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All Journal International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) International Conference on Health Science, Green Economics, Educational Review and Technology (IHERT)
Uribe, Martin
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Religion Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Social Sciences Other

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THE DIFFERENCE IN LEARNING OUTCOMES OF CLASS V STUDENTS BEFORE AND AFTER COVID-19 AT PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 095256 PEMATANG BANDAR Aulia Nanda, Ficha; Uribe, Martin; O Tambunan, Jubelando; Jusnita Samosir, Herna; Nur Asima Sidabutar, Melisa
International Conference on Health Science, Green Economics, Educational Review and Technology Vol. 2 (2020): International Conference on Health Science, Green Economics, Educational Review and T
Publisher : Universitas Efarina

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (373.038 KB) | DOI: 10.54443/ihert.v2i.73

Abstract

AbstractThis research was motivated by seeing student learning outcomes during the pandemic that had increased compared to learning outcomes before Covid-19 which was seen from the list of odd and even semester test scores for the 2019/2020 academic year at SD Negeri 095256 Pematang Bandar. The objectives of this study are (1) How Student Learning Outcomes before Covid-19 at SD Negeri 095256 Pematang Bandar; (2) What are the student learning outcomes during the covid-19 period at SD Negeri 095256 Pematang Bandar; (3) How are the differences in student learning outcomes before and after covid-19 in SD Negeri 095256 Pematang Bandar. This research is a type of quantitative research type of experiment. The sample used in this study were 27 students and the population used was all class V SD Negeri 095256 Pematang Bandar. Based on the results of the research data analysis, the test scores in this odd semester have a Liliefors value (L0 = 0.1694 > Lt = 0.173). The results of the test scores in this even semester have a Liliefors value (L0 = 0.14563 > Lt = 0.173). While the results of the homogeneity test using the F-test were obtained (Fcount < Ftable = 1.474 < 1.674). While the results of hypothesis testing using the t-test were obtained (tcount = 2.76 > ttable = 2.012). So it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between student learning outcomes before and after Covid-19 as seen from the List of T.P. Odd and Even Semester Exam Values. 2019/2020 In the Country 095256 Pematang Bandar.
Legal Implications of Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) on Foreign Investment in Indonesia Syah, Danial; Uribe, Martin
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18912845

Abstract

This study examines the implications of Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) on the dynamics of foreign investment in Indonesia, focusing on how treaty provisions, investor–state dispute settlement (ISDS) mechanisms, and regulatory reforms shape the country’s investment climate. As Indonesia has undergone significant treaty termination, renegotiation, and policy restructuring particularly after high-profile arbitration cases such as Churchill Mining and Newmont—there is a growing need to assess the evolving balance between investor protection and national regulatory autonomy. Using a qualitative descriptive approach supported by doctrinal legal analysis, this research reviews international treaty frameworks, national investment legislation, and relevant dispute cases to capture the interaction between international obligations and domestic policy space. The findings indicate that while BITs historically contributed to enhancing Indonesia’s investment attractiveness, concerns about excessive investor privileges, limitations on regulatory authority, and financial risks from arbitration claims have driven Indonesia to reformulate its investment treaty policy. The analysis also shows that the new generation of treaties emphasizes sustainable development, clearer definitions, and stronger state rights to regulate. This study contributes to academic discourse by providing a comprehensive assessment of Indonesia’s shifting investment treaty landscape and offers policy implications for designing more balanced, transparent, and development-oriented international investment agreements.
Co-Authors Jusnita Samosir, Herna Nanda, Ficha Aulia Nur Asima Sidabutar, Melisa O Tambunan, Jubelando Syah, Danial