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All Journal Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education Journal (Birle Journal) Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx Journal) Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal (BIoEx Journal)
Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Social Sciences Transportation Other

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The Book of Enoch and Early Astronomical Thought: A Prelude to Scientific Observation Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 7, No 2 (2025): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, April
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v7i2.8073

Abstract

The astronomical content of 1 Enoch and its influence on ancient and early modern philosophy is examined in this study, with particular attention paid to cosmological concepts, celestial motions, and timekeeping systems. The primary objective is to analyze the Astronomical Book of 1 Enoch with other ancient cosmological texts, assess its role in shaping early Jewish and Christian timekeeping practices, and evaluate its influence on medieval and Renaissance scientific thought. A textual analysis was conducted to examine the structure and content of 1 Enoch, a comparative study was employed to compare its celestial descriptions with those of Mesopotamian and Egyptian systems, and a historical analysis traced its impact on later theological and scientific advances. The study finds that the 364-day solar calendar in 1 Enoch aligns more closely with the Mesopotamian and Egyptian traditions than with traditional Jewish lunar calendars. Additionally, 1 Enoch's cosmology influenced medieval and Renaissance thinkers, contributing to theological discussions on divine order and precision in the cosmos. The study concludes that 1 Enoch played a significant role in the progress of ancient and medieval astronomy, influencing theological debates and scientific advancements. It recommends further research into the integration of Enochian cosmology in early scientific thought and its potential role in shaping the progress of timekeeping systems.
Unraveling the Drift: Understanding the Accelerated Movement of Earth's Magnetic North Pole toward Siberia Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal, May
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/bioex.v7i2.1285

Abstract

The Earth's magnetic field has been experiencing a noticeable shift in recent decades, with the magnetic North Pole gradually drifting towards Siberia. The accelerated migration of the magnetic North Pole and its implications for comprehending the dynamics of the Earth's geomagnetic environment are examined in this study. Using historical data and linear regression models, we analyze the rate and pattern of the pole's movement, focusing on its trajectory toward Siberia. The results show a steady drift of approximately 10 kilometers per year, with predictions suggesting that by 2025, the magnetic North Pole will be located at 90.29 degrees latitude and 115.84 degrees longitude. The study also examines geomagnetic reversal events, noting significant occurrences in 1850, 1900, 1950, and 2000, and forecasts another reversal in 2025. These findings shed light on the natural variability of Earth's magnetic field and emphasize the need for continued monitoring. The study highlights the importance of understanding the magnetic field's behavior for navigation systems, satellite communication, and geophysical exploration. Furthermore, it raises questions about the long-term effects of these shifts on Earth’s magnetic environment and its interactions with solar wind. This research provides valuable insights into the ongoing changes in the Earth's magnetic field and underscores the importance of monitoring geomagnetic changes for scientific, technological, and environmental purposes.
Mass-Driven Orbital Eccentricity: The Dominant Role of Planetary Mass over Size in Shaping Explanatory Orbits Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal, May
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/bioex.v7i2.1286

Abstract

The diversity of exoplanetary orbits, particularly their eccentricity, challenges traditional models of planetary dynamics, with planetary mass and size as potential drivers. This study investigates the dominant role of mass oversize in shaping orbital eccentricity, aiming to refine theoretical frameworks for exoplanetary systems. Observational data from 500 simulated exoplanets were analyzed to identify correlations between mass, size, and eccentricity with the Pearson correlation and statistical tests. Numerical simulations with REBOUND modeled mass-driven gravitational interactions, comparing eccentricity evolution across varying masses and radii. The model was fitted to propose a refined framework. Mass showed a weak positive correlation with eccentricity (r=0.15, p=0.002), while size had a negligible impact (r=0.08). Terrestrial planets exhibited higher mean eccentricity (0.299) than gas giants (0.234), suggesting external influences. Simulations confirmed mass-driven eccentricity growth (e.g., 0.004 at 10.0 M⊕), with size effects absent. The refined model, e ≈ 0.360⋅(M/M⊕)0.00001⋅(aratio)0.00001⋅(t/105), indicates a limited mass influence modulated by the system architecture. Mass primarily drives eccentricity, though system-specific factors amplify terrestrial eccentricities, impacting habitability. Future studies should use actual data, extend simulations, and include tidal effects to refine models, aiding habitability assessments in missions like TESS. This research advances our understanding of exoplanetary dynamics, emphasizing mass as a key determinant.
Examining the Influence of Large-Scale Hydroelectric Projects on Earth's Rotation, Polarity Shifts, and Magnetic Reversals Goshu, Belay Sitotaw; Alemu, Yonas Tadesse
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 7, No 2 (2025): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, April
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v7i2.8086

