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All Journal Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Sciences of Pharmacy Sciences of Phytochemistry Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
Musa, Neksumi
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Antidiabetic Activity of Diospyros mespiliformis on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats Dahiru, Mubarak Muhammad; Musa, Neksumi
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol 5, No 1 (2024): August
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v5i1.19798

Abstract

The rate of morbidity and mortality attributed to diabetes has become a concern and challenge for individuals and governments. The availability, affordability, and efficacy of plant-based drugs make them an attractive choice for diabetic management in low-income countries and rural communities. Thus, their application in folkloric medicine for diabetic management. This study investigated the antidiabetic activity of the crude ethanol extract (CRE), ethyl acetate (EAF), and aqueous (AQF) fractions Diospyros mespiliformis (DM) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats to justify its acclaimed applications in folkloric medicine. The effect of the plant extract and its fractions on the aspartate aminotransferase, glutamyl aminotransferase, albumin, urea, creatinine, electrolytes, and lipid profile was determined by biochemical assay methods. The result showed a significant (p 0.05) decrease in fasting blood glucose for all the extracts, while the aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and albumin were significantly (p 0.05) decreased in the EAF only. The urea and creatinine levels of the CRE and AQF were decreased significantly (p 0.05), while K+, Cl-, and HCO3- levels decreased significantly (p 0.05) for the treatment groups. Furthermore, a significant (p 0.05) decrease in total cholesterol and triglyceride was observed for the EAF. Conclusively, DM exhibited significant hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potential with improved lipid profile and hepato-renal function. Thus, the observed antidiabetic activity of the plant might justify its acclaimed utilization in the treatment/management of diabetes and its related ailment.    
Phytochemistry and GCMS Analysis of Ethanol and Aqueous Stembark Extracts of Detarium microcarpum Guill. & Perr. Fabaceae Dahiru, Mubarak Muhammad; Musa, Neksumi; Badgal, Enoch Buba
Sciences of Phytochemistry Volume 4 Issue 1
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphy0401268

Abstract

The therapeutic applications of medicinal plants in the treatment of various diseases can be attributed to their diverse phytochemical constituents. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition of aqueous and ethanol stem bark extracts of Detarium microcarpum. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted to determine the presence and concentrations of phytochemicals, followed by the identification of phytoconstituents using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The aqueous extract was found to contain saponins (27.11 ± 0.22%) and flavonoids (47.33 ± 0.70% ), with alkaloids, steroids, glycosides, and terpenoids absent. In contrast, the ethanol extract contained alkaloids (10.78 ± 0.59%), saponins (45.11 ± 0.48%), glycosides (5.44 ± 0.48%), and flavonoids (11.00 ± 0.77%), while steroids and terpenoids were not detected. GC-MS analysis revealed 14 compounds in the aqueous extract and 20 in the ethanol extract. The major constituents of the aqueous extract included hydroperoxide, 1,4-dioxan-2-yl (58.32%), 1,2,3-benzenetriol (16.44%), and cis-p-coumaric acid (11.05%). In the ethanol extract, the predominant compounds were coumarin (29.41%), benzofuran (17.23%), and catechol (9.23%). The identified compounds may serve as potential synthetic templates for the development of novel therapeutic agents targeting various diseases. This study supports the ethnomedicinal use of D. microcarpum and provides a scientific basis for its role in traditional medical practices.
Crude Ethanol Extract of Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex A. DC. Ebenaceae Leaf and Its Fractions Ameliorate Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats Dahiru, Mubarak Muhammad; Musa, Neksumi
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v8i2.625

Abstract

This study investigated the antidiabetic activity of the crude ethanol extract of Diospyros mespiliformis (DM) and its ethyl acetate (EEF) and aqueous (AQF) fractions on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The result indicated a significant (p < 0.05) decrease and improvement in fasting blood glucose (FBG) level and body weight, respectively. The treatment groups exhibited a significantly (p < 0.05) decreased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level (100-117 IU/L) and decreased gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) level in the EEF (4.80 ± 1.02 IU/L) and AQF (5.80 ± 0.80 IU/L) groups only. All the extract-treated groups exhibited a significant increase (p < 0.05) in urea and creatinine levels than the naïve control group (6.94 ± 0.20 mM/L). Moreover, the Na+ remained significantly (p > 0.05) unchanged while the K+ level was significantly (p < 0.05) increased for the treatment groups. The HCO3- of the treated groups increased significantly (p < 0.05) except for the AQF (21.60 ± 1.63 mM/L) group. The total cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased significantly (p < 0.05) for the treatment groups while the high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels remained unchanged but significantly higher than the metformin group. DM possesses significant hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity lowering hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, and improving body weight and diabetic markers.
Characterization, In Silico Antimalarial, Antiinflammatory, Antioxidant, and ADMET Assessment of Neonauclea excelsa Merr. Musa, Neksumi; Dahiru, Mubarak Muhammad; Badgal, Enoch Buba
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 3 Issue 2
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0302232

Abstract

In our study, we identified the phytoconstituents and carried out antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and ADMET assessments of Neonauclea excelsa. The phytochemicals were detected and quantified followed by identification via GC-MS. The antimalaria, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant assessments were done by molecular docking (MD) and molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) while ADMET by ADMET predictions. Saponins (27.33% ±1.20) and terpenes (8.33% ±0.73) were detected while alkaloids, steroids, glycosides, and flavonoids were absent. Exactly 29 compounds were identified with squalene being the most abundant (32.41%). Compound II exhibited the lowest BA (-6.4 kcal/mol) and Ki (20.12 µM), interacting with dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase. IV exhibited the lowest respective BA and Ki interacting with Plasmodium falciparum hexose transporter protein 1 (-6.2 kcal/mol and 28.20 µM), cyclo-oxygenase-2 (-7.2 kcal/mol and 5.21 µM), and myeloperoxidase (-7.4 kcal/mol and 3.71 µM). Compound VII had the lowest respective BA and Ki interacting with inducible nitric oxide synthase (-8.0 kcal/mol and 1.35 µM), xanthine oxidase (-7.2 kcal/mol and 5.21 µM), and cytochrome p450 21A2 (-7.0 kcal/mol and 7.30 µM). The MDS showed various cluster mobilities and residue fluctuations up to 5.26, 2.96, 5.10, 3.51, 5.02, 4.65, and 6.18 Å for dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase, Plasmodium falciparum hexose transporter protein 1, inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS), cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX2), xanthine oxidase (XO), cytochrome p450 21A2, and myeloperoxidase, respectively. Additionally, these compounds demonstrated good pharmacological properties with minimal toxicity. Conclusively, the identified compounds might be significant contributors to the antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity of N. excelsa and are good sources of novel antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant drugs.
Co-Authors Badgal, Enoch Buba Dahiru, Mubarak Muhammad