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All Journal Konfrontasi: Jurnal Kultural, Ekonomi dan Perubahan Sosial Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal (BIoEx Journal)
Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina Baholy
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Religion Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Social Sciences

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Impacts of the Use of Facebook on Foreign Language Learning among Malagasy High School Students in Analamanga Andrianjary Myriam; Rahanetra Dina; Rakotoson Olivia; Fidelio Arnold; Ratiarimananjatovo Narindra; Ratsimandisa Haritiana Zo; Rakotomalala Nivomboahangy Razanamiarisoa; Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua; Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina Baholy
Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal Vol 6 No 3 (2024): Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences, October
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/biohs.v6i3.1183

Abstract

In an increasingly interconnected world, digital tools are rapidly revolutionizing the methods of teaching and learning foreign languages. In Madagascar, a nation undergoing continuous development, the use of the social platform Facebook is emerging as a powerful catalyst for practicing foreign languages such as French and English for secondary school students. In the digital era, where geographical boundaries are losing significance and learning opportunities are endless, the question emerges: "How can the use of Facebook benefit the learning of foreign languages in Malagasy secondary schools?" Despite the prominent status of these international languages and their importance for development, many challenges remain in making them accessible to all. Even after six years of studying English and starting French from their first year of school, secondary school students still face obstacles in learning and practicing these languages, particularly in vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, oral expression, and motivation. In this context, a study conducted during the 2023-2024 school year over a two-month period surveyed 78 students in the 10th, 11th, and 12th grades at FJKM Rasalama Manjakaray College, Lycée Privé Fanovozantsoa Ivato, FJKM Fahasoavana Androndra College, FJKM Andriamanarefo High School, and Lycée Privé Rakoto Benjamin Jean Ambohidroa in Antananarivo on their use of Facebook to practice French and English in their daily lives. Simultaneously, 11 French and English teachers were also interviewed about the impact of this social network on their teaching practices and the learning of these foreign languages. The results revealed that many students use this platform as a valuable tool for learning and practicing foreign languages, particularly for acquiring new vocabulary and improving pronunciation, as well as in commenting on posts in French and English. Similarly, the teachers interviewed reported concrete benefits, such as increased student motivation through listening to and watching videos selected or recommended by native teachers or by the students themselves, as well as their active participation in French and English-speaking groups. Despite these advantages, spelling and/or grammar mistakes are observed on social networks, which may undermine their reliability as educational models. Therefore, it is important to find reliable and professional pages and groups, such as those recommended by teachers. The aim of this study is to highlight the importance and effectiveness of social networks as a platform for learning foreign languages in Malagasy schools. This underscores the vital importance of new technologies as innovative tools in the field of education in Madagascar, offering young people unprecedented access to educational resources.
Child Begging As an Exploitative Labor Practice: A Study Of Begging Children in Unlikely, Antananarivo, Madagascar Ramiadamahefa Tojoniaina; Solofomiarana Rapanoel Bruno Allain; Andrianjary Myriam; Rahajamanana Jasmin; Ratiarimananjatovo Narindra; Ratsimandisa Haritiana Zo; Koto-Te-Nyiwa Ngbolua; Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina Baholy
Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal Vol 6 No 3 (2024): Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences, October
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/biohs.v6i3.1184

Abstract

This study examines child begging in Analakely, a neighborhood of the Malagasy capital, by exploring the socio-economic, cultural, and familial dynamics that perpetuate this practice. Through daily interviews with children and adults over five days, a deductive approach was used to test hypotheses based on Bourdieu's theory of genetic structuralism. The analysis reveals that children are often introduced to begging at a young age, internalizing values such as family solidarity, resourcefulness, and dignity in poverty, which reinforce their commitment to this practice. Social networks within these communities play a crucial role by providing children with the resources needed to survive and instilling in them a perception of begging as a socially and economically viable activity. This research highlights the need for an integrated and comprehensive approach to address child begging by targeting the underlying causes of this phenomenon.
Phytonutraceutical composition of dark green, light green, and white varieties of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw (Chayote) cooked by different methods from the Vontovorona market, Alakamisy Fenoarivo Commune, in the context of a zero-waste circular economy Rakotomamonjy Pierre; Ralaibia Boniface Erménégilde; Letsara Rokiman; Razafindrazanakolona Daniel; Rakotomalala Iarivontsoa Nekena Sahaza; Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua; Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina Baholy
Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal Vol 6 No 3 (2024): Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal, September
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/bioex.v6i3.1162