Abstract

The construction of large-scale hydropower projects, such as the Three Gorges Dam, has raised concerns regarding their potential impact on Earth’s rotational dynamics, specifically the axial tilt (obliquity) and its implications for global climate systems. As mass redistribution from these projects could theoretically affect the Earth’s rotation, this study aimed to investigate whether the changes in mass distribution due to the Three Gorges Dam have any measurable effect on the Earth’s axial tilt. This study aimed to evaluate the possible relationship between large-scale hydrological projects and changes in the Earth's rotational characteristics, focusing on obliquity. This was accomplished by combining historical climate records, mathematical models, and satellite-based observational data. Axial tilt measurements from NASA's Earth Orientation Parameters dataset were used to predict and analyze the changes in the moment of inertia caused by the dam's water impoundment. Simulations showed that the Earth's rotational dynamics would only be slightly affected, well below the threshold needed to produce any discernible climatic changes. The study concludes that large-scale hydropower projects, including the Three Gorges Dam, do not have a significant impact on Earth’s axial tilt or long-term climate systems. These findings contribute to the broader understanding of how human-induced changes in mass distribution influence Earth’s rotational dynamics and underscore the resilience of the planet’s natural systems to such interventions.
5G Technology Deployment: A Thorough Examination of the Potential and Difficulties for Environmental Sustainability, Human Health, and Sociotechnical Systems Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i1.8130

Abstract

The introduction of 5G technology presents challenges in the areas of human health, environmental sustainability, and socio-technical systems, but it also holds the promise of revolutionary improvements in healthcare, industry, and connectivity. The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of 5G, pinpoint areas in need of further research, and suggest ways to minimize its negative effects while optimizing its positive ones. Statistical analysis, qualitative reviews, and quantitative simulations were all incorporated into a mixed-methods approach. Mathematical models simulated the impacts of 5 G on health (e.g., obesity risk), the environment (e.g., carbon emissions), and sociotechnical systems (e.g., the digital divide) from 2020 to 2025, using data from various sources. 5G lowers industrial downtime by 25% and improves healthcare outcomes by 20% through remote surgeries. However, it increases the risk of obesity by 30%, carbon emissions by 35.5%, and the digital divide by 137.9%. These effects are successfully balanced by mitigation techniques like screen time limits, the use of renewable energy, and rural 5G projects. 5G's benefits can be maximized through sustainable and equitable. To guarantee long-term societal benefits, its difficulties must be proactively mitigated. Adopt renewable energy for 5G infrastructure, launch public health campaigns, and form alliances to close the digital divide while continuing research trials on the long-term effects.
Hydroclimate Vulnerability and Water Security of Croplands in a Semi-Arid City: A Case Study of Dire Dawa, Ethiopia Goshu, Belay Sitotaw; Muhammad Ridwan
Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal, January
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/bioex.v8i1.1404

