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All Journal Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education Journal (Birle Journal) Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx Journal) Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal (BIoEx Journal)
Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
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Common Science Misconceptions among Junior, Secondary School, and College Freshmen: A Case Study in Dire Dawa City, Ethiopia Goshu, Belay Sitotaw; Misganu, Tewodros; Abas, Ermias; Woldeamanue, Melaku Masresha; Ridwan, Muhammad
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 7, No 3 (2024): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, August
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v7i3.7949

Abstract

The aim of this study was to clarify misconceptions about science subjects among middle school, high school, and first-year university students in Dire Dawa City. The sample size was 1,576 first-year middle school and university students in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. The researchers asked each participant to write responses to open-ended questions about general concepts in biology, chemistry, and physics. The authors use descriptive analysis techniques. These results show that 31.6% of respondents and 49.9% of respondents incorrectly believe that breathing, breathing, and germs are always incorrect concepts. Furthermore, it was found that 33.0% of respondents had a misunderstanding that "seeds and eggs are not living things." 54.6% of respondents had a good understanding that carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen are essential elements for living things, but 26.1% said they did not have a clear understanding of this indicator. Moreover, it was found that 45.9% of respondents did not understand the concept of pressure and violence. 27.9% of respondents did not clearly understand this indicator, while the rest 20.6% understood about pressure. We concluded that the level of common misconceptions about science subjects among teachers, students' families, and students was very high. The government revised existing textbooks, and teachers need to review their teaching methods and work with school leaders to develop intervention mechanisms. Students should have a forum with their families to reflect on what students have learned and discuss science with their children. They are a source of dissemination of existing misconceptions.
Timeless Connections: Quantum Entanglement and Spiritual Perspectives on Universal Evolution Goshu, Belay Sitotaw; Ridwan, Muhammad
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2024): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, July
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v6i3.7931

Abstract

This work investigates the relationship between spiritual interconnection and quantum field theory (QFT) by adding a holistic parameter Λ to the potential function V(ϕ, Λ)=0.5m2ϕ2+ΛV0ϕ4. Higher levels of interconnection boost quantum correlations since the study shows that the expected value of spin correlation <S1⋅S2> is directly related to Λ. The enormous influence of non-linear interactions in quantum systems is highlighted by numerical calculations that demonstrate a linear relationship between Ϋ and spin correlation. These results imply that holistic variables can modulate quantum entanglement, giving empirical credence to spiritual beliefs on the unity and oneness of all reality. The ramifications of the discovery extend beyond quantum technologies, where optimizing the entanglement qualities for computing, cryptography, and sensing applications could be achieved by adjusting the holistic parameter. Furthermore, this study promotes an integrated knowledge of the cosmos by bridging the gap between reductionist and holistic scientific paradigms. To gain a deeper understanding of how reality is interconnected, future research should explore the impact of holistic parameters on various quantum domains and promote interdisciplinary cooperation. This all-encompassing method aligns with the metaphysical aspects of life, enhancing both spiritual and scientific knowledge.
Exploring the Impact of Super Blue Moons on Science and Spirituality Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2024): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, July
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v6i3.7944

Abstract

This research examines the complex meaning of super blue moons, tying together spiritual and cultural interpretations with scientific explanations from different backgrounds. According to science, super blue moons are uncommon astronomical occurrences that combine the features of a blue moon and a supermoon, each adding to the moon's increased apparent prominence. The lunar phenomenon holds great cultural and spiritual significance throughout several traditions. Religious texts like the Holy Quran and the Bhagavad Gita and Indigenous beliefs, make this clear. The moon is frequently linked to divine appearances and spiritual ceremonies. Scholars such as Al-Ghazali and Vine Deloria Jr. describe how current philosophy perceives the convergence of science and spirituality in comprehending moon phenomena. This study offers an in-depth analysis of the resonance of super blue moons with various worldviews. It also emphasizes how they might serve as a hub for integrating interpretations from spiritual and cultural traditions with scientific understanding.   
A New Upper Limit on Graviton Mass from Large-Scale Gravitational Convergence Analysis Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal Vol 6 No 3 (2024): Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal, September
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/bioex.v6i3.1202

Abstract

This study investigates the limits on graviton mass using a convergence-based approach within the framework of gravitational physics. By employing theoretical models and computational simulations, we derive a graviton mass limit that is then compared with existing constraints from astrophysical observations and quantum field theories. The findings suggest that the mass of the graviton, although typically assumed to be negligible, can be constrained through gravitational wave dynamics and the interactions of massive bodies in the universe. The results highlight the potential for significant implications in our understanding of gravitational interactions and encourage further interdisciplinary research to explore the nature of gravity at both cosmological and quantum scales. These insights may pave the way for future investigations in gravitational wave astronomy, contributing to our understanding of fundamental forces in the universe.
Barriers to Excellence: Unveiling the Challenges in Modern Science Education a Case of Ethiopia's Education System Goshu, Belay Sitotaw; Weldeamueal, Melaku Masresha; Ridwan, Muhammad
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Vol 8, No 1 (2025): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute February
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v8i1.8026

