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Optimization of Oral Thin Film Cetirizine HCI by Response Surface Methodology: Disintegration and Mechanical Properties Nining, Nining; Amalia, Anisa; Rahmatullah, Rizki
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Vol 11, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/ijpst.v11i2.44098

Abstract

Starch is a natural biopolymer used as a film-forming polymer on oral thin film (OTF). Its solubility can increase by modifying enzymes to form maltodextrin (MDX). Sorghum is a potential plant because it contains relatively high starch, 72.3-75.1%. The concentration of film-forming and plasticizers in OTF will significantly affect its disintegration and mechanical properties. This study aimed to obtain the optimal formula for OTF cetirizine HCl based on MDX-sorghum as a film-forming and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Sorghum starch was enzymatically modified and characterized physically and mechanically. The formula is optimized based on the disintegration and mechanical properties of the film on the contour plot using Central Composite Design (CCD) in RSM. The percentage error between the predicted and actual values in the response validates the suggested model. The results showed that the production of MDX-sorghum was successful with a characteristic value of dextrose equivalent (DE) 6,3±0,13; swelling power of 2.87; solubility of 52.9%; and a yield of 86.71%. Response data from the 14 formulas obtained include disintegration time of 85-172 seconds, elongation 64.86-109.32%, and tensile strength from 1.4 to 3.57 MPa. The optimal formula suggested a concentration of 4.56% MDX-sorghum and 10% triethyl citrate, with desirability of 0.87. The model validation results show an error percentage of <5%, so the suggested model can be accepted.
Legal Protection in The Implementation of Akad Qardh Rahmatullah, Rizki
Alhurriyah Vol 5 No 1 (2020): Januari - Juni 2020
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30983/alhurriyah.v5i1.2332

Abstract

 Credit implementation cannot be separated from the agreement and binds the guarantee that given by the debtor. The binding guarantee is carried out by underhand and carried out with notarial deed and PPAT deed. The binding of loan agreements by creditors is inseparable from the rights and obligations of the parties and legal protection of the parties. The problem is about legal standing, forms of protection and problem solving from the implementation of loan agreements. The research methodology used is an empirical juridical approach. The results of this study indicate that the creditor position in the binding agreement that made by underhand becomes weak because the creditor does not get the preference rights if the debtor is default. The implementation of an underhand loan agreement must be carried out perfectly, binding to the notarial deed must be in accordance with UUJN and binding to insurance. Completion of loan agreements with notification, rescue and restructuring of loans with restructuring, composition of loans with litigation and non-litigation, elimination of loans. Advice to Swamitra Minang Alam Sentosa, binding of loan agreements must be carried out with authentic deeds in accordance with UUJN by shared costs, and the insurance accordance with the loan term.   
Legal Protection in The Implementation of Akad Qardh Rahmatullah, Rizki
Alhurriyah Vol 5 No 1 (2020): Januari - Juni 2020
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30983/alhurriyah.v5i1.2332

Abstract

 Credit implementation cannot be separated from the agreement and binds the guarantee that given by the debtor. The binding guarantee is carried out by underhand and carried out with notarial deed and PPAT deed. The binding of loan agreements by creditors is inseparable from the rights and obligations of the parties and legal protection of the parties. The problem is about legal standing, forms of protection and problem solving from the implementation of loan agreements. The research methodology used is an empirical juridical approach. The results of this study indicate that the creditor position in the binding agreement that made by underhand becomes weak because the creditor does not get the preference rights if the debtor is default. The implementation of an underhand loan agreement must be carried out perfectly, binding to the notarial deed must be in accordance with UUJN and binding to insurance. Completion of loan agreements with notification, rescue and restructuring of loans with restructuring, composition of loans with litigation and non-litigation, elimination of loans. Advice to Swamitra Minang Alam Sentosa, binding of loan agreements must be carried out with authentic deeds in accordance with UUJN by shared costs, and the insurance accordance with the loan term.  Â