53,29% dan kadar air ekstrak adalah 16,14%. Aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak (500.000 ppm) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus menunjukan zona hambat sebesar 5,9 ± 0,49 mm. Sediaan serum ekstrak umbi wortel F1, F2, dan F3 memenuhi syarat organolepik dan homogenitas, namun sediaan F2 tidak memenuhi syarat pH dan viskositas sediaan. Berdasarkan uji statistik hedonik sediaan, tidak ditemukan perbedaan signifikan pada tiap sediaan, namun berdasarkan nilai rata-rata responden diketahui bahwa sedian F1 menjadi preferensi tertinggi.

PENETAPAN KADAR FLAVONOID EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia L.) Ayuningtyas, Nurista; Ayu Ina, Ayu Ina; Setyopuspito, Anastasia; Trisina, Jessica; Mardiyono, Amida Kesya
Jurnal Farmasi & Sains Indonesia Vol 6 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Nusaputera

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52216/jfsi.vol6no1p93-97

Noni fruit has traditionally been used for treatment due to its secondary metabolite content, one of which is flavonoid. This research aims to determine the secondary metabolite content of 96% ethanol extract of noni fruit and total flavonoids in the extract. The research method was conducted experimentally. Noni fruit extract was obtained by maceration method, phytochemical screening was performed to determine the content of secondary metabolites in qualitatively. Total flavonoids were analyzed by colorimetric method with quercetin as standard. Quercetin levels were measured by Spectrophotometry Uv-Vis. The results obtained yield of noni fruit extract 3.60% + 0.31. Phytochemical screening of noni fruit extract contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, and saponins. The quercetin standard curve equation obtained y = 0.0067 x - 0.0148 with r = 0.9959. The result of total flavonoids in ethanol extract of noni fruit was 0.166% + 0.004.

FORMULASI MASKER GEL PEEL-OFF EKSTRAK ETANOL 96% AMPAS TEH HIJAU (Camellia sinensis Linn.) [FORMULATION OF A PEEL-OFF GEL MASK USING A 96% ETHANOL EXTRACT FROM GREEN TEA DREGS (Camellia sinensis Linn.)] Trisina, Jessica; Riskianto, Riskianto; Santoso, Feronia Reni Cyrena; Nainggolan, Saur Barita Romauli
FaST - Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi (Journal of Science and Technology) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/jstfast.v6i2.6080

Green tea (Camellia sinensis Linn.) is widely consumed in Indonesia, but the dregs which are waste have not been utilized optimally. A previous study revealed that a 96% ethanol extract from green tea dregs produces antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to increase the utilization of green tea dregs in cosmetic products in the form of a peel-off gel mask with an active ingredient of 96% ethanol extract from green tea dregs. The green tea dregs extract was made by the maceration method with 96% ethanol as the solvent. The peel-off gel mask was made in three formulas with different variations in the gel base, namely PVA 10% and HPMC 2%; PVA 8% and HPMC 3%; PVA 5% and HPMC 4%. The peel-off gel mask was produced, then it was evaluated by an organoleptic test, pH test, homogeneity test, spreadability test, and dry time test. The peel-off gel was stored for 10 days at two different temperatures, namely room temperature, and refrigerator temperature. The evaluation result was obtained that all three formulations of the peel-off gel mask met the criteria for good gel. However, after 10 days of storage at both storage temperatures, there was a change in the color of the three formulas. The Formula 3 (PVA 5% and HPMC 4%) stored at refrigerator temperature also showed an increment in dry time result. These results indicate the instability of the peel-off gel mask during storage. The peel-off gel mask formula from green tea dregs meets the requirements of gel preparations.Bahasa Indonesia Abstract:Teh hijau (Camellia sinensis Linn.) banyak dikonsumsi di Indonesia, namun ampas yang merupakan limbahnya belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Pada penelitian sebelumnya ekstrak etanol 96% ampas teh hijau memiliki aktivitas antibakteri pada Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pemanfaatan ampas teh hijau menjadi produk kosmetika berupa masker gel peel-off dengan bahan aktif ekstrak etanol 96% ampas teh hijau. Ekstrak ampas teh hijau dibuat dengan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Masker gel peel-off dibuat dalam tiga formula dengan variasi basis gel yang berbeda, yaitu PVA 10% dan HPMC 2%; PVA 8% dan HPMC 3%; PVA 5% dan HPMC 4%. Masker gel peel off yang dihasilkan kemudian dievaluasi dengan uji organoleptik, uji pH, uji homogenitas, uji daya sebar, dan uji waktu kering. Gel peel off disimpan selama 10 hari pada dua suhu yang berbeda yaitu suhu ruang dan suhu lemari es. Hasil evaluasi diperoleh bahwa ketiga formulasi masker gel peel-off memenuhi kriteria sediaan gel yang baik. Namun setelah 10 hari penyimpanan pada kedua suhu penyimpanan, terjadi perubahan warna pada ketiga formula. Formula 3 (PVA 5% dan HPMC 4%) yang disimpan pada suhu lemari es juga menunjukkan peningkatan hasil waktu kering. Hasil ini menunjukkan ketidakstabilan sediaan selama penyimpanan.

