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All Journal Pelita Perkebunan AGRISE JEPA (Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis) International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (IJFANRES)
Bakang, John-Eudes Andivi
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Social Sciences

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Cocoa Farmers and Agrochemical Safety Compliance: Empirical Insights from Ghana Tham-Agyekum, Enoch Kwame; Ankuyi, Fred; Jones, Ebenezer Osei; Tierku, Albert Kuuzaa; Sarfo, Derrick Kwadwo; Bakang, John-Eudes Andivi; Amoako, Prince Kwadwo
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol. 40 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v40i1.589

Abstract

This study addresses the lack of empirical insights into the adherence of cocoa farmers to safety protocols. Specifically focused on agrochemical safety compliance, the research employs a quantitative approach and collects data from 385 cocoa farmers in the Nzema East Municipal through a structured questionnaire. The analysis utilizes mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentages, and Tobit regression models. The study finds that cocoa farmers exhibit a high level of knowledge and preparedness in agrochemical handling practices, positive agrochemical usage practices, and proper agrochemical storage practices. Cocoa farmers employ integrated pest management strategies, using diverse fertilizers, insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides to address crop health and productivity challenges. Tobit regression results showed that the extent of use of agrochemicals was significantly influenced by marital status, household size, farming experience, cooperative membership, and access to spraying machines and personal protective equipment. The research highlights the importance of integrating safety considerations into agricultural policies and practices, emphasizing the role of knowledge and awareness in influencing farmers' practices. It suggests the need for targeted interventions and educational programs to enhance agrochemical safety compliance among cocoa farmers.
Incentives-adoption-food security: Implications for sustainable cocoa production in Ghana. Tham-Agyekum, Enoch Kwame; Ankuyi, Fred; Bakang, John-Eudes Andivi; Mensah, Jonathan; Nimoh, Fred; Adarkwa, Bright Oteng; Ankrah, Daniel
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol. 40 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v40i2.599

Abstract

This study investigates the adoption of the Cocoa Rehabilitation Programme (CRP), aiming to understand the factors influencing farmers' participation and assess the impact on food security. The research gathered quantitative data from 385 cocoa farmers in the Osino Cocoa District, Eastern region, Ghana. Mean, frequency, Tobit and ordered logit regression models were used to analyse the data. Results reveal that incentives like farm maintenance without a charge, extension access, monetary rewards regular farm monitoring and free tree-cutting strongly promote CRP adoption. Gender, age, education, and various incentives significantly influence adoption levels. The study revealed that practices like weedicide-free farming, zero burning, and efficient shade management play a substantial role in improving the food security of farmers. The paper contributes to existing literature by offering a comprehensive analysis of both monetary and non-monetary incentives, adoption patterns, and outcomes, particularly regarding food security in the context of cocoa production. The study suggests a multifaceted approach to enhance CRP efficacy and address the complex dynamics of sustainable agricultural initiatives.
A comprehensive study on the livelihood implications of transitioning from cocoa to rubber plantation in Ghana Busia, Joseph Oppong; Amankwah, kwadwo; Appiah, Patrick; Tham-Agyekum, Enoch Kwame; Bakang, John-Eudes Andivi
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol. 40 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v40i2.601

Abstract

The study, conducted in Manso Amenfi, Western Region, Ghana, explored the livelihood implications of transitioning from cocoa to rubber plantations. Using a cross-sectional survey with 384 participants, data revealed a decline in cocoa production levels. The socioeconomic factors that influence farmers’ land use shift behaviour were age, household size, being a household head, farm size, educational level, access extension and labour availability. The knowledge factor that was ranked first as influencing farmers shift behaviour was high price of rubber while the behavioural factor was the farmers’ personal belief that rubber plantation will do well than cocoa. The farmers agreed that rubber plantation has effect on their livelihood. The study recommends interventions to make cocoa cultivation more profitable, addressing concerns like low prices, pests, diseases, and soil fertility, emphasizing the need for support from agricultural extension officers, the Ghana Cocoa Board, and the government.
Cocoa farmers’ perception regarding the effectiveness of cocoa extension services in the Bia West District, Ghana. Tham-Agyekum, Enoch Kwame; Somed, Kassim; Appiah, Patrick; Asiamah, Maxwell Toah; Ankuyi, Fred; Appiah, Anthony; Bakang, John-Eudes Andivi
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol. 40 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v40i2.606

Abstract

The study analysed cocoa farmers’ perception on the effectiveness of agricultural extension services in the Bia West District. Data for the study was collected from 400 cocoa farmers through a multistage sampling technique. Data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results reflect a prevailing awareness among the majority of cocoa farmers (over 90%) concerning the efficacy of agricultural extension agents operating in the study area. Farmers perceived a positive impact on information dissemination and timeliness (Mean=4.08), and knowledge and skills enhancement (Mean=4.03). Employing a probit model, age (1%), engagement in off-farm activities (10%), and the age of cocoa farms (1%) emerged as significant factors that influenced farmers' perception of the effectiveness of the agents. The three key challenges faced by farmers in accessing extension services included inadequate CEA visits (1st), trust issues (2nd), and communication barriers (3rd). The study recommends the critical need to intensify and sustain extension training programmes, incentivising and supporting CEAs in fostering robust relationships within farming communities, and directing policy initiatives toward bolstering investments in communication infrastructure.
Assessment Of Labour Concerns And Perceived Effects On Cocoa Farm Operations In Ghana Agyapong, Dickson; Bakang, John-Eudes Andivi; Osei, Collins Kwabena; Tham-Agyekum, Enoch Kwame; Asiedu, Prince; Ankuyi, Fred; Ntem, Supernatural
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources VOL 5, NO 2 (2024): IJ-FANRES
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v5i2.314

