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All Journal JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan
Taufik Ikhtiar, Erwan
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Public Health

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Analysis Factor of Diarrhea with Latrine Ownership and Clean Water Availability in Indonesia: Meta Analysis 2016-2021 Soehartini, Soehartini Toemiran; Taufik Ikhtiar, Erwan; Dimjati Lusno, M. Farid; Azizah, R.; Kurniawan, G.
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol 21 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Volume 21 No. 1, Januari 2024
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Banjarbaru

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/jkl.v21i1.712

Abstract

The study examines the relationship between Diarrhea, Latrine Ownership, and Clean Water Availability in Indonesia, specifically focusing on 2016 to 2021. According to the 2018 RISKESDAS, the age group with the highest diarrhea prevalence, as health workers diagnosed, was 1 to 4 years (1.5%), followed by infants (9%). West Java Province had the highest prevalence of diarrhea by province, with a rate of 186.809. The purpose is to analyze data related to latrine ownership and the availability of clean water about the incidence of diarrhea in Indonesia. The method is meta-analysis. We used a cross-sectional approach to collect secondary data from articles from March to April 2023. The results show that ownership of a latrine that does not meet the requirements is 2,013 times more likely to cause diarrhea than ownership of a latrine that meets the requirements. From the results of the meta-analysis of the variable availability of clean water, it is known that the availability of clean water that does not meet the requirements is 1,858 times more at risk of causing diarrhea than the availability of clean water that meets the requirements. The conclusion is that the variable that has the most significant influence on latrine ownership and the availability of clean water is latrine ownership. We suggest minimizing risk factors by counseling the community, emphasizing the importance and benefits of having healthy latrines that meet requirements and the availability of clean water to prevent diarrheal disease.  
Increasing Levels of Hypurat Acid in Urin Shoes Craftsmen Tambak Oso Wilangun, Surabaya Taufik Ikhtiar, Erwan; Nur Hakim, Luqman; Azizah, R.; Keman, Soedjajadi
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol 21 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Volume 21 No. 1, Januari 2024
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Banjarbaru

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/jkl.v21i1.717

Abstract

The home industry in the Tambak Oso Wilangun sub-district, Benowo District, Surabaya City was a center for producing shoes in Surabaya. From the entire production process there was a chemical used as a shoe adhesive, namely glue. Toluene contained in the glue used as an adhesive was very volatile so easily inhaled and enters the respiratory tract of workers. The liver and kidneys had an important role in producing toluene metabolites, namely hippuric acid, which were then excreted very quickly into the urine. Urinary hippuric acid is the main metabolite of toluene and has long been considered a biomarker of toluene exposure. The study is based on observational analytical research method while the design uses a cross-sectional study in 2 populations consisting of the exposed group and the unexposed group. The sample size for two groups is 22 people. Measurements of hypuric acid levels using HPLC-UV. The level of hypuric acid in the exposed group had mean value 9,23 mg/g of creatinine was higher than the unexposed group has mean 8,21 mg/g of creatinine. The characteristics respondent related to the levels hypuric acid was the length of work and smoking habits. Conclusion: The level of hypuric acid were higher in the exposed group than the unexposed group.
Biomakers of toluene and the Impact Of exposure to toluene in Indoor Air on Public Health: Literature Review Winata, Vina Pandi Ananta; Taufik Ikhtiar, Erwan; Wulandari, Ayu; Azizah, R.; Keman, Soedjajadi
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol 22 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Volume 22 No. 2, Juli 2025
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Banjarbaru

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/jkl.v22i2.974

Abstract

Toluene is an organic solvent that is widely used in industry which is volatile and toxic to health. Based on data from the International Labor Organization in 2018, it is known that more than 1.8 million work-related deaths, one of which is due to toluene exposure, occur each year in Asia and the Pacific. Biomarker to determine the presence of toluene exposure in the human body, namely hippuric acid in the urine. This research is literature review. Database used in this study includes Science Direct and Google Scholar. There were several articles annotate that hippuric acid is a biomarker of toluene in human urine. Health problems due to exposure to toluene occur in humans who directly contact with glue and paint. Workers in gluing and coloring field had higher risk than workers in other field (P<0.01). Hippuric acid levels in the urine of workers exposed to toluene and xylene were 0.15 ± 0.04; 0.11 ± 0.01; and 0.19 ± 0.07 g g-1 creatinine, respectively. It is concluded that hippuric acid is a biomarker of toluene in human urine and the health effects due to exposure to toluene in indoor air include dizziness, vertigo, and eye irritation.
Co-Authors Ayu Wulandari Dimjati Lusno, M. Farid Kurniawan, G. Nur Hakim, Luqman R Azizah Soedjajadi Keman Soehartini, Soehartini Toemiran Winata, Vina Pandi Ananta