FORMULASI SEDIAAN SERUM EKSTRAK ETANOL 96% DAUN TEKELAN (Chromolaena odorata (L) R.M. King & H. Rob) DAN UJI ANTIOKSIDAN [FORMULATION OF 96% ETHANOL EXTRACT SERUM PREPARATION OF TEKELAN LEAVES (Chromolaena odorata (L) R.M. King & H. Rob) AND ANTIOXIDANT TEST] Andriyani, Andriyani; Trisina, Jessica; Naitasi, Grace Sani; Munthe, Sri Wahyu Ningsih
FaST - Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi (Journal of Science and Technology) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/jstfast.v7i2.6917

Tekelan leaves are known to have antioxidant activity therefore they can be developed into cosmetic products. The objective of this study was to develop a serum formulation from tekelan leaves extract and antioxidant test. Tekelan leaves extract was prepared by maceration with 96% ethanol. The 96% ethanol extract of tekelan leaves extract was made into 3 formulations with a variety of emollient ingredients, namely squalene, dimethicone and almond oil. Evaluation carried out on serum preparations included organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, specific gravity, adhesion and stability tests. The extract yield was 25.40%. Testing for phytochemical content showed that the extract contained alkaloids, flavanoids, phenols, tannins, saponins and steroids. Evaluation results of the three serum formulas meet physical quality test requirement such as organoleptic, homogenity, pH, specific weight and viscosity but did not meet the adhesion test requirements. In addition, all three serum formulas showed very weak antioxidant activity.Bahasa Indonesia Abstract:Daun tekelan diketahui mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan sehingga dapat dibuat menjadi sediaan kosmetik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat formulasi sediaan serum dari daun tekelan dan pengujian aktivitas antioksidan serum. Ekstrak daun tekelan dibuat dengan maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Ekstrak etanol 96% daun tekelan dibuat menjadi 3 formulasi dengan variasi bahan emolien yaitu squalene, dimethicone dan almond oil. Evaluasi yang dilakukan terhadap sediaan serum meliputi uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, bobot jenis, daya lekat dan stabilitas. Hasil ekstrak yang diperoleh sebanyak 25,40%. Pengujian kandungan fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak mengandung alkaloid, flavanoid, fenol, tanin, saponin dan steroid. Hasil evaluasi ketiga formula sediaan serum memenuhi persyaratan uji mutu fisik yaitu organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, bobot jenis dan viskositas tetapi tidak memenuhi syarat uji daya lekat. Selain itu, ketiga sediaan serum menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan yang sangat lemah.

OPTIMASI DAN FORMULASI EKSTRAK ETANOL UMBI WORTEL (Daucus carota L.) SEBAGAI FACE SERUM SEBAGAI FACE SERUM [OPTIMIZATION AND FORMULATION OF CARROT ETHANOL EXTRACT (Daucus carota L.) AS A FACE SERUM] Karnelasatri, Karnelasatri; Trisina, Jessica; Purba, Rossa Maranatha
FaST - Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi (Journal of Science and Technology) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/jstfast.v7i2.7604

Carrot bulbs are known to contain secondary metabolite compounds that can act as antibacterials due to their activity, which suppresses the synthesis of nucleic acid, cytoplasmic membrane function, and energy metabolism in bacteria. This research was carried out using laboratory experimental methods through the determination of the plant, production of simplicia, extraction by ethanol (96% as solvent) with the maceration method, phytochemical screening, antibacterial assay, optimization of the base formula, formulation of carrot extract, physical evaluation of the products, and hedonic testing. The yield of 96% ethanol extract of the carrot bulbs was 53.29%, and the water content of the extract was 16.14%. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of the extract (500.000 ppm) against Staphylococcus aureus showed an inhibitory zone of 5.1 ± 3.42 mm. The carrot extract serum formulas F1, F2, and F3 meet the organoleptic and homogeneity criteria; however, the F2 formula does not meet the pH and viscosity criteria. Based on the hedonic statistical test, no significant difference was found in each formula; nevertheless, based on the average value of the respondents, it was known that the F1 formula had the highest preference.Bahasa Indonesia Abstract:Umbi wortel dapat berperan sebagai antibakteri karena mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yang dapat menekan sintesis asam nukleat, fungsi membran sitoplasma, dan metabolisme energi pada bakteri. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimental laboratorium yang dilakukan dengan determinasi tumbuhan, pembuatan simplisia serta ekstraksi dengan pelarut etanol 96% dengan metode maserasi, skrining fitokimia, uji antibakteri ekstrak, optimasi basis sediaan, formulasi sediaan, evaluasi fisik sediaan, dan uji hedonik sediaan. Rendemen ekstrak etanol 96% umbi wortel yang diperoleh adalah sebesar 53,29% dan kadar air ekstrak adalah 16,14%. Aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak (500.000 ppm) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus menunjukan zona hambat sebesar 5,9 ± 0,49 mm. Sediaan serum ekstrak umbi wortel F1, F2, dan F3 memenuhi syarat organolepik dan homogenitas, namun sediaan F2 tidak memenuhi syarat pH dan viskositas sediaan. Berdasarkan uji statistik hedonik sediaan, tidak ditemukan perbedaan signifikan pada tiap sediaan, namun berdasarkan nilai rata-rata responden diketahui bahwa sedian F1 menjadi preferensi tertinggi.

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