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INSTITUTIONAL RACISM IN SULTANZADAH'S NOVEL 'SHAM-E AKHIR-E AFGHANI' (2021): Mohammadi, Noria
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v9i1.7884

Abstract

This research addresses institutional racism in Afghanistan, focusing on Mohammad Asif Sultanzadah's novel entitled Sham-e Akhir-e Afghani (2021). Utilizing the theoretical framework of institutional racism from Carmichael and Hamilton (1967), this study employs a qualitative approach with textual analysis as the primary tool. In the novel, Sultanzadah’s narrative highlights institutional racism perpetrated by extremist Pashtuns (Taliban) and Afghan government against Hazaras. Findings indicate that racism persists in Afghan society, with Hazaras that differ in ethnicity, religion, and culture, experiencing significant discrimination, particularly in various social settings. While Pashtuns are seen as a superior democratic power condemning individual racism, Hazaras face systemic racial discrimination in education, relationships, housing, and the economic system. This study underscores the urgent need to address institutional racism in Afghanistan.
HOMEIRA QADRI’S DANCING IN THE MOSQUE (2020): REPRESENTING CULTURAL NORMS IN CONSTRUCTING GENDER STEREOTYPES Mohammadi, Noria; Rahayu, Lina Meilinawati; Saleha, Amaliatun
Metahumaniora Vol 14, No 3 (2024): METAHUMANIORA, DESEMBER 2024
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/metahumaniora.v14i3.58658

Abstract

Homeira Qaderi’s memoir, Dancing in the Mosque (2020), portrays how cultural norms construct gender expectations and perpetuate stereotypes. Using a dual narrative structure that intertwines Shah Pesar’s magical adventures with Qaderi’s poignant reflections illustrates how Qaderi skillfully employs focalization to shed light on the cultural limitations imposed on Afghan women, blending realistic storytelling elements. This study utilizes Bal’s theory of focalization alongside Genette’s concept of zero focalization to analyze the narrative shift from an omniscient narrator to a first-person perspective. By applying these theories, we examine how the shift in perspective highlights emotional intricacies and sharp feminist critique, while also revealing the narrative control and the lens through which the characters’ experiences are portrayed. We investigate the marginalization of women through the issues of constrained mobility, loss of identity, and legal disenfranchisement. By centering on Qaderi’s perspective, the text critiques societal and legal structures that diminish women’s value while foregrounding their struggle for agency and self-definition in a patriarchal society. This study underscores the broader ramifications of gender narratives in Afghanistan, highlighting the resilience of women as they resist cultural suppression.