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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis
Alfaqih, Muhammad Yusuf
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CORN SILK EXTRACT AGAINST DENTAL CARIES-CAUSING BACTERIA AND ITS FORMULATION IN MOUTHWASH PREPARATION Qariru, Davin Elian; Kar, Kevin Lensrich; Alfaqih, Muhammad Yusuf; Zahra, Aulia Putri Fatiya; Aulia, Rahma; Purwanto, Purwanto
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis Vol 10 No 2 (May-August 2024)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/pharmacy.v10i2.10484

Abstract

Indonesia is undergoing a dental caries emergency with a prevalence of 51.1% (Riskesdas, 2018). This may cause tooth decay due to dental plaque bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans. Mouthwash can be a solution because it has antibacterial properties and reaches interspaces on the teeth. Unfortunately, the active ingredient of mouthwash, chlorhexidine, can cause cancer-related mutations if used continuously. Therefore, it requires alternatives to natural ingredients, such as corn silk. The research aims to determine the corn silk phytochemical profile and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Streptococcus mutans. The research started by macerating corn silk simplicia using 70% ethanol. Afterwards, thin layer chromatography (TLC) was conducted to determine its phytochemical profile. Disk-diffusion and broth microdilution methods were conducted using various concentrations of corn silk extract to determine its antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Streptococcus mutans. Then, the MIC₅₀ was used as the minimum dose of corn silk extract concentration in mouthwash formulation which qualities controlled by pH and organoleptic tests. The yield of corn silk extracted was 16.17%w/w. The phytochemical profile from TLC showed that flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids were present. Corn silk extract has antibacterial activities against Streptococcus mutans with MIC₅₀ of 7.2%w/v. Corn silk extract, tween 80, sorbitol, sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulfite, oleum menthae piperitae, and distilled water were used in four mouthwash formulas (F1-F4). The pH of all formulas was 5 and the organoleptic test showed that from 30 panelists, the majority chose F2 as the best in terms of taste, color, and smell.
The Extract of Merremia mammosa Tubers Increases the Cytotoxicity of Doxorubicin and Induces Apoptosis in 4T1 Malignant Cancer Cells Septiani, Aulia Nur; Effendi, Fatiha Citra; Rianasari, Nadya; Alfaqih, Muhammad Yusuf; Al Qisthy, Afifah Nisa; Meiyanto, Edy; Ikawati, Muthi
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention Vol 16, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Cancer Chemoprevention

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjcanchemoprev16iss1pp57-66

Abstract

Doxorubicin has been incorporated in cancer therapy regimes for wide-range malignancies, but it causes many side effects. These adverse effects can be overcome by combining doxorubicin with other ingredients that possess anticancer potential but are safe on normal cells. The tubers of Merremia mammosa, locally known as “Bidara Upas” in Indonesia, have been proven to have anticancer potential with resin glycosides as the active compounds. This research aims to develop the extract of M. mammosa’s tubers (MTE) as a co-chemotherapy agent for doxorubicin. A malignant cancer cell line, 4T1, was used as the model. MTE was obtained by maceration in 96% ethanol. The thin layer chromatography confirmed that MTE contains glycoside compounds. Administration of MTE to 4T1 cells showed cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 61 μg/mL as evaluated by MTT assay. The combination of MTE and doxorubicin exhibited synergistic cytotoxic effects with a combination index of <0.7. Moreover, MTE at around IC50 was able to cause DNA fragmentation indicating apoptosis as observed by the agarose gel electrophoresis.These data support our hypothesis that MTE may serve as a potential co-chemotherapeutic agent for doxorubicin; however, the apoptosis-inducing potency of the combination requires further investigation.Keywords: 4T1 cell, apoptosis, Bidara Upas, co-chemotherapy.
Co-Authors Al Qisthy, Afifah Nisa Aulia, Rahma Edy Meiyanto Effendi, Fatiha Citra Kar, Kevin Lensrich Muthi Ikawati Qariru, Davin Elian Rianasari, Nadya Septiani, Aulia Nur Syamsiar, Syamsiar Zahra, Aulia Putri Fatiya