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Tesla, Yudhistira
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Energy Engineering Physics

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Construction of an enzymatic biosensor for chlorpyrifos pesticide detection via acetylcholinesterase inhibition on oxidative boron-doped diamond electrode Basit, Abdul; Ferinastiti; Tesla, Yudhistira; Naumi, Fadlinatin
Environmental and Materials Vol. 2 No. 1: (June) 2024
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/eam.v2i1.2024.890

Abstract

Background: The extensive utilization of pesticides in agricultural practices presents considerable environmental and health hazards, which calls for the creation of precise and specialized detection techniques. Methods: This study focuses on the development of an enzymatic biosensor designed to detect chlorpyrifos pesticide residues. The biosensor employs an oxidative boron-doped diamond (OBDD) electrode as the transducer platform, offering exceptional sensitivity and stability. The detection mechanism is based on the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity on the OBDD surface. Various factors were optimized to assess the precision and sensitivity limit of the developed sensor. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) results indicated that the presence of AChE is necessary for acetylthiocholine chloride (ATCl) to generate an electrical signal. To enhance detection, AChE was modified with magnetic beads. Findings: This modification facilitated the oxidation of ATCl to thiocholine chloride, an oxidation peak of thiocholine could be observed at the magnetic beads modified AChE-Biotin/OBDD at a potential of +0.804 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), formed by an enzymatic reaction of AChE in the presence of acetylthiocholine. The current signal decreased due to the inhibition of AChE activity by chlorpyrifos pesticide. The oxidation current of thiocholine chloride consistently decreased as the chlorpyrifos concentration increased within the range of 0.001nM to 10nM at the optimum condition of 50 mM phosphate buffer solution pH 7.6; 250 mu/5 mL AChE; and 1 mM ATCl in an inhibition and contact time of 30 and 15 min, respectively. The regression equation obtained using magnetic beads modified by AChE-Biotin is y = 0.043ln(x) + 1.074, with an R² value of 0.9062. The sensor demonstrated a lower limit of detection value of 0.6551nM. Conclusion: Furthermore, the developed sensor proved suitable for testing real samples of tap water, showing minimal interference with a % RSD value lower than 10%. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study introduces a novel enzyme-based biosensor using oxidative boron-doped diamond (OBDD) electrodes for detecting chlorpyrifos pesticide. The originality lies in the use of electrochemically modified BDD, which enhances enzyme immobilization and stability, providing higher sensitivity and lower detection limits compared to traditional methods.
An acetylcholinesterase-based biosensor of carbofuran using carbon foam electrode modified by graphene and gold particles Pramadewandaru, Respati Kevin; Triani, Sulis; Tesla, Yudhistira; Sanjaya, Afiten Rahmin
Environmental and Materials Vol. 3 No. 1: (June) 2025
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/eam.v3i1.2025.1963

Abstract

Background: This study introduces a novel acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-based biosensor for the sensitive and selective detection of carbofuran, a widely used carbamate pesticide known for its neurotoxicity. Methods: The biosensor employs a carbon foam (CF) electrode modified with graphene oxide and gold nanoparticles (CF/Graphene/Au), leveraging the synergistic properties of these materials to enhance electrochemical performance. Carbofuran detection is achieved through its inhibitory effect on AChE activity, monitored via cyclic voltammetry of thiocholine oxidation. Findings: Under optimal conditions at pH 7.4, the biosensor demonstrated a linear detection range of 25–125 μM, a detection limit of 8.08 μM, and a sensitivity of 0.3874 mA μM⁻¹ cm⁻². It also showed strong reproducibility with a relative standard deviation of 6.77%. When tested on real vegetable samples, the biosensor achieved recovery rates between 88.95% and 111.30%. Conclusion: Compared to existing biosensor technologies, the CF/Graphene/Au-based sensor offers a well-balanced performance in terms of sensitivity, detection range, and practical usability. It presents a viable and portable solution for monitoring pesticide residues in environmental samples. Novelty/Originality of this article:  This work presents a promising, portable solution for environmental monitoring of pesticide residues, integrating advanced nanomaterials and computational validation to improve detection accuracy and reliability.
Co-Authors Abdul Basit Ferinastiti Naumi, Fadlinatin Pramadewandaru, Respati Kevin Sanjaya, Afiten Rahmin Triani, Sulis