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Code Switching Used by Cinta Laura and Maudy Ayunda on YouTube Channel rahayu, nadia
Journal of Humanities, Social Science, Public Administration and Management (HUSOCPUMENT) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): January: Journal of Humanities, Social Science, Public Administration and Manag
Publisher : ID Solutions

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51715/husocpument.v4i1.303

Abstract

Nowadays, in the bilingual community using two languages in the communication process is often happens and that is called code switching. This study concerned code switching in Cinta laura and Maudy Ayunda’s utterances on Cinta Laura YouTube Channel. The aims of this study is to identify the types of code switching of Cinta Laura and Maudy Ayunda utterances and also the meaning of utterances by Cinta Laura and Maudy Ayunda regarding the types of code switching. A descriptive qualitative method is used for this study to analyzing the data collected from one content video containing code switching. The data were collected by observation method through watching, trancribing, note taking and also classifying the utterances. The results of the analysis shows that found 147 data with Intra-Sentential Switching 76 (52%), Inter-Sentential Switching 62 (42%), and Tag Switching 9 (6%). The dominant type of code switching used by Cinta Laura and Maudy Ayunda on YouTube Channel is Intra-Sentential Switching.
Performance of optical fibers birefringence and its effect on wavelength Rahayu, Nadia; Ramadhani, Fatima Nur
Science, Technology, and Communication Journal Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): SINTECHCOM Journal (February 2026)
Publisher : Lembaga Studi Pendidikan dan Rekayasa Alam Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59190/stc.v6i2.321

Abstract

The phenomenon of refractive index difference between two orthogonal polarization modes in optical fibers, plays as an important role in optics transmission systems and precision sensors. This study aims to analyze the effect of wavelength on the birefringence performance of five types of single-mode optical fibers, namely SMF-28, SMF-28e, SMF-28e+, SMF-28e+LL, and SMF-28 ULL. Simulations were performed using OptiFiber software with wavelengths varying from 1000 nm to 1550 nm. The results show that the birefringence value decreases significantly as the wavelength increases, in line with the propagation of the optical field into the sleeve which reduces the refractive index difference between the two orthogonal modes. The highest birefringence value was recorded for SMF-28e+ at 9.28 rad/m 1000 nm, while the lowest value was 5.79 rad/m 1550 nm. In addition, external effects such as fiber curvature showed a contribution to the change in birefringence, which is relevant for the design of precision optical systems. These findings confirm the importance of controlling wavelength parameters and geometric structure in optimizing fiber birefringence performance for polarization- based optical communication and sensor applications. Suggestions for further research is to evaluate the effect of temperature, external pressure, and voltage on birefringence in various other types of optics fibers.
Analisis Sistem Perencanaan dan Penganggaran Pendidikan Berbasis RKAM dalam Perspektif Efektivitas Pembiayaan: Studi Kasus di MA Al-Marfuiyah Cibadak Sukabumi Rahayu, Nadia; Lubis, Nada Shofa
Epistemic: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Mei 2026
Publisher : Perkumpulan Peneliti dan Pegiat Literasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70287/epistemic.v5i2.663

Abstract

This study analyzes the planning and budgeting system based on RKAM from the perspective of financing effectiveness at MA Al-Marfuiyah Cibadak Sukabumi. The problem addressed in this study is that RKAM is often treated as an administrative budgeting document rather than an instrument for controlling educational financing effectiveness. This study used a qualitative case study design. Data were collected through interviews, document analysis, and limited observation when needed. The data were analyzed by identifying the relationship between educational needs, program priorities, funding sources, budget allocation, implementation evidence, and educational outputs. The findings show that RKAM at MA Al-Marfuiyah has functioned as a formal and structured planning document. It links vision, mission, programs, funding sources, schedules, and the eight National Education Standards. However, its effectiveness is still stronger at the administrative and operational levels than at the substantive outcome level. Several programs have budget allocations, but not all are supported by measurable output and outcome indicators. This study contributes to educational financing literature by positioning RKAM as an effectiveness-oriented management instrument, not merely a compliance document.