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Sunscreen from Coconut Coir Based Lignin Nanoparticles with Extraction Method and pH Shifting as an Anti-UV Material Sari, Diana Novita; Anggerta, Lintang Alivia; Alfiana, Aulia Firda
Jurnal IPTEK Vol 27, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : LPPM Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya (ITATS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.iptek.2023.v27i2.5046

Abstract

Indonesia is a tropical country located on the equator with high sun exposure, so sunscreen is needed to reduce the risk of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. In this research, a sunscreen was developed that uses natural active ingredients in the form of lignin made from coconut coir. The aim of this research is to determine the comparison between the mass of coconut coir and the volume of ethanol solution that produces the highest lignin content, as well as the concentration comparison between lignin nanoparticles and commercial sunscreen that produces the highest SPF value. The synthesis of lignin from coconut coir was carried out using an extraction method using ethanol solvent, followed by a hydrolysis process with NaOH and acidification with H2SO4, while lignin nanoparticles were made using a pH shifting method using ammonia and HCl. The lignin nanoparticles formed are then added to the sunscreen's active ingredient. The variables used were the ratio of the mass of coconut coir to the volume of 80% ethanol solvent (1:5, 1:10, 1:15, and 1:20 (w-v)) and the concentration of lignin in commercial sunscreen cream (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% (w-w)). The results of the research show that the higher the solvent ratio, the more lignin is produced, but will decrease after reaching the optimum point. The optimal solvent volume occurs at a ratio of 1:15 (w-v) with a yield of 12.94% (w-w). In addition, the higher the lignin concentration, the resulting SPF value will also increase. The best concentration is 10% (w-w) at a solvent ratio of 1:15 (w-v) with an SPF value of 22.23.
Adsorption of Tofu Liquid Waste Using Rice Husk Activated Carbon Daning Kinanti Sutama; Alfiana, Aulia Firda; Rizkita, Nadya; Indah Lestari, Dwi; Aminah, Siti
Science Education and Application Journal Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Science Education and Application Journal
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan IPA, Universitas Islam Lamongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30736/seaj.v7i1.1170

Abstract

Adsorption of Tofu Liquid Waste Using Rice Husk Activated Carbon. Rice husk is an agricultural by-product rich in organic matter, and improper management can cause environmental pollution. Given the high carbon content in rice husk, it can be used as an adsorbent. Furthermore, the type of activator and activation technique employed impact the properties of activated carbon. Due to its ability to produce activated carbon with a high pore volume and specific surface area, KOH is a chemical substance that is frequently employed. This study sought to ascertain whether rice husks might be used as activated carbon to lower the amount of organic matter in liquid effluent from the tofu business. The results of this study indicate that rice husk activated carbon can reduce the level of TDS by 27%, TSS by 97%, and pH 6 from the initial level. The optimum contact time is 120 minutes at a ratio variation of 1:130, because at that time the activated carbon has approached saturation by the adsorbed adsorbate and experienced equilibrium and saturation.
Comparative Efficiency of KOH-Activated Rice Husk Carbon in Adsorbing Pollutants from Laundry and Tofu Wastewater Daning Kinanti Sutama; Indah Lestari, Dwi; Endah Kusuma Wardani, Erina; Fauziah, Shaddiqah Munawaroh; Alfiana, Aulia Firda
Science Education and Application Journal Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Science Education and Application Journal
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan IPA, Universitas Islam Lamongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30736/seaj.v7i2.1254

Abstract

Comparative Efficiency of KOH-Activated Rice Husk Carbon in Adsorbing Pollutants from Laundry and Tofu Wastewater. This study aims to compare the adsorption capacity of rice husk-based activated carbon in overcoming pollution from two types of liquid waste, namely laundry waste and tofu liquid waste. The raw material of rice husk is processed through a carbonization process and chemical activation using potassium hydroxide (KOH), then used in a batch adsorption test. The parameters analyzed include Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and Total Suspended Solids (TSS). The results show that the adsorbent material produced is able to reduce pollutant levels significantly. COD and TDS are more effectively reduced in laundry waste because the organic content and surfactants are more easily adsorbed, while TSS experiences a greater decrease in tofu waste due to the high suspended solids content. The adsorption process follows the Langmuir isotherm model with the regression values for both laundry and tofu wastewater of  R2>0.9, which indicates the occurrence of monolayer adsorption on the surface. This biosorbent has proven to be economical, environmentally friendly, and has the potential to be applied on a small scale, especially for household industries such as laundry businesses and tofu production. In addition to being relevant for local contexts, this approach can also be adopted globally in areas with high rice husk availability and similar waste management problems.