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Investigating lower secondary school students’ geometric argumentation structure using Toulmin model Ramandani, M. Rizky; Hartono, Yusuf; Hiltrimartin, Cecil; Aisyah, Nyimas
Jurnal Elemen Vol 10 No 2 (2024): May
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/jel.v10i2.24116

Abstract

Geometric argumentation has an important role in solving mathematical problems in geometric material, so students must have this ability. Each student has different thoughts, including when stating arguments. Each student's arguments will vary and be at different levels. This study aims to determine the levels of lower secondary school students' geometric argumentation. This research was conducted in a lower secondary school involving 20 ninth-grade students. Students participating in this study were asked to work on geometry problems related to proof. Through the proofs carried out, the argumentation structure owned by students is visible. The structures of argumentation given by the students were then analysed using Toulmin's model of argumentation.  The components of the Toulmin model used consist of claim, data, warrant, and backing.  The results of the analysis of the proof prepared by the students stated that some of the students have been able to reach a high level of geometric argumentation and can compile a series of proofs. But not a few of them also have difficulty compiling the proof, have difficulty providing the components of the Toulmin model, and make some mistakes. Errors made by students include symbol writing errors, calculation errors, and others.
PENGARUH KEHALUSAN FLY ASH TERHADAP SUBTITUSI SEMEN PCC PADA BETON SCC (SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE) Ramandani, M. Rizky; Firdaus, Firdaus
Rang Teknik Journal Vol 9, No 2 (2026): Vol. 9 No. 2 Juni 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31869/rtj.v9i2.7903

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of the fineness and percentage of fly ash as a partial substitute for cement on the mechanical properties of Self Compacting Concrete (SCC). Fly ash from PT. Pupuk Sriwidjaja was classified into three fineness zones (Zone 1, 2, and 3) and used as a cement substitute at varying percentages of 5%, 10%, and 15%. The research method employed was an experimental laboratory study involving tests for compressive strength (7, 14, 28 days), split tensile strength (28 days), and modulus of elasticity (28 days). The results indicated that the addition of fly ash improved the workability of fresh concrete, as shown by the slump flow values that met the EFNARC specifications. At 28 days, the compressive strength of the concrete increased with the higher percentage and fineness of fly ash, with the highest value of 44.18 MPa achieved in the mix with 15% Zone 3 fly ash, surpassing the normal concrete (40.05 MPa). Conversely, the split tensile strength of the concrete decreased significantly across all fly ash variations. The modulus of elasticity increased with fly ash usage up to 10%, reaching a peak value of 31,176.27 MPa, but decreased at the 15% substitution level. In conclusion, the fineness and percentage of fly ash significantly influence the mechanical properties of SCC. Fly ash with higher fineness (Zone 3) and at specific percentages (10-15%) can enhance compressive strength and modulus of elasticity, although it reduces split tensile strength. The use of 10% Zone 3 fly ash provides the optimal results for improving the stiffness and compressive strength of SCC.Keywords: Self Compacting Concrete (SCC), Fly Ash, Fineness, Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength, Modulus of Elasticity