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All Journal Jurnal Pemikiran Sosiologi Journal of Sumatera Sociological Indicators
Situmorang, Bonar
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Humanities Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Curriculum That is Not Yet Independent Situmorang, Bonar
Journal of Sumatera Sociological Indicators Vol. 2 No. 02 (2023): November
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jssi.v2i02.14348

Abstract

The "kurikulum merdeka" and “asesmen nasional” are part of the "merdeka belajar" policy that has been gradually implemented since 2020. In terms of implementation, the readiness of regions and schools varies, as experienced in the Mentawai Islands Regency. The author is interested in examining the reality and challenges of implementing this policy. The focus of this article is, first, to describe the potential of education starting from schools, students, teacher competencies, and the allocation of education budgets. Second, to describe the results of the implementation of the "Merdeka Curriculum" and the national assessment in all elementary schools in the Mentawai Islands Regency. The method used is a literature review, with secondary data sourced from journals, books, regional education reports, and the county's educational reports. The results found are as follows: 40 elementary school students have dropped out, out of 1,322 elementary school educators, only 19.1% are certified, and 80.9% are not certified. Teachers with qualifications appropriate for their roles make up 89.4%, while those not meeting the qualifications account for 10.6%. In 2022, the county government allocated a budget of Rp 716.6 billion from the APBD for the education sector. The readiness level for the implementation of the "Merdeka Curriculum" includes 97 schools that are “mandiri belajar,” 16 schools that have “mandiri berubah”, and no schools currently “mandiri berbagi.” The student literacy achievement is the lowest in the entire Sumatera Barat region, ranking 17th out of 19 cities/counties in Sumatera Barat for numeracy achievement, while student character development achievement is still at an early stage. These conditions indicate that education and the curriculum in the Mentawai Islands Regency are not fully independent.
The Role of Patronage in Shaping Indonesia's Political Landscape Annisa, Silvia; Situmorang, Bonar
Jurnal Pemikiran Sosiologi Vol 11, No 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Departemen Sosiologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jps.v11i1.101319

Abstract

This article presents a systematic literature review on the role of patronage in shaping Indonesia's political landscape. Using a systematic literature review approach, the article analyzes 30 selected articles out of a total of 250 articles that underwent identification and screening processes. The main focus of this review is to explore how political patronage influences power structures, political participation, and the dynamics of relations between political elites and the public in Indonesia.  Drawing on Michel Foucault's theory of power and knowledge, the article explores how patronage not only functions as a tool for distributing resources but also plays a crucial role in the construction and dissemination of political knowledge. According to Foucault, power is not just imposed from above but operates through networks of relationships, shaping the way knowledge is produced and legitimized. Patronage systems produce specific truths that validate the power structures and create a discourse that legitimizes inequality and exclusion. The findings suggest that patronage remains an essential tool in political mobilization, influencing both the distribution of resources and the strengthening of social and political networks. However, the complexity of patronage also poses challenges for the development of an inclusive and transparent democracy. This article provides a deeper understanding of the influence of patronage in Indonesian politics, offering insights for the development of more just and sustainable political policies, while reflecting on Foucault’s ideas about how knowledge and power intertwine to shape political realities.
Co-Authors Annisa, Silvia