Abstract

In the semi-arid Dire Dawa City Administration, Ethiopia, escalating hydroclimatic stressors threaten agricultural sustainability amid rapid urbanization and climate variability. This study integrates multi-source data, climate records, satellite imagery, farmer surveys (n=450)—via a sequential flowchart (Figures 1, 3, 5) to assess drought vulnerability through hydroclimate exposure, water origins, sustainability metrics, crop sensitivities, and adaptive capacities. Over 1990–2025, annual temperatures rose 0.247°C/year (Mann-Kendall p<0.001), amplifying evapotranspiration and monsoon compression, while rainfall (595.2 mm/year, CV 10.3%) yielded seven drought years (20.6% via SPI-12) and 88 floods (+0.136/year trend, p<0.001; Figure 2). The vulnerability indices averaged 0.62, peaking at 0.75 during 2015 whiplash events (Table 1). Water origins revealed near-parity green (50.6%) and blue (49.4%) contributions, with Dechatu River (33.5%) and groundwater (15.0%) deficits at 33% under baseline, projected -5% by +2°C warming. Crop footprints (0.8–1.2 m³/kg) and renewabilities (0.65–0.75) highlighted sorghum's HIGH sustainability (71.4% green, 1.6 kg/m³ productivity), contrasting MEDIUM for blue-dependent chat (70.7%, 0.55 index) and vegetables (65.2%; Table 2; Figure 4). Sensitivity profiling showed HIGH indices for chat (rain 1.20, temp -0.90, tol. 0.20), onion, and tomato, versus LOW for sorghum (0.50, tol. 0.80), explaining 40% yield variance (r=0.65–0.85; Figure 6). Adaptive capacities stratified by scale: HIGH (0.761) for commercial (76% irrigation), LOW (0.334) for smallholders (25% financial access; Table 3). Vulnerability hotspots (28% farmlands) paired high-sensitivity/low-capacity chat/tomato in 15 kebeles, with +2°C eroding resiliencies 10–35%. Under SSP2-4.5, 25% vulnerability upticks loom, yet green buffers and sorghum anchors enable diversification. Targeted interventions, drip retrofits, tolerant varietals, could halve hotspots, fostering equitable resilience in 70% rainfed systems.
Unraveling the Crisis in Ethiopian Education: Challenges and Pathways to Sustainable Reform Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 8, No 4 (2025): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, Novemb
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v8i4.8152

Abstract

As the dawn breaks over Ethiopia on this crisp the nation’s education system, spanning the tender steps of elementary learning to the ambitious heights of higher education, stands at a poignant juncture, battered yet hopeful. This study tenderly weaves together insights from a simulated survey of 2,130 students across 12 regions, delving into the heartaches of inadequate teacher training, misguided language policies, and the quiet disengagement of communities, while nurturing equitable pathways forward. The findings resonate with human struggle and resilience: a mere 1% of English teachers soared above the 50% passing mark in 2024, a stark contrast to the 66.4% success in other subjects, revealing the training crisis that dims young minds (Ethiopian Ministry of Education, 2025). Yet, glimmers of hope emerge, community efforts yield a 34.3% enrollment boost in Oromiya and a valiant 22.9% in conflict-scarred Tigray, with a robust correlation (r = 0.87, p < 0.001) between local adoption and impact. Mother tongue instruction whispers promise, potentially lifting pass rates by 15-20% against the 96% exam failure under English policies (UNICEF, 2016). Statistical voices, through ANOVA (F = 18.9, p < 0.001) and t-tests (t = 3.45, p = 0.01), affirm regional and policy disparities. Girls in rural havens like Afar face steeper dropouts, yet community partnerships offer a 5-10% equity lift. Discussions call for tailored healing, rebuilding Amhara’s and Tigrain’s schools, igniting digital hubs in Addis Ababa, implying a 20% GDP investment to train 50,000 teachers and seed 500 community hubs yearly. Recommendations embrace mental health care, tech partnerships, and local boards, aiming to halve learning poverty by 2030. This study, with empathy at its core, charts a compassionate course to rekindle Ethiopia’s educational spirit.
Revitalizing Science Education in Ethiopia: Analyzing the Causes and Solutions for Declining Enrollment in Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 8, No 3 (2025): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, August
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v8i3.8150