Abstract

Three distinct varieties of Sechium edule (dark green, light green, and white) were procured from the Vontovorona open-air market. The chayotes were thoroughly washed and peeled, and their peel, flesh, and seed, whether raw, boiled, or steamed were analyzed for their phytonutraceutical components. Each part was then dried in a dehydrator at 41°C for 48 hours, ground, and placed in sachets. Mineral micronutrient content was assessed using portable X-ray fluorescence equipment, revealing magnesium as the predominant element across all varieties. Specifically, magnesium content in the dark green variety ranged from 1.01% to 2.32%, in the light green variety from 1.13% to 2.32%, and in the white variety from 1.64% to 3.42%. Macronutrient analysis, performed via the Kjeldahl method, indicated moisture content variations in the dark green variety from 84.58% to 90.37%, in the light green variety from 72.87% to 91.74%, and in the white variety from 84.93% to 92.87%. Phytochemical screening identified the presence of flavonols specifically in the raw white variety.
Navigating the Complexities of Advancing Human Rights in Madagascar: Persistent Challenges and Opportunities for Reform Ratsimandisa Haritiana Zo; Rakotomalala Nivomboahangy Razanamiarisoa; Andrianjary Myriam; Razanadrasoa Vololonome Bodomalala; Ratiarimanajatovo Narindra; Ramiadamahefa Tojoniaina; Solofomiarana Rapanoel Bruno Allain; Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina Baholy
Konfrontasi: Jurnal Kultural, Ekonomi dan Perubahan Sosial Vol 11 No 3 (2024): Konfrontasi, September
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/konfrontasi2.v11i3.307

Abstract

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted in 1948, remains a powerful testament to humanity's collective commitment to dignity, freedom, and equality. Emerging in the aftermath of global atrocities, it provided a framework for the protection of civil, political, social, economic, and cultural rights. Although Madagascar was under French colonial rule at the time of its adoption, the country drew inspiration from its principles when drafting its post-independence constitutions. Despite the global recognition of these rights, violations continue to persist, both internationally and within Madagascar, where political crises have exacerbated human rights challenges. Torture, arbitrary detention, and extrajudicial executions still occur, though efforts at reform have been notable, supported by various national and international programs. Since independence, Madagascar has faced repeated cycles of political instability, marked by popular uprisings in 1972, 1991, 2002, and 2009. Each of these events contributed to the erosion of the country’s socio-economic fabric, culminating in the 2009 crisis, which led to widespread poverty and weakened state institutions. Although constitutional order was restored in 2013, reinforcing human rights remains an ongoing challenge. The legitimacy of power and public trust in political leadership, particularly in nations like Madagascar where democracy is an imitation of Western models, is tenuous. Fundamental freedoms, though enshrined in the Constitution, are not always fully realized, especially concerning freedom of expression. Media ownership, concentrated among political elites and business figures, has compromised media independence and pluralism. Additionally, the political participation of women remains hindered by the absence of affirmative action and political will. Nonetheless, there are opportunities to address these systemic issues. Strengthening gender equality, enhancing media pluralism, and ensuring adherence to human rights principles are essential steps toward sustainable development and the promotion of democracy in Madagascar.
Innovative Commons-Based Management for Madagascar's Protected Areas Ramasinoro Naly; Etienne Stefano Raherimalala; Sigrid Aubert; Andrianjary Myriam; Tsimiondrike Mahasoa; Ratiarimananjatovo Narindra; Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua; Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina Baholy
Konfrontasi: Jurnal Kultural, Ekonomi dan Perubahan Sosial Vol 11 No 3 (2024): Konfrontasi, September
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/konfrontasi2.v11i3.308

Abstract

Faced with the rapid degradation of ecosystems, the ecological emergency is now undeniable according to global scientific analyses. In this context, protected areas, through shared governance, have emerged as one of the most effective strategies for preserving biodiversity and ultimately ensuring the survival of humanity. Madagascar, which has embraced this shared governance, relies on its local communities, the fokonolona, to ensure its effectiveness. However, these communities, living in precarious conditions, are heavily dependent on natural resources for their livelihoods and benefit little from the advantages of protected areas. Their adherence to the concept of protected areas remains uncertain. A field study revealed that while 52% support the concept of protected areas, 44% are not convinced. Nevertheless, since it is a state policy, all natural resource users have accepted it. One of the primary motivations for the fokonolona is the preservation of their cultural and natural heritage. They therefore advocate for joint co-management that guarantees their participation in inclusive local governance for their engagement in the protected area. 93% of respondents believe that this co-management should be conducted through a commons-based approach, which is well-rooted in their organization. Even other users, in order to defend their interests, aspire to this approach where all users define the rules for resource management themselves. However, this commons-based approach does not seem suitable for all categories of protected areas, including natural parks, which is the option chosen by the manager for Sahamalaza – Iles Radama.
Reducing Unemployment Through Informal Fishing in the Urban Commune of Toliara, Madagascar Andrianjafy Philippe Patrick; Andrianjary Myriam; Rahajamanana Jasmin; Razanadrasoa Vololonome Bodomalala; Ratiarimanajatovo Narindra; Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina Baholy
Konfrontasi: Jurnal Kultural, Ekonomi dan Perubahan Sosial Vol 11 No 3 (2024): Konfrontasi, September
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/konfrontasi2.v11i3.309