Abstract

Despite the crucial role of human labour in Ghana's cocoa farming sector, the industry grapples with pressing challenges that threaten its sustainability and productivity. This study considers the intricate dynamics of labour scarcity and rising costs, focusing on the Tafo District, Ghana. We specifically collected data from 100 cocoa farmers who have been farming for over 20 years in the Tafo District using the purposive sampling method, and selected 10 cocoa labourers using a snowball technique. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the data using SPSS and Excel spreadsheet. Labour scarcity, attributed to ‘galamsey' and 'okada’ activities, was acknowledged by 95% of respondents, and 84% noted high labour costs. Farmers pointed out that labour shortages affect the timing and frequency of their farm operations. With labour scarcity attributed to illegal mining and commercial motorcycle transportation, effective government intervention to regulate these activities in agricultural areas will be required.
Cocoa Farmer's Use Of Approved Pesticides And Compliance With Safety Standards In Obuasi Municipality, Ghana Hyde-Cooper, Wilhemina; Tham-Agyekum, Enoch Kwame; Bakang, John-Eudes Andivi; Ntem, Supernatural; Ankuyi, Fred; Mohammed, Rubaba
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources VOL 5, NO 2 (2024): IJ-FANRES
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v5i2.312

Abstract

Amidst the agricultural landscape of Ghana lies a complex interplay of practices governing the use of approved pesticides and adherence to safety standards among farmers. By analysing data gleaned from 400 farmers through the multistage sampling technique, our aim is reveal the multifaceted influences that shape farmers' decisions in the use of approved pesticides and safety compliance. Age, education, marital status, farm ownership, experience, farm size, access to equipment and services, cooperative membership, secondary occupations, and income, significantly influence farmers' choices in the use of approved pesticides. Furthermore, compliance with safety protocols is found to be influenced by factors such as farm size, access to extension services, and the perceived relative advantage of pesticides. We advocate for policies that promote the use of approved pesticides and prioritise safety standards in agricultural practices. This may include strengthening regulatory frameworks, incentivising sustainable farming practices, and enforcing penalties for non-compliance with safety regulations.
Gender Dynamics in Roles, Resources, Control, Decision Making and Household Welfare in Ghana: Implications for Agricultural Sustainability. Amoako, Prince Kwadwo; Ayerakwa, Margaret Frimpong; Tham-Agyekum, Enoch Kwame; Ankuyi, Fred; Bakang, John-Eudes Andivi; Mensah, Winnefred; Jones, Ebenezer Osei
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 3 (2025): IJ-FANRES
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v6i3.509

Abstract

This study investigates the gender dynamics in cocoa farming households across the Ashanti and Western South regions, focusing on their implications for agricultural sustainability. Using a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 401 cocoa farmers through structured questionnaires. Data was analysed using descriptive (frequency, percentage) and inferential statistics (independent samples t-test). Results indicate that men dominate physically demanding tasks such as land preparation (82.8%) and pesticide application (85.0%). In comparison, women are more involved in less intensive tasks like drying cocoa beans (33.2%) and reproductive roles such as food preparation (74.6%). Men control essential resources, including land (82.3%), capital (78.6%), and agricultural tools, while women have greater control over processing resources like drying mats (20.4%). Decision-making is similarly male-dominated, with men leading in areas like farming inputs (82.0%) and household security (85.5%), although women exert influence in daily food decisions (42.4%). Despite these disparities, no significant gender-based differences were found in outcomes for yield, income, or food security. The study highlights the need for gender-inclusive policies and targeted interventions to promote equitable access to resources, enhance women's decision-making capacity, and encourage their involvement in sustainable cocoa farming.
IN THE LIGHT OF ADOPTION THEORIES: WHY DO AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AGENTS USE SOCIAL MEDIA? Tham-Agyekum, Enoch Kwame; Jones, Ebenezer Osei; Bakang, John-Eudes Andivi; Asiedu, Prince; Aidoo, Danley Colecraft; Mensah, Emmanuel Anobir
Agricultural Socio-Economics Journal Vol. 23 No. 4 (2023): OCTOBER
Publisher : Socio-Economics/Agribusiness Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.agrise.2023.023.4.5