Abstract

The decline in enrollment and performance in natural science disciplines (physics, chemistry, and mathematics) within Ethiopian public universities is linked to significant motivational challenges among instructors. This study aims to identify the underlying factors contributing to these challenges, focusing on political barriers, delayed rank promotions, and the absence of financial incentives. A mixed-method approach was used, incorporating survey data from 150 instructors and 30 university administrators, alongside document analysis of institutional policies. The survey revealed that 72% of respondents identified delayed promotions as a major demotivating factor, while 65% reported the absence of incentives as a critical issue. Statistical analysis indicated a strong negative correlation (r = -0.78, p < 0.05) between instructor motivation and the perceived impact of political barriers on professional growth. Administrators acknowledged these challenges but cited systemic issues such as limited funding and political constraints. The findings highlight that insufficient motivation among instructors affects student learning outcomes and engagement with science subjects. The study concludes with recommendations for establishing transparent promotion systems, introducing financial incentives, and increasing government investment in higher education. Implementing these measures would enhance faculty motivation, support innovative teaching and research, and ultimately improve student interest and performance in the natural sciences.
Refining Biological Aging Clocks: Harnessing Multi-Organ, Multi-Omics Data with Machine Learning Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 8, No 4 (2025): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, Novemb
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v8i4.8151

Abstract

The image aging as a deeply personal story, where a gentle mirror reflects not just the years you’ve lived but the vibrant health pulsing through you, guided by cutting-edge aging clocks. This study dives into crafting and testing two aging clocks, basic and refined, using synthetic data from 1,200 unique souls across Groups A, B, and C. With 12 biomarkers as our guide, we shaped these clocks with linear and Ridge regression, achieving a heartwarming near-perfect match to biological age, missing by just 1.81 years on average, with an R² of 0.99 for both. In imagined clinical moments, a 30% dip in Delta Age after intervention and a strong bond between faster aging and lower therapy adherence (r = -0.587, p = 4.558e-112) showed these clocks’ promise. Response to help varied warmly, 68.6% for Group A, 67.4% for Group B, and 62.5% for Group C, hinting at our diverse human hues. The pre- and post-intervention shifts and adherence shaping age, while Table 1 unpacks a logistic model where chronological age (coefficient 0.0941, p < 0.001) steals the spotlight. Though our synthetic world softens life’s rough edges, these clocks offer a tender start for personalized care. They whisper hope for tailoring treatments and watching progress, though real-life validation will bring the full story to light.
Tunneling Through Barriers: A Quantum Leap Frog Framework for Conflict Transformation in Israel-Gaza Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, April
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i2.8153

Abstract

This study synthesizes quantum analogies superposition, entanglement, and tunneling—into the Quantum Leap Frog (QLF) Framework for modeling and resolving intractable social conflicts, with empirical application to the Israel-Gaza crisis as of October 2025. Drawing from quantum cognition, game theory, and social dynamics literature, the framework maps conflict landscapes as multi-well potentials, identifying trapped states like violent escalation minima (depth -0.6) and negotiation deadlocks (stability 0.87). Evaluations reveal QLF's advantages in non-linear strategy (0.9 score) and parallel interventions (0.85), outperforming classical diplomacy (0.4 efficacy) by 52% in simulations. Barrier analyses highlight ideological heights (0.9) and security dilemmas (0.8), with tunneling probabilities averaging 0.475 under current K=1.0, scalable to 0.68 via third-party boosts. Phased strategies, stabilization (0.8 efficacies), transformation (0.7), institutionalization (0.9 forecast 60% resolution by 2030, reducing recurrence 75% versus baselines. Ethical compliance averages 0.78, emphasizing human dignity (0.85). Trap networks entangle psychological (0.8) and historical (0.7) factors, explaining 85% non-separable actions. Overall, QLF heralds a paradigm shift, bridging physical-social ontologies for holistic peacebuilding amid 2025 quantum year advancements.
Co-Authors Abas, Ermias Alemu, Yonas Tadesse Ayalew, Anteneh Berhanu, Hana Cheiklu, Robel Cheru, Nega Fitria Fitria Lakew, Eyoel Merga, Bikila Misganu, Tewodros Muhammad Ridwan Muhammad Ridwan Ramlan, H. Silalahi, Nurvita Sari Musdiani Simegn, Tigist Weldeamueal, Melaku Masresha Woldeamanue, Melaku Masresha Woldeamanueal, Melaku Masresha Woldeamaueal, Melaku Masresha