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All Journal Wijaya Putra Law Review Equalegum International Law Journal
Saptama, Damai Alan
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Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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NEUROHUKUM DAN BATAS USIA ANAK DALAM PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA Saptama, Damai Alan; Putri, Aime Renata; Indradjaja, Nobella; Chamdani, Chamdani
Wijaya Putra Law Review Vol 3 No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Wijaya Putra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38156/wplr.v3i1.183

Abstract

Saat ini, penelitian dan pendalaman tentang otak manusia semakin didukung oleh kemajuan teknologi yang senantiasa berkembang, sehingga perkembangan otak anak pun lebih mudah dipahami dengan ilmu pengetahuan yang berkembang dengan cepat. Dari sisi hukum pidana, hal ini membantu pemahaman tentang kemampuan anak dalam mengendalikan perilaku impulsif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menelaah batas usia anak dalam mempertanggungjawabkan tindak pidana dalam sistem hukum di Indonesia dengan menggunakan pertimbangan-pertimbangan teori hukum serta sains terkait saraf kognitif dalam sudut pandang neurohukum. Dalam penelitian ini, data yang digunakan didapat dari studi literatur yang setelah itu ditelaah secara konseptual. Dari hasil penelitian ini, dapat dilihat bahwa di Indonesia, anak dapat dikenakan pertanggungjawaban pidana mulai dari usia 12 tahun hingga sebelum usia 18 tahun. Sementara itu, ketika ditinjau dari sudut pandang neurohukum, dalam rentangan waktu tersebut otak belum benar-benar sepenuhnya berkembang dan perubahannya tecermin dalam perilaku manusia. Akan tetapi, karena transisi perkembangan otak yang terjadi berangsur-angsur, tidak mungkin menetapkan suatu batas angka absolut untuk kematangan otak pada rentang usia 12-17 tahun, sehingga kasus pidana anak perlu ditinjau secara individu. Dengan demikian, perlu ada pendampingan ahli atau keterangan ahli saraf/psikiatri, di samping ahli hukum, dalam penanganan kasus pidana anak.
NEUROLAW AND CHILD AGE LIMIT IN CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY Saptama, Damai Alan; Putri, Aime Renata; Indradjaja, Nobella; Chamdani, Chamdani; Savage, Eileen
EQUALEGUM International Law Journal Volume 2, Issue 2, 2024
Publisher : SYNTIFIC

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61543/equ.v2i2.69

Abstract

Background. Currently, research and reviews on the human brain are increasingly supported by continuously developing technological advancements. Thus, children's brain development is more easily comprehended along with the rapid growth of science. In criminal law, this supports the understanding of children's ability to control impulsive behavior. This research aimed to observe children's age limit in taking responsibility for crimes in the Indonesian law system by considering legal theories and science related to the cognitive neural system from the perspective of neurolaw. Research Method. In this research, the data is obtained from a literature study and analyzed conceptually based on legal regulation in Indonesia usually it’s namely normative legal research. Findings. The result of this research showed that in Indonesia, children can be imposed with criminal responsibility from the age of 12 until before they reach the age of 18. Meanwhile, from the perspective of neurolaw, the brain has not completely developed within that age range, and its shifts are reflected in human behavior. However, due to the gradual transition of brain development, it is impossible to determine an absolute age limit for brain maturity in the range of 12-17 years old, and thus children’s criminal cases must be reviewed individually. Therefore, the assistance or explanation of neural/psychiatric experts, besides legal experts, is required in handling children's criminal cases. Conclusion. Children can be charged with criminal responsibility from 12 to 18 years old, due to brain development shifts.
Co-Authors Chamdani, Chamdani Indradjaja, Nobella Putri, Aime Renata Savage, Eileen