Abstract

This study highlights a significant gap between theoretical understanding and the actual use of social media tools by agricultural extension agents (AEAs). A quantitative study was undertaken to give clear understanding on how various theoretical perspectives in the area of adoption of social media play out in reality among the agricultural extension agents. A sample size of 418 AEAs in the Eastern Region, Ghana were selected using the snowballing sampling technique. The following constructs were rated highest by the respondents; observability, (innovation diffusion theory), continuance intention (theory of task-technology fit), perceived usefulness of social media (theory of reasoned action, theory of planned behaviour, theory of acceptance model) and performance expectancy (unified theory of acceptance and use of technology). Majority of the AEAs highly use social media. High cost of repair of devices, high charges by network providers and lack of knowledge of the best social media use were perceived as substantial challenges. The results show that extension agents must be encouraged to leverage social media platforms to provide personalised support, answer farmers' queries, and offer guidance, leading to better adoption of recommended agricultural practices.
GALAMSEY'S GRIP: UNRAVELLING THE IMPACT OF ILLEGAL SMALL-SCALE MINING ON COCOA FARMING AND LIVELIHOODS Appiah, Sylvia Kyerewaa; Osei, Collins; Amankwah, Kwadwo; Tham-Agyekum, Enoch Kwame; Bakang, John-Eudes Andivi; Ankuyi, Fred
Agricultural Socio-Economics Journal Vol. 24 No. 1 (2024): JANUARY
Publisher : Socio-Economics/Agribusiness Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.agrise.2024.024.1.5

Abstract

The encroachment of small-scale mining (galamsey) on fertile lands poses a significant threat to cocoa cultivation, affecting farmers' livelihoods and raising concerns about environmental sustainability. This study addresses the complex interaction between small-scale mining and cocoa farming. Conducted in the Bosome Freho district, Ashanti Region, the study employs a quantitative research design, utilizing a survey method with 316 cocoa farmers affected by galamsey. Descriptive statistics, including frequency and percentages, are applied to analyze data. Factors driving cocoa farmers to participate in galamsey include perceived profitability, low cocoa yields, high maintenance costs, and reduced cocoa prices. The perceived impact of galamsey on livelihood outcomes reveals concerns about environmental degradation, reduced farm output, soil fertility decline, and health and safety risks. Livelihood strategies employed include on-farm practices like intercropping and livestock rearing. Galamsey poses multifaceted challenges to cocoa farmers, affecting not only their livelihoods but also the environment and socioeconomic activities. The study highlights the need for comprehensive policies addressing the complex interplay between mining and agriculture, safeguarding environmental sustainability and farmers' well-being. The findings inform policymakers of the urgent need for stricter regulations, environmental safeguards, and diversified livelihood options for cocoa farmers.
Cocoa Farmers’ Adaptation to Climate Extremes in Atwima Nwabiagya North District, Ghana Tham-Agyekum, Enoch Kwame; Boansi, David; Ankuyi, Fred; Edeafour, Patrick Padlass; Okorley, Ernest Laryea; Jones, Ebenezer Osei; Prah, Stephen; Rakotomarolahy, Patrick; Sharma, Rakesh; Bakang, John-Eudes Andivi
Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Agricultural Social Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study examines the adaptation strategies of cocoa farmers to climate extremes. The study multistage sampling technique to sample 400 farmers from 10 communities. Primary data was gathered with the use of structured questionnaire and the data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. A significant proportion of respondents have experienced extreme climate events, with drought (73%), flooding (64.25%) and heatwaves (56.75%) being the most commonly reported experiences. The most commonly used adaptation strategies reported are mixed cropping (73.50%), planting improved crop variety (68.75%), and cover cropping (70%). Adopting mixed cropping was influenced by education and access to extension. The drivers of adopting improved plant/seed variety were farm size, number of farms owned by a farmer, access to extension, access to credit and membership in a farmer cooperative. Distance to farm, education extension access and membership in farmer cooperative influences the adoption of cover crops as means to mitigate extreme climate. In the event of flooding, farmers are likely to adapt all the three main adaptation strategies. The promotion of farmer cooperatives should be a top priority for the stakeholders in the cocoa value chain. Top priority should be also given to the breeding of crop varieties that are resistant to extreme climatic conditions.
Co-Authors Acheampong, Angela Otiwaa Adarkwa, Bright Oteng Agyapong, Dickson Aidoo, Danley Colecraft Amankwah, Kwadwo Amoako, Prince Kwadwo Ankrah, Daniel Ankuyi, Fred Appiah, Anthony Appiah, Patrick Appiah, Sylvia Kyerewaa Asiamah, Maxwell Toah Asiedu, Prince Ayerakwa, Margaret Frimpong Boansi, David Busia, Joseph Oppong Edeafour, Patrick Padlass Hyde-Cooper, Wilhemina Jones, Ebenezer Osei Mensah, Emmanuel Anobir Mensah, Jonathan Mensah, Winnefred Mohammed, Rubaba Narh, Esther Nimoh, Fred Ntem, Supernatural Obeng Agyei, Rebecca Okorley, Ernest Laryea Osei, Collins Osei, Collins Kwabena Prah, Stephen Quaye, Jonathan Rakotomarolahy, Patrick Sarfo, Derrick Kwadwo Sharma, Rakesh Somed, Kassim Tham-Agyekum, Enoch Kwame Tierku, Albert Kuuzaa