Abstract

The quality of higher education in Ethiopia faces significant challenges in producing graduates equipped to address real-world problems effectively. While academic institutions focus on theoretical knowledge, there is a growing concern that students are not prepared to tackle societal issues or engage with community needs. This study aims to assess the barriers to effective science education in Ethiopia's higher education system, focusing on how these barriers affect professional competency and ethical responsibility. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including qualitative interviews with educators, employers, and community leaders, and a quantitative survey of graduates. The study examined the gap between theoretical knowledge imparted during training and the practical skills required in the workplace. Key findings reveal that while graduates possess advanced theoretical understanding, they struggle to apply this knowledge ethically and practically to address community issues. The lack of focus on ethics, practical skills, and community engagement in the curriculum is a gap identified. The study concludes that Ethiopian higher education needs a comprehensive reform to integrate ethical training, practical application, and soft skills development into the curriculum. Collaboration between academia, industry, and communities is essential to bridge the gap between theory and practice. In addition, a more dynamic and inclusive education system should aim to create graduates who can ethically contribute to solving real-world problems and fostering sustainable community development.
Assessment of Entrance Skin Dose in Patients Undergoing Chest and Abdominal Radiography in Selected Hospitals of Dire Dawa, Ethiopia Simegn, Tigist; Berhanu, Hana; Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Vol 7, No 4 (2024): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute November
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v7i4.7998

Abstract

The purpose is to evaluate the entrance skin dose (ESD) and establish the diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for the most common X-ray examinations in adult patients in Dire Dawa City, Ethiopia. Data from 45 adult patients in three selected hospitals were collected between February and July 2022. The patients' ages ranged from 21 to 54 years old, while their heights and weights varied from 150.0 cm to 175.0 cm and 48.0 kg to 75.0 kg, respectively. The study also assessed the mean entrance surface dose (ESD) values for radiography of the chest and abdomen. YMWGH had the lowest mean ESD for abdominal radiography varying from 0.004742 mGy at DCH to 0.010136 mGy at YMWGH. The mean ESD values for chest radiography showed notable diversity, ranging from 0.006277 mGy at SGH to 0.023849 mGy at DCH. Consistency in exposure measurements was indicated by the comparatively minimal ESD standard deviations across all hospitals. These results highlight how crucial it is to optimize mAs settings to lower ESD and enhance radiography procedures. Future studies should examine other factors influencing radiography outcomes and involve a larger spectrum of hospitals. According to, the examination of radiography data from DCH, YMWGH, and SGH, milliampere-seconds (mAs) influence radiographic results in three hospitals in a statistically meaningful way. With extremely low p-values and high t-values, the mAs coefficient is highly significant, highlighting its crucial role in defining image quality and patient safety. This consistent finding across the institutions implies that limiting patient exposure and attaining acceptable radiography results need careful consideration of the mAs settings. The constant term has low t-values and high p-values showing no discernible impact on the results. This is consistent with other research showing that terms frequently make just a little contribution to these kinds of models.
Vortex Beam Ionization: A Novel Approach to Advanced Communication Systems Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Vol 7, No 4 (2024): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute November
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v7i4.7996

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the vortex beams' interaction with ionized media this work centers on the kinetics of the beam's propagation and its ionization efficiency. The spatial distribution of the intensity of the vortex beam propagating through plasma, paying special attention to the energy transfer and beam waist evolution processes. It was discovered that the ionization rate was roughly 1.0 ×10-6, indicating a low ionization efficiency at the specified energy levels. Furthermore, to understand the mechanisms governing the interaction between the vortex beam and the plasma break, down the electromagnetic fields into external and induced components. The findings suggest that optimizing the beam's parameters, such as intensity and polarization, can enhance ionization efficiency and improve applications in plasma-assisted communication and advanced particle manipulation. Furthermore, understanding how the medium's properties affect vortex beam propagation is crucial for developing more efficient systems. The study highlights the importance of considering plasma characteristics when applying vortex beams to practical problems and offers recommendations for improving ionization efficiency and beam stability in ionized environments.
A Receptor-Oriented Approach to Overcoming Universal Challenges in Science Education Goshu, Belay Sitotaw; Ridwan, Muhammad
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 7, No 4 (2024): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, Novemb
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v7i4.7986

