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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Life Sciences Indonesian Journal of Cancer
Kristiani, Lidya
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Molecular Biomarkers and Pathophysiology Specific to Bipolar Disorder Salim, Megan Angelita; Abriana, Felicia Michelle; Tirta, Matthew Aurelius; Sanny, Sanny; Kristiani, Lidya
Indonesian Journal of Life Sciences 2023: IJLS Vol 05 No .02
Publisher : Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54250/ijls.v5i02.173

Abstract

Bipolar disorder (BD) is an episodic neuropsychiatric disorder with fluctuations between manic and depressive phases according to their types (BDI/BDII/cyclothymic), contributing to the decreased quality of life due to the impairment of cognitive abilities. Early detection is needed for proper treatment, however, the gold standard Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV results in misdiagnosis due to its inability to distinguish BD from other neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, diagnosis through molecular biomarkers can be performed to accurately distinguish BD from other neuropsychiatric disorders. This review aims to elaborate the evidence of molecular biomarkers in BD patients from recent studies, which may be fundamental in clinical practices for accurate diagnosis. Proteomic studies provide evidence for the differentially expressed proteins, namely brain-derived neurotrophic factors, which can differentiate BD from major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. Moreover, genetic alterations from genomic and transcriptomic studies found that CACNA1C, ANK3, FADS2, and other genes may predispose an individual to BD. Some of these genes are closely related to BD pathophysiology occurrence, including impaired oxidative phosphorylation, imbalance in calcium homeostasis, and neuroinflammation, all of which arise due to mitochondrial dysfunction. These pathophysiology can be alleviated by proper administration of mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and anticonvulsants, but novel treatments targeting specific pathophysiology and biomarkers of BD are required for better treatment effectiveness. Keywords: Bipolar disorder; mania/depression; molecular biomarker; mitochondrial dysfunction; pharmacotherapies
Phenotypic Plasticity and Functional Shift in Cisplatin-Resistant Cervical Cancer Cell Line Kristiani, Lidya; Ivana, Kathy; Gabriela, Vania; Rattu, Shereen Angelina; Tanoto, Joselyn Phoebe Wylma; Dearyza, Sonya; Angelica, Rosemarie; Wirabuana, Shareena; Dreesa, Amelia; Tehubijuluw, Marcella Diviani; Crystalia, Audrey Amira
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Vol 20, No 1 (2026): March
Publisher : http://dharmais.co.id/

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v20i1.1415

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer remains the deadliest cancer among women. Furthermore, the development of resistance toward cisplatin, the golden standard treatment, has posed a significant challenge, threatening therapeutic efficacy and contributing to tumor recurrence. While enhanced DNA repair and drug inactivation have been implicated in resistance, their impact on cervical cancer remains poorly understood. This study aims to generate cisplatin-resistant cervical cancer cell lines to explore potential phenotypic and functional changes.Methods: We generated cisplatin-resistant cells through repeated exposure to increasing cisplatin concentrations up to 8 µM. Morphological changes were analysed using ImageJ software. Using manual hemocytometer counting, we generated a growth curve to assess cell growth, while a migration assay measured wound closure over time. Mitochondrial activity was evaluated using the MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) assay, and gene expression of p53, Bax, and β-actin was quantified via qPCR. Statistical analysis, including two-tailed Student’s t-tests, was performed to compare wild-type and treated groups, with significance at p 0.005. Graphs and data visualization were performed using Microsoft Excel and GraphPad Prism 10.2.3.Results: Cisplatin-resistant (CPR) HeLa cells exhibited concentration-dependent morphological changes, including multinucleated "giant cells" and neuron-like "transition cells" with extended arms, suggesting adaptive responses to cisplatin-induced stress. Cell size increased with higher cisplatin concentrations, potentially enhancing survival, while proliferation decreased, indicating an energy trade-off for resistance mechanisms. Mitochondrial activity declined in CPR cells, likely due to mitochondrial DNA damage, leading to reduced ATP production and oxidative stress. Gene expression analysis revealed decreased Bax levels, associated with reduced apoptosis. Despite these changes, migration capacity remained unchanged.Conclusions: The results reveal that cisplatin-resistant (CPR) HeLa cells develop distinct changes in characteristics, including morphologies and functional capacity, particularly decreased mitochondrial activity and proliferation in exchange for increased ability to avoid apoptosis. These findings deepen our understanding of cisplatin resistance and emphasize the need for innovative therapeutic strategies, such as targeting the altered characteristics and non-proliferative survival mechanisms of CPR cells.
Co-Authors Abriana, Felicia Michelle Angelica, Rosemarie Crystalia, Audrey Amira Dearyza, Sonya Dreesa, Amelia Gabriela, Vania Ivana, Kathy Rattu, Shereen Angelina Salim, Megan Angelita Sanny Sanny Tanoto, Joselyn Phoebe Wylma Tehubijuluw, Marcella Diviani Tirta, Matthew Aurelius Wirabuana, Shareena