Abstract

The aim of this article is to analyze the informal sector in Madagascar to determine whether it truly constitutes an effective solution for reducing unemployment. To this end, a representative survey was conducted in the Urban Commune of Toliara focused on the fishing industry. This sector has gradually become a key part of the overall economic organization, evolving into an element of balance and a factor of social stability, forming the basis for territorial dynamics. At the national level, it accounts for 7% of the gross domestic product, provides approximately 1.5 million direct and indirect jobs, and represents 6.6 percent of exports, making it a fundamental sector of the economy. Through various theoretical and empirical analyses, this article seeks to offer insights into the real contribution of the informal sector to employment integration and the economy of fishing households, both in Madagascar at large and specifically in the Urban Commune of Toliara. The results of research conducted with a sample of 250 fishermen from this capital of the Atsimo-Andrefana region shed light on the informal sector’s capacity to complement or strengthen the formal economy of households in terms of creating stable jobs and income.
Mitigating Turbidity in the Mandroseza Basin: Potential of High-Flow Pump Integration with Flocculant-Assisted Decantation Pretreatment Andrianarivony Tiona; Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina Baholy
Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal, May
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/bioex.v7i2.1307

Abstract

The increasing challenge of sediment-laden inflows to the Mandroseza Basin, the primary raw water source for Antananarivo, Madagascar, necessitates effective pretreatment strategies to safeguard water treatment plant efficiency. This study investigates the integration of a high-flow pumping system with flocculant-assisted decantation to mitigate seasonal turbidity spikes. Laboratory-scale static and dynamic sedimentation tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of aluminium sulfate, sodium silicate, cationic polyacrylamide (PAM), and polyethylene oxide (PEO). Results from jar tests indicated optimal dosage ranges for each flocculant, guiding subsequent dynamic settling experiments under simulated operational conditions. PAM, at 5-6 mg/kg, and PEO, at 17-18 mg/kg, consistently outperformed sodium silicate, demonstrating superior supernatant clarity (TSS of 46 mg/L and 35 mg/L, respectively) and enhanced sludge compaction. Flattening tests further confirmed the cohesive and dense nature of PAM and PEO-induced sludge. While sodium silicate offered moderate performance, its lower efficiency in fine particulate removal makes it less suitable for stringent clarity requirements. The findings suggest that integrating optimized PAM or PEO dosing with high-flow conveyance presents a promising, scalable solution for managing turbidity at the intake, reducing the load on downstream treatment processes and improving overall plant sustainability. Future research should focus on field validation and comprehensive cost-benefit analysis for large-scale implementation in urban water supply systems facing similar seasonal sedimentation challenges.
Evaluation of Remote Sensing Data for the Identification of Lake-Stream Behavior during Normal and Cyclonic Seasons: The Case of Lake Alaotra, Madagascar Rabotovao Sebas David; Ratsimbazafy Aro Pascal; Andriazafinahazo Fridolin; Rajaonah Rabevala; Razafindrazanakolona Andrianjafimanjato Daniel; Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina Baholy
Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal, May
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/bioex.v7i2.1310

Abstract

Employing a synergistic approach integrating remote sensing and environmental science, this investigation rigorously examined the spatio-temporal dynamics of Lake Alaotra, Madagascar, under baseline seasonal conditions. The study elucidates the significant potential of satellite-derived data, coupled with advanced geospatial analytics, for precise mapping and comprehensive monitoring of intricate hydrological systems within diverse environmental contexts. Multi-temporal satellite imagery facilitated the accurate delineation of the lake's spatial extent, the quantification of seasonal fluctuations in its surface area, and the detection of inter-annual changes. Multivariate analysis of environmental covariates, including climatic oscillations, anthropogenic pressures, and inherent topographical attributes, enabled the identification and hierarchical prioritization of factors influencing the lake's hydrological regime. These findings yield critical evidence-based insights for informed decision-making in water resource management and environmental conservation strategies within Madagascar. Furthermore, scenario-driven predictive modeling of future hydrographic network modifications provides a crucial anticipatory framework for addressing potential challenges related to water availability across the nation, thereby enabling proactive planning and the implementation of targeted adaptation measures to mitigate adverse impacts. This research underscores the indispensable and evolving role of remote sensing technologies in the continuous monitoring of vital water resources and environmental integrity, demonstrating the efficacy of combining satellite data streams, sophisticated analytical methodologies, and remote sensing expertise to address salient environmental challenges in ecologically sensitive regions such as Madagascar.
Phytochemical study and structural determination of the isolated product of Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae) Andrianarijaona Mamy; Ralaivaon-dratsitonta Jumaël Edith Fabrice; Fatiany Pierre Ruphin; Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina Baholy
Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal Vol 7 No 3 (2025): Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal, September
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/bioex.v7i3.1356

