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Study of Contamination Control in The Pharmaceutical Industry: Ethylene Glycol and Diethylene Glycol Anugrah, Resmilia; Nurhalisa Kairupan, Daning; Liyana Putri, Fadhilah; Ulfa, Munira; Pratama, Fenryco
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol 20 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Volume 20 No. 2, Juli 2023
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Banjarbaru

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/jkl.v20i2.653

Abstract

Contamination cases in health products are on the rise, mainly due to ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol contaminants, which contribute to the high number of child deaths. Contamination caused by toxic compounds should be controlled and minimized to ensure public safety and security. Therefore, contamination control needs further review. This paper aims to discuss HACCP and GMP procedures for controlling and minimizing contaminants in the pharmaceutical industry, as well as policies and coordination between actors to prevent the recurrence of cases of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol contamination. The research used the literature study method, with hazing's publication or perish as a search tool. The results of this paper show that in the application of HACCP, there are several critical control points, namely the manufacture of drugs, the removal of materials, screening of raw materials, dry mixing, mixing, and packaging. GMP implements controls on sanitation and hygiene, equipment, self-inspection and supplier approval audits, personnel, training, personal hygiene, and locations and buildings. In order to prevent the recurrence of contamination cases, it is necessary to apply policies related to suppliers of raw materials, raw materials, and the application of GMP. Coordination between actors at the country and company scales is necessary to prevent the recurrence of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol contamination cases.
EFISIENSI TEKNIS DAN FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI PADI LOKAL SIGUPAI DI KABUPATEN ACEH BARAT DAYA (Technical Efficiency and Factors Affecting the Production of Local Sigupai Rice in Aceh Barat Daya Regency) ULFA, MUNIRA; RAHMAN, HERI; YUSTIANA, YOOCE
JURNAL AGRIBISNIS DAN KOMUNIKASI PERTANIAN (Journal of Agribusiness and Agricultural Communication) JAKP, Volume 7, Nomor 2, Oktober 2024
Publisher : Universitas Mulawarman (University of Mulawarman)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35941/jakp.7.2.2024.16940.119-128

Abstract

Sigupai rice is highly sought after and has significant economic value. Despite its popularity, the production of Sigupai rice remains relatively low. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the production, technical efficiency, and sources of inefficiency in Sigupai rice farming in West Aceh District. Data was collected from all 31 Sigupai rice farmers in the region and analyzed using the stochastic frontier Cobb-Douglas production function. The results indicate that Sigupai rice farming has achieved a technical efficiency level of 0.80. Land area, seed quantity, and fertilizer were found to significantly influence rice production. However, farmers' age, experience in cultivating Sigupai rice, and education did not have a significant impact on technical inefficiency.To improve the efficiency of Sigupai rice farming, it is recommended to optimize input utilization, including proper land planning and soil management. Additionally, the use of certified Sigupai rice seeds and efficient fertilization techniques can contribute to increased productivity.
Effect of Ethanol Extract of Sugar Apple (Annona squamosa L.) Stem Bark on Rat SGPT and SGOT Masykur, Masykur; Nurdin; Hakim, Lukman; Rosnizar; Sari, Widya; Ulfa, Munira; Sari, Novi Yana; Ceriana, Ria
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 9 No 10 (2023): October
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v9i10.4773

Abstract

This study aims to compare hepatoprotector potency of the ethanol extract of sugar apple (A. squamosa) stem bark (EESSB) against the enzyme activity of SGOT and SGPT in rats induced by toxic doses of paracetamol. The method used in this study is Completely Randomized (CRD) consisting of 6 treatment groups and 3 replications. The parameters that are being observed in this study are phytochemical, antioxidant, clinical symptoms, macroscopic, SGOT and SGPT rats. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with a significant level of 5% with the Duncan test as a follow-up test. The clinical and macroscopic symptoms of rat liver including changes in color, surface structure and consistency as well as relative organ weight. Data were analyzed using ANOVA significant level 5% and Duncan's test as a follow-up test.  Extracts contains alkaloid, steroid and phenolic compounds. The results showed that there was a significant difference (P <0.05) in the levels of SGOT and SGPT after giving ethanol extract of stem bark A.squamosa (EESSB). Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that all EESSB doses had the potential to reduce the levels of AST and ALT in paracetamol induced rats. The results showed that there was a significant difference (P <0.05) in the macroscopic changes in the liver based on changes in color and degree of liver damage. Relative organ weight had no significant effect (P> 0.05). The ethanol extract of  A. squamosa (EESSB) stem bark has the potential to be a hepatoprotector, however a dose of 150 mg/kg BW is a more effective dose as a hepatoprotector against paracetamol.