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All Journal Journal of Tropical Soils Journal of Regional and City Planning Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) Jurnal Risalah Kebijakan Pertanian dan Lingkungan Jurnal Pusat Inovasi Masyarakat
Hermanu Widjaja, Hermanu
Department Of Soil Science And Land Resources, Faculty Of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University. Jln Meranti, Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Social Sciences Transportation

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Journal : Journal of Tropical Soils

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From Rice to Oil Palm: The Historical Evolution of Peatland Reclamation in the Berbak Delta, Indonesia Widjaja, Hermanu
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 30 No. 3: September 2025 (in Progress)
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

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Abstract

The Berbak Delta in Jambi Province, Indonesia, underwent large-scale peatland reclamation in the 1970s to develop rice fields through a transmigration program. Initially, rice production averaged 3–4 tons/ha but declined to less than 1 ton/ha due to the conversion of peat soils into acid sulfate soils. This decline was attributed to soil acidification resulting from pyrite oxidation, leading to a decrease in soil pH. Currently, rice cultivation persists in areas near rivers influenced by tidal brackish water. In response to declining yields, a technological package for acid sulfate soil management, including canal water management, pH improvement, and fertilizer application, was introduced. This increased rice yields to over 5 tons/ha in a 100-ha pilot project in 2005. However, by 2008, farmers began shifting to oil palm plantations due to higher income potential. This study examines the land-use change from rice fields to oil palm plantations and its impact on the livelihoods of the Berbak Delta communities. Land cover change analysis from 2013 to 2023 revealed a decrease in rice fields from 58.30% to 25.79% and an increase in oil palm plantations from 15.37% to 55.70%. Oil palm cultivation has demonstrated sustainability on reclaimed acid sulfate soils, leading to economic prosperity through improved infrastructure, housing, and increased private vehicle ownership.
Co-Authors Akhmad Mediranto Akmal Maulana, Muhammad Annisa Nur Hidayah Brilianza Azharul Mujahidin Diah Nailussaada Dyah Tjahyandari Suryaningtyas Elysia, Laili Fifi Fata'tiatul Hidayah Khursatul Munibah Kurniawan, Muhammad Fabio Rayhan Lailatul Qodriyah Agne Verawati Marfuah Marfuah Oktariani, Putri Putri, Aulya Putri, Cindy Yuliani Randrikasari , Octaviana Salamah, Eneng Lulu Septiawati, Indah Zahra Suwardi Suwardi Tiara Tiara Widiatmaka Yulisa Alfiani Yuwendri, Dhanny Fadillah Rafiuh Drajad Zulmi, Fathiah Zahrani