Abstract

A phytochemical and structural study of the leaves of Ricinus communis (castor bean plant) was conducted to identify and characterize its active compounds. The plant material, sourced from Madagascar, was subjected to sequential maceration with solvents of increasing polarity, yielding hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), and methanolic extracts. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of polysaccharides as the most abundant components, with moderate amounts of steroids and low concentrations of alkaloids and saponins. The DCM extract was further purified using thin-layer chromatography and column chromatography, leading to the isolation of a pure compound. Structural elucidation was performed using mass spectrometry (EI-MS) and one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, including 1H, 13C, and DEPT-135 experiments. The spectroscopic data established a molecular formula of C28H46O and a tetracyclic steroid structure with two degrees of unsaturation. A comparison of the obtained chemical shifts with those reported in the literature confirmed the compound's identity as Brassicosterol, a key phytosterol.
Phytochemical Analysis of a Medicinal Plant Senna Alata (Fabaceae) Andrianarijaona Mamy; Ralaivaon-Dratsitonta Jumaël Edith Fabrice; Fatiany Pierre Ruphin; Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina Baholy
Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal Vol 7 No 3 (2025): Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal, September
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/bioex.v7i3.1360

Abstract

A preliminary phytochemical study was conducted on the bark of Senna alata, a medicinal plant widely used in Madagascar, to identify and isolate its chemical constituents. This plant is traditionally used for various ailments, including dermatological and respiratory issues. A sequential solid-liquid extraction with solvents of increasing polarity—hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), and ethanol—was performed, with the polar ethanol extract yielding the highest mass. Phytochemical screening of the hydroethanolic extract confirmed the presence of several compound classes. Abundant polysaccharides and flavonoids were detected, along with low concentrations of alkaloids, steroids, saponins, and polyphenols. The DCM extract was then subjected to column chromatography, with fractions monitored by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), which was also used to optimize the solvent system for separation. This process isolated two pure fractions, F28-34 and F61-69. The more abundant fraction, F61-69 (8 mg), was selected for structural elucidation. Mass spectrometry revealed a molecular ion peak at m/z 400, establishing the compound's molecular weight. Subsequent analysis by 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy revealed a characteristic steroid skeleton. The compound contains 28 carbons and its Double Bond Equivalence (DBE) was calculated as 5, corresponding to four rings and one double bond. Based on the comprehensive spectroscopic data and a comparison to literature, the compound was definitively identified as Campesterol.
Co-Authors Andrianarijaona Mamy Andrianarimanana Jean Claude Omer Andrianarivony Tiona Andrianiaina Solo Raivo Lyh Raphaël Andrianjafy Philippe Patrick Andrianjary Myriam Andriazafinahazo Fridolin Etienne Stefano Raherimalala Fatiany Pierre Ruphin Fidelio Arnold Fidelio Arnold Ulrich Henri, Ratojoarivelo Setriniaina Herimanantena Miarantsoa Tinah Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Letsara Rokiman Rabarison Rindra Rabeharitsara Andry Tahina Rabotovao Sebas David Rafaramalala Dyna Rahajamanana Jasmin Rahanetra Dina Raherimalala Etienne Stefano Rajaonah Rabevala Rakotomalala Iarivontsoa Nekena Sahaza Rakotomalala Nivomboahangy Razanamiarisoa Rakotomamonjy Pierre Rakotorahalahy Njaka Herihajatsilaozana Elisabeth Rakotoson Olivia Ralaibia Boniface Erménégilde Ralaivaon-dratsitonta Jumaël Edith Fabrice Ralaivaon-Tsitonta Jumael Edith Fabrice Ramangarijaona Simon Ludovic Ramarolahy Patricia Josette Ramasinoro Naly Ramiadamahefa Tojoniaina Ranjatson Jean Patrick Rasoloarivony Theis Lala Ratiarimanajatovo Narindra Ratiarimananjatovo Narindra Ratojoarivelo Setriniaina Henri Ratsimandisa Haritiana Zo Ratsimbazafy Ratsimbazafy Aro Pascal Ravelo Bruno Eugène Maxime Ravelomanantsoa Ramanambe Nicole Ravelonjatovo Haja Herilala Razafimahefa Mirana Verohanitra Razafindrakoto Fanoina Ny Riana Razafindrazanakolona Andrianjafimanjato Daniel Razafindrazanakolona Daniel Razafindrazanakolona, Daniel Razakatiana Andriamampitasoa Daniel José Razanadrasoa Vololonome Bodomalala Razanamparany Bruno Rejo Robert Rindra, Rabarison Sahala, Rakotomalalaridio Antsa Sigrid Aubert Solofomiarana Rapanoel Bruno Allain Tsimiondrike Mahasoa