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Alghani, Sulthan Rafi
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Education Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Benign Prostat Hyperplasia : a review Alghani, Sulthan Rafi; Sangging, Putu Ristyaning Ayu
Medula Vol 14 No 3 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i3.1005

Abstract

The prostate gland is a vital organ that often experiences enlargement, including in a non-malignant form known as Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). BPH, which is common in elderly men, is a leading cause of medical intervention in men over 60 years of age and affects quality of life. Epidemiology of BPH, with a prevalence reaching 70-90% in men over 60 years. Although exact data in Indonesia is not yet available, leading hospitals report BPH cases with an average age of sufferers around 66-67 years. Symptoms of BPH, such as difficulty urinating and other clinical complaints, can affect the sufferer's quality of life. Risk factors, including age, family history, obesity, employment history, and diabetes. Prevention and education are also a major concern, with an emphasis on healthy eating patterns, physical activity, reducing caffeine and alcohol consumption, and daily behavior to minimize BPH symptoms. Potential complications include urinary tract obstruction which can lead to infection and even kidney failure if left untreated.
Gangguan Siklus Menstruasi Alghani, Sulthan Rafi; Sari, Ratna Dewi Puspita; Septiani, Linda; Utama, Winda Trijayanthi
Medula Vol 14 No 3 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i3.1048

Abstract

The female reproductive system undergoes regular cycles in preparation for pregnancy and fertilization, known as the menstrual cycle. This cycle involves hormonal changes and complex physiological processes, with the follicular phase dominated by estrogen and the luteal phase dominated by progesterone. Menstrual cycle disorders, such as amenorrhea, polymenorrhea, and oligomenorrhea, can be caused by various factors including hormonal imbalances, unhealthy lifestyles, and certain medical conditions. Management of menstrual disorders varies depending on their causes, which may require a holistic and individualized approach. A good understanding of the menstrual cycle and its disorders is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. It is also important to promote overall women's reproductive health.
Meningitis TB Pada Anak 16 tahun: Laporan Kasus Alghani, Sulthan Rafi; Nareswari, Shinta
Medula Vol 14 No 12 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i12.1279

Abstract

Tuberculous meningitis is a form of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection that affects the meninges of the brain. The case discussed involves a 16-year-old male adolescent who initially presented with symptoms of headache, fever, neck pain, and neck stiffness, which persisted for several weeks. The delay in diagnosis occurred due to the similarity of the initial symptoms to bacterial meningitis, often leading to postponed TB treatment. The diagnosis was established through anamnesis, physical examination, and supporting tests, including a molecular rapid test (TCM) on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and a head CT scan, which confirmed the presence of miliary TB in the lungs and meningitis accompanied by hydrocephalus. The patient also experienced a weight loss of four kilograms over the past two weeks, indicating systemic signs of chronic infection. Although the patient received Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment (ATT) such as rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, his condition deteriorated, and he ultimately passed away on the ninth day of hospitalization. Neurological examination revealed a progressive decline in consciousness to a GCS score of 8 and the presence of pathological reflexes, such as a positive Babinski sign, confirming central nervous system involvement. The mortality rate of TB meningitis remains high due to delayed ATT caused by the lack of early diagnosis, emphasizing the importance of early detection to improve patient prognosis. Preventive efforts through active screening of high-risk groups and education about the early symptoms of TB meningitis are crucial in reducing morbidity and mortality rates.
Co-Authors Ratna Dewi Puspita Sari Sangging, Putu Ristyaning Ayu Septiani, Linda Shinta Nareswari, Shinta Winda Trijayanthi Utama, Winda Trijayanthi