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Journal : Industrial and Domestic Waste Management

Phytoremediation of Microplastics: A Perspective on Its Practicality Tang, Kuok Ho Daniel
Industrial and Domestic Waste Management Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2023
Publisher : Tecno Scientifica Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53623/idwm.v3i2.291

Abstract

Microplastics have permeated all parts of the environment, rendering their removal essential. Numerous strategies ranging from the physical removal of mismanaged plastic items to the biodegradation of microplastics with microorganisms and biocatalysts have been proposed to alleviate microplastic pollution. Phytoremediation is one of the plastic-removing strategies, but it has not received much attention. This perspective paper aims to review the phytoremediation of microplastics and discuss its practicality. The paper shows that plants could act as interceptors and a temporary sink of microplastics by facilitating their deposition, adsorbing them, trapping them in the root zone, enabling them to cluster on the roots, taking them up, translocating them, and accumulating them in various plant parts. However, there was a lack of evidence pointing to the degradation of microplastics after they were adsorbed, taken up, and stored. Weak adsorption and environmental factors may cause the trapped microplastics to desorb, resuspend, or evade, thus also making plants a source of microplastics. The microplastics trapped and accumulated in plants may be transferred to the higher trophic levels of the food chain through ingestion and raise concerns over their ecotoxicities. Unlike localized pollution, microplastic pollution is widespread, which limits the applicability of phytoremediation. Besides, microplastics could adversely impact plant health and the ability of plants to remove other environmental pollutants. These drawbacks may reduce the attractiveness of phytoremediation unless it can be effectively combined with bioremediation to degrade microplastics.
Malaysia Moving Towards a Sustainability Municipal Waste Management Tang, Yien Yu; Tang, Kuok Ho Daniel; Maharjan, Amit Kumar; Abdul Aziz, Azrina; Bunrith, Seng
Industrial and Domestic Waste Management Volume 1 - Issue 1 - 2021
Publisher : Tecno Scientifica Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (490.167 KB) | DOI: 10.53623/idwm.v1i1.51

Abstract

The elevation of waste generation subsequent to population growth has become a severe environmental topic in Malaysia. Since most of the waste is being dumped into a landfill, the open dumpsite, or unsanitary landfills which are not constructed with proper engineering plan, severe impacts on the environment result. The energy demand in Malaysia increased with the growing population, but reliance on fossil fuels to generate electricity has created another greenhouse gas contributor. Alternatively, waste-to-energy technology solves the problem of increasing waste by converting the waste to a renewable energy source. Malaysia has moved towards landfill gas recovery system and incineration for waste energy recovery. The recovery system and refuse-derived fuel plant achieved expectation; however, the incineration plants have failed due to the opposition of the public, lack of funding and technician expertise, and other technical issues. The solid waste management practices lacking separation and recycling sources, become an obstacle for development. The government puts effort into solving the current issue by promoting recycling in the public, enforcing the legislation, and approaching new technologies for better solid waste management practice in the future. This paper aims to discuss the application of energy recovery from municipal solid waste in Malaysia.
Removal of Cresol Red by Adsorption Using Wastepaper Salman, Mohamad; Demir, Muslum; Tang, Kuok Ho Daniel; Cao, Linh Thi Thuy; Bunrith, Seng; Chen, Tse-Wei; Darwish, Noura M.; AlMunqedhi, Bandar M.; Hadibarata, Tony
Industrial and Domestic Waste Management Volume 2 - Issue 1 - 2022
Publisher : Tecno Scientifica Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (459.596 KB) | DOI: 10.53623/idwm.v2i1.63

Abstract

The utilization of less expensive and more effective adsorbents derived from a variety of basic materials has been investigated. The research aimed to investigate the feasibility of employing waste paper as the adsorbent to remove the cresol red (CR) dye from wastewater through adsorption mechanism. Langmuir, Jovanovic, and Freundlich model were observed for isotherms models, while pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order were examined for kinetic models. The results indicated that increasing the adsorbent dose and contact time gave no significant effect to adsorption capacity while adsorption capacity increased with the increasing of pH until it reached a maximum at pH 8, and raising the starting dye concentration leads in a significant increase in adsorption capacity (16.7 mg/g). When the experimental adsorption isotherms and kinetic were fitted using the Freundlich models and pseudo-second-order model, it was discovered that those models were more accurately represented by the data, as indicated by a high correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.974 and 0.963.
Medical Waste during COVID-19 Pandemic: Its Types, Abundance, Impacts and Implications Tang, Kuok Ho Daniel
Industrial and Domestic Waste Management Volume 2 - Issue 2 - 2022
Publisher : Tecno Scientifica Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53623/idwm.v2i2.117

Abstract

COVID-19 has resulted in an abrupt and significant increase in medical waste, albeit with improving air and water quality in certain regions. This paper aims to review the types, abundance, and impacts of COVID-19-related medical waste through examining the contents of 54 peer-reviewed scholarly papers. COVID-19-related medical waste compositions vary over time, with COVID-19 screening, diagnostic, and treatment wastes, as well as used personal protective equipment (PPE), constituting the majority of medical waste at the start, followed by vaccination waste during the peak of vaccination. COVID-19-related medical waste is expected to decrease and steady as more and more countries relax restrictions in an attempt to live with COVID-19. Geographically, the amount of COVID-19-related medical waste depends on population size, with highly-populated countries and cities such as China, Manila, Jakarta, and Bangkok seeing or expected to see a hike in the waste of between 210 tonnes/day and 280 tonnes/day during COVID-19. Packaging of the medical and PPE items forming the medical waste stream also contributes to a substantial amount of waste. As plastics are a major component of medical waste, the increase in COVID-19-related medical waste and its mismanagement have worsened environmental pollution caused by plastics. The surge of medical waste during COVID-19 strained the existing medical waste disposal systems, and incineration of the waste contributed to air pollution, which was often localized. Mismanagement of the waste could also raise public health concerns and cause visual repercussions.