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Okokon, Jude E
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Hippocratea africana Ethanol Root Extract and Fractions Attenuate Doxorubicin-Induced Testicular Toxicity and Oxidative Stress Noah, Kufre U; Okokon, Jude E
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.132.397-406

Abstract

Hippocratea africana root, used locally in treating poisoning, was investigated to confirm its antidotal potential in rats. The root extract (200-600 mg/kg) and fractions; dichloromethane (DCM) and aqueous, 400 mg/kg) were evaluated for hepatoprotective activity against doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity in male rats. Testosterone level, lipid profile indices, testicular oxidative stress markers, and testis histology were used to assess the testicular protective effect of the extract. The root extract (200-600 mg/kg) and fractions, dichloromethane (DCM) and aqueous, 400 mg/kg reduced the serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL that were elevated by doxorubicin. In contrast, the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) reduced by doxorubicin was increased by the extract and fractions co-administration. Testosterone level, which was significantly (p<0.05) reduced by doxorubicin, was significantly (p<0.05-0.01) elevated by the root extract and fractions co-administration. The levels of GSH, GST, SOD, GPx, and CAT that were decreased by doxorubicin were significantly (p<0.01) elevated, and raised MDA level was reduced by the root extract and fractions. Histology of the testes sections of extract/fractions -treated animals showed absent/or reductions in the pathological features compared to the organotoxic-treated animals. The chemical pathological changes were consistent with histopathological observations, suggesting marked testicular protective potential. The anti-toxic effect of this plant may in part be mediated through the chemical constituents of the plant. The plant, H. africana possesses anti-toxicant properties which can be exploited in the treatment of doxorubicin-related toxicities.
Subacute Toxicity Study of Leaf Extract of Saccharum officinarum Edem, Utibe A; Okokon, Jude E
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.91-100

Abstract

Saccharum officinarum (Family-Poaceae) is used traditionally to treat malaria and fever, among others. Evaluation of subacute administration ethanol leaf extract of Saccharum officinarum for possible effect on hematological indices, liver and kidney functions, and lipid profile of rats was carried out. The leaf extract (170, 340, 510 mg/kg body weight) was orally administered to male Wistar rats daily for 30 days, and the rats were sacrificed under light diethyl ether anesthesia after the administration. Subacute administration of S. officinarum leaf extract resulted in an insignificant increase in the body weights of rats without any significant (p>0.05) effect on the weights of liver and kidney when compared to control. The leaf extract treatment did not affect WBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophil, and basophil percentages. However, it caused significant (p<0.05) decreases in RBC and platelet counts, hemoglobin concentration, and PCV percentage, especially at the middle dose (374 mg/kg), and also prolonged bleeding and clotting time significantly (p<0.05) when compared to control.  The leaf extracts non-dose-dependently caused insignificant (p>0.05) decreases in total protein, albumin, and ALT levels. ALP was significantly (p<0.05) decreased at the highest dose (510 mg/kg). However, AST, total and conjugated bilirubin levels were significantly (p<0.01-0.001) decreased only at higher doses (340 and 510 mg/kg) of the extract. The leaf extract did not cause any significant (p>0.05) effect on urea, creatinine, potassium, and sodium as well as total cholesterol, triglyceride, VLDL, and LDL levels of rats, but the highest dose (510 mg/kg) significantly (p<0.05) increased Cl level and reduced HDL level of rats when compared to control.  The leaf extract exerts mild to moderate effects on the histology of the livers and kidneys of rats. Chronic study is advocated to investigate the effect of prolonged administration of rats’ extract organs and systems.
Antiinflammatory and Antipyretic Activities of Stem Extract and Fractions of Telfairia occidentalis in Rodents Okokon, Jude E; Osigwe, Chinyelu C.; Florence, Uwaeme Ugonma; Andrew, Ukeme Essien
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.473-479

Abstract

Telfairia occidentalis Hook (Family-Cucurbitaceae) is a vegetable employed in Ibibio traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases such as malaria and fever among others. The stem extract of Telfairia occidentalis was investigated for antiinflammatory and antipyretic activities in rodents using various experimental models.The stem extract (200 –600 mg/kg) of T. occidentalis was investigated for antiinflammatory activity against carrageenin, egg albumin and xylene – induced edema models and antipyretic activity against D-amphetamine, 2,4-dinitrophenol and yeast-induced pyrexia models.  The extract caused a significant (p<0.05 – 0.001) dose-dependent reduction of inflammation caused by different phlogistic agents used. These effects were comparable to those of the standard drug, (ASA, 100 mg/kg) used in some cases. The extract also exerted prominent inhibition of pyrexia on amphetamine and dinitrophenol-induced pyrexia (5 h). Inhibition was significant (p<0.05–0.001) from 3 to 5 h post- administration of extract and in a dose-dependent fashion. However, the stem extract did not affect yeast-induced pyrexia in mice. The anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of this plant may in part be mediated through the chemical constituents of the plant. The findings of this work confirm the ethnomedical uses of this plant to treat inflammatory and febrile conditions.
Co-Authors Andrew, Ukeme Essien Edem, Utibe A Florence, Uwaeme Ugonma Noah, Kufre U Osigwe, Chinyelu C.