Abstract

This study explores key challenges in science education from a receptor-oriented perspective, analyzing the experiences of teachers, students, school administrators, policymakers, and community stakeholders. Findings reveal significant barriers, including inadequate resources, limited professional development for teachers, low student engagement, outdated curricula, and insufficient policy support. Teachers reported a lack of access to necessary resources and training in emerging science topics, which limits their ability to conduct hands-on, inquiry-based lessons. Students expressed a desire for more relevant, real-world applications in science, which are missing due to curriculum rigidity and emphasis on standardized testing. Furthermore, administrators identified funding constraints and digital illiteracy as obstacles to implementing modern science education. Community and industry involvement was identified as crucial yet underutilized, limiting students' exposure to STEM career pathways and practical science applications. The findings underscore the need for reform strategies that provide resource allocation, updated curricula, reduced testing pressures, digital literacy initiatives, and structured partnerships with industry. A receptor-oriented approach is recommended to tailor solutions for each group’s unique needs, ultimately supporting a more engaging, equitable, and future-focused science education system.
Assessing the learning outcomes of 8th-grade students from the National Exam in 2023 in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia Goshu, Belay Sitotaw; Abas, Ermias; Fitria, Fitria
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 7, No 4 (2024): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, Novemb
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v7i4.7964

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to assess and examine the learning objectives attained by eighth-grade students who took part in the 2023 National Exam in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. The study's descriptive research design gathers data on academic performance in the eighth grade. Every primary school, both private and public, was selected. Data was gathered from the education bureau using the academic roster for the 2023 national test. The descriptive approach was used to evaluate the student's progress toward the next level and their academic accomplishment. Using Python 3.11 software, the assessment was completed by classifying the students based on their mother tongue. The findings of the study indicated that in the Afan Somali stream, the average grade points for pupils in the academic year 2023 were 28.2 , 22.3 21.2 , 16.7 , 20.5 , and, 20.0 , respectively, in the fields of the Afan Somali language, English, citizenship, mathematics, social studies, and general science.  The average grade points for students in the Afan Oromo stream in the academic year 2023 were 28.4 , 20.3 20.4 , 17.1 , 22.6 , and 21.0 , respectively, in the fields of the Afan Somali language, English, citizenship, mathematics, social studies, and general science. Moreover, in Amharic, the average grade points for pupils in the academic year 2023 were 33.2 , 22.6 19.9 , 18.5 , 22.6 , and, 21.2 , respectively, in the fields of Amharic, English, citizenship, mathematics, social studies, and general science. According to these results, 26.4% of students who received scores higher than 50% and 73.6% of students who received scores lower than 50% were advanced to the next grade. However, the study suggests that primary schools should be equipped with the tools required to support high academic achievement. It is imperative to look for teachers who possess the necessary training, experience, aptitude for learning, and teaching abilities. According to their mother tongue languages, kids' academic performance varies, as evidenced by the results, which highlights the need for customized teaching strategies. The recommendations of the study for areas that warrant more investigation, such as studies on instructional materials and teacher quality carried out in elementary schools to get complete comparisons and identify other factors influencing learning results.
Enhancing Communication Performance: Addressing Propagation Effects and Noise Sources Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2024): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, October
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v6i4.8001

Abstract

This study investigates signal attenuation and chromatic dispersion, employing mitigation strategies to enhance signal quality in optical fibers. The results demonstrate that the original signal exhibits uniform propagation, but interference from noise leads to increased signal degradation, as indicated by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) statistics. The mean SNR of the original signal was 3.4147 dB, which increased to 5.0549 dB under noisy conditions. The SNR sharply dropped to -5.2713 dB after applying quantum squeezing techniques, indicating a discernible loss and a noise reduction. The SNR was raised to -4.8290 dB after noise filtration, suggesting a high performance but still below the initial signal quality. The effectiveness of the techniques was demonstrated through statistical analysis, including a t-test, which revealed variations in SNR under different conditions. Additionally, SNR variation with distance was explored, showing an increase proportional to the square of the distance, underscoring the need for distance considerations in optical communication design. Overall, this research provides insights into the complex interplay between signal enhancement methods and their impact on optical fiber communications.
Co-Authors Abas, Ermias Alemu, Yonas Tadesse Ayalew, Anteneh Berhanu, Hana Cheiklu, Robel Cheru, Nega Fitria Fitria Lakew, Eyoel Merga, Bikila Misganu, Tewodros Muhammad Ridwan Simegn, Tigist Weldeamueal, Melaku Masresha Woldeamanue, Melaku Masresha