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The Standard Digital Agreement For Shopee Pay Later Users In Terms Of Consumer Protection Laws Perspective Attamimi, Zeehan Fuad; Marsitiningsih; Nurul Aulia
Law and Justice Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024): Law and Justice
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/laj.v9i1.5137

Abstract

The technological landscape in Indonesia has rapidly evolved with the emergence of various platforms/applications utilized by Indonesian society. One of significant technological advancement in Indonesia is Financial Technology (Fintech). Fintech is a form of financial-based application with various service features. The service features within Fintech offer broader benefits and convenience to users under a single platform enhancing simplicity. Shopee PayLater (SPayLater) is one of the various types of Fintech in Indonesia. SPayLater is a service offered within the Shopee application. The service feature of SPayLater includes buyer-seller transactions facilitated using installment payment methods according to specified periods. This article differs from others that solely discuss conventional commercial transactions, as it specifically examines transactions enabled by Fintech. The methodology employed in this article adopts a normative juridical research approach, incorporating legislative analysis presented in a descriptive-analytical narrative format. The results of this study indicate that transactions involving installment payments are formalized through a standardized agreement, a type of contract unilaterally prepared by SPayLater as the service provider, without any bargaining position. This arrangement may lead to an imbalance contrary to the principle of balanced agreements. The inclusion of exoneration clauses within standard agreements could potentially disadvantage users. Therefore, consumer protection measures are necessary to oversee service providers, who are the architects of contract clauses, in compliance with consumer protection laws as a form of reactive approach. Additionally, introducing agreement features involving user participation in negotiations with service providers is essential to establish a balanced bargaining position, ultimately ensuring equitable agreements as a preventive measure.   Lanskap teknologi di Indonesia telah berkembang pesat dengan munculnya berbagai platform. Salah satu kemajuan teknologi yang cukup signifikan di Indonesia adalah financial technology (Fintech). Fintech merupakan salah satu bentuk aplikasi berbasis keuangan dengan berbagai fitur layanan. Shopee PayLater (SPayLater) merupakan salah satu dari berbagai jenis fintech yang ada di Indonesia. SPayLater adalah layanan yang ditawarkan dalam aplikasi Shopee. Fitur layanan dari SPayLater antara lain transaksi pembeli-penjual yang difasilitasi dengan metode pembayaran cicilan sesuai periode yang ditentukan. Artikel ini berbeda dengan artikel lain yang hanya membahas transaksi komersial konvensional. Tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengulas perjanjian baku pada transaksi yang dilakukan oleh Fintech dan penggunanya dari sudut pandang Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa transaksi yang melibatkan pembayaran cicilan diformalkan melalui perjanjian baku, yaitu jenis kontrak yang dibuat secara sepihak oleh SPayLater sebagai penyedia layanan, tanpa adanya posisi tawar-menawar. Pengaturan ini dapat menimbulkan ketidakseimbangan yang bertentangan dengan asas perjanjian yang seimbang. Pencantuman klausula eksonerasi dalam perjanjian baku berpotensi merugikan pengguna. Oleh karena itu, langkah-langkah perlindungan konsumen diperlukan untuk mengawasi penyedia layanan, yang merupakan arsitek klausul kontrak, agar sesuai dengan undang-undang perlindungan konsumen sebagai bentuk pendekatan reaktif. Selain itu, fitur perjanjian yang melibatkan partisipasi pengguna dalam negosiasi dengan penyedia layanan sangat penting untuk membangun posisi tawar yang seimbang, yang pada akhirnya memastikan perjanjian yang adil sebagai tindakan pencegahan.
Kedudukan Akta Notaris Terhadap Hak Cipta Dalam Memberikan Kepastian Hukum Sebagai Jaminan Fidusia Syamkirana, Ade; Efendi, Abidillah; Marsitiningsih
Pamulang Law Review Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): November : Pamulang Law Review
Publisher : Prodi Hukum S1 - Fakultas Hukum - Universitas Pamulang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Fiduciary guarantees in the form of copyright in the making of the deed require the knowledge of the Notary who made the deed and registered the guarantee, especially related to the value of the collateral required in Article 6 of the Fiduciary Guarantee Law to be contained in the Fiduciary Guarantee Deed. This condition in principle has actually been overestimated by experts. First, it is not clear the purpose of mentioning the value of the collateral object in a deed because the amount of the value of the collateral object does not affect the validity of the collateral in question; Second, there is no clarity on who should decide the matter; Third, if the value entered does not match reality, it is not clear who will be responsible for it. However, in connection with this is an absolute requirement of the content of the fiduciary guarantee deed, the determination of the economic value of the object of the guarantee must be carried out as best as possible in order to provide legal certainty for the parties. And in relation to copyright, knowledge is needed related to the proper mechanism for determining economic value so that there is legal certainty for both parties regarding whether the value of the guarantee and the value of the collateral object are appropriate, so that the creditor is harmed because of the inconsistency of the value of the object with the value of the collateral.