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All Journal Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Sirante, Richard Martin
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Engineering Environmental Science Physics Social Sciences Other

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Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Water Sources from Selected Regions in Yola North, Adamawa State, Nigeria Stephen, Hyelda; Bassi, Wasinda Nuhu; Sirante, Richard Martin; Alli, Rejoice Monday
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 2 No 3 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v2i3.3852

Abstract

Access to clean drinking water is essential for sustainable development and human health, but heavy metal contamination poses a significant threat. This study assessed health risks linked to heavy metals in drinking and household water sources in Yola North. Water samples from surface water (Benue River), groundwater (wells and boreholes), and tap water were analysed for physicochemical properties and heavy metal content. The average daily dosage (ADD), hazard quotient (HQ), and hazard index were estimated to assess the non-carcinogenic risk (HI) and carcinogenic risk (LCR) of heavy metals from the study water sources. The physicochemical properties of water samples showed pH values within WHO limits, with temperature ranging from 23°C to 32°C, turbidity within acceptable levels, electrical conductivity varying significantly, and total dissolved solids generally meeting WHO standards. The levels of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) exceeded WHO guidelines in all water samples, with the highest concentrations found in tap water (90 μg/L Cd) and surface water (210 μg/L Pb). There were considerable non-carcinogenic hazards indicated by the HQ and HI values for Pb and Cd via ingestion exceeding the threshold of 1. The LCR estimates revealed carcinogenic risks from Cd exposure in all water sources and elevated cancer risk from arsenic in surface water and tap water. Across all sources, lead presented a tolerable cancer risk. The study emphasises how critical it is to implement mitigation plans and other measures to address heavy metal contamination in the area's water sources.
Antinociceptive Potential of Dichloromethane Extract of Rumex acetosa Leaf in Albino Rats Stephen, Hyelda; Nakya, Faith Emmanuel; Sirante, Richard Martin
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 5 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i5.3857

Abstract

Rumex acetosa (Polygonaceae) is an ethnomedicinal herb and vegetable used to alleviate pain and inflammation. It is also commonly consumed as food. This study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of dichloromethane extracts from R. acetosa leaves using in vivo pharmacological models in albino rats. Dried leaf powder was extracted by maceration with dichloromethane (72 h). Acute oral toxicity was determined per OECD guidelines. Analgesic activity was assessed using tail immersion, hot plate (55°C) and acetic acid-induced writhing (0.7%) tests at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight. Diclofenac sodium (25 mg/kg) served as reference drug. Phytochemical analysis was undertaken to screen major chemical classes. All doses of extract significantly (p<0.05) increased mean basal latency of tail withdrawal and hind paw licking by 46-162% and 63-207% respectively. Maximum analgesic effect comparable to diclofenac was observed at 200 mg/kg. In acetic acid model, extract exhibited marked (p<0.05) reduction in writhing frequency (55.49%) indicative of peripheral action. Preliminary phytochemical studies detected flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and phenols as major compounds. R. acetosa leaf extracts displayed significant analgesic activity in vivo mediated via both central and peripheral pathways. The findings validate the traditional use of R. acetosa in pain management.
Co-Authors Alli, Rejoice Monday Bassi, Wasinda Nuhu Nakya, Faith Emmanuel Stephen, Hyelda