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Peran Lembaga Pengkajian Pangan, Obat-obatan, dan Kosmetika Majelis Ulama Indonesia (LPPOM MUI) sebagai Nonstate Actor dalam Perkembangan Industri Halal di ASEAN Kamila, Zahra Shaffa; Suryadipura, Dadan; Khairani, Nahdya
Padjadjaran Journal of International Relations Vol 6, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/padjir.v6i2.56370

Abstract

Artikel ini membahas peran LPPOM MUI sebagai nonstate actors dalam usaha perkembangan industri halal di ASEAN. Peran nonstate actors tersebut akan dianalisis melalui elemen-elemen yang diuraikan oleh Hilary French dalam modelnya, yaitu: information brokering, influencing, monitoring, dan representing. Isu ini diteliti karena industri halal dinilai sebagai salah satu faktor penggerak ekonomi ASEAN, mengingat wilayah ini memiliki keunggulan dari total populasi 25% umat Muslim seluruh dunia dan memiliki dua negara (Indonesia dan Malaysia) yang terdepan dalam sertifikasi halalnya. Dalam perkembangan industri halal ASEAN, telah ditemukan tantangan dalam usaha harmonisasi standar halal karena kurangnya sinergisitas antaraktor di wilayah tersebut. Melalui metode penelitian kualitatif ditemukan bahwa peran LPPOM MUI sebagai nonstate actor dalam perkembangan industri halal ASEAN masih minim, terutama setelah berlakunya Undang-undang Jaminan Produk Halal (UU JPH) di Indonesia. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa masih ada gap partisipasi di antara nonstate actor dengan aktor-aktor lainnya di ASEAN. Maka, direkomendasikan pelibatan nonstate actors dalam negosiasi isu halal yang berlangsung dalam skala ASEAN dan memperjelas peran mereka dalam standar halal ataupun persetujuan yang nantinya akan berlaku di antara negara anggota ASEAN agar integrasi industri halal regional di kawasan Asia Tenggara terpenuhi.This article discusses the role of LPPOM MUI as a nonstate actor in efforts to develop the halal industry in ASEAN. The role of nonstate actors will be analyzed through the elements as described by Hilary French in her model, namely: information brokering, influencing, monitoring, and representing. Halal industry is considered to be one of the driving factors for the ASEAN economy, considering this region has the advantage of a total population of 25% of Muslims throughout the world. ASEAN has two countries (Indonesia and Malaysia) that are leading in terms of halal certification. Challenges have been found in efforts to harmonize halal standards in ASEAN since there is lack of synergy between actors in the region. Through qualitative methods, the author found that the role of LPPOM MUI as nonstate actor is still minimal, especially after the enactment of the JPH Law in Indonesia. This article finds that there is still a participation gap between nonstate actors and other actors in ASEAN. Therefore, the author recommends involving nonstate actors in negotiations on halal issues and clarifying their role in halal standards or agreements that will later apply among ASEAN member countries, in order to fulfill the dream of a more integrative regional halal industry.
China’s Health Diplomacy to ASEAN through ASEAN-China Comprehensive Strategic Partnership 2021-2025 Kamila, Zahra Shaffa; Sari, Deasy Silvya
Journal of Strategic and Global Studies Vol. 9, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The world always faces limitations in dealing with the pandemic. China had emerged as an active actor in health diplomacy to address this. China was the first country to send vaccines and health aid to Southeast Asia through ASEAN. However, the relationship between China and ASEAN did not begin with the pandemic. Both countries have a long history and recently renewed their plan of action (POA), which serves as evidence of their relationship namely the ASEAN-China Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (CSP) 2021-2025. The POA includes a sub-chapter on health that navigates China's health diplomacy towards ASEAN. Therefore, this research aimed to examine China's health diplomacy towards ASEAN within the framework of the ASEAN-China CSP 2021-2025. This paper utilized the concepts of health diplomacy forms by Rudolf (2021), health diplomacy factors by Kickbusch (2013), and health diplomacy instruments by Bertorelli et al. (2013). This research used qualitative methods, with data collection process through official archives, documents, and internet-based research. This study found that China practiced health diplomacy towards ASEAN through two shapes: vaccine diplomacy and mask diplomacy. Factors in China's health diplomacy include: (i) joint action; (ii) the involvement of academics and scientists; (iii) the complexity of negotiations through hierarchical dialogue; (iv) alleviating equity issues regarding health in ASEAN; and (v) institutionalization features fulfilled through the ACCF. China's health diplomacy used operative and collaborative instrument realized through the consensus and implementation of the ASEAN-China CSP 2021-2025.