Tujuan penelitian menganalisis efektivitas penerapan sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku tindak pidana kekerasan seksual terhadap anak di Kota Makassar Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Efektivitas penerapan sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku tindak pidana kekerasan seksual pada anak masih kurang efektif dan dipengaruhi berbagai faktor diantaranya subtansi hukum, penegak hukum, sarana/fasilitas, masyarakat, dan kebudayaan. (2) Cara mengatasi dan mengurangi kasus tindak pidana kekerasan seksual pada anak, yaitu memberikan perlindungan kepada anak sebagai korban tindak pidana kekerasan seksual; mengevaluasi pemberlakuan sanksi kebiri kepada pelaku tindak pidana kekerasan seksual terhadap anak; secara rutin memberikan penyuluhan hukum sebagai tindakan preventif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kepekaan hukum masyarakat; dan meningkatkan kerjasama terpadu antara lembaga penegak hukum. The research objective is to analyze the effectiveness of the application of criminal sanctions against perpetrators of criminal acts of sexual violence against children in Makassar City. The research results show that: (1) The effectiveness of the application of criminal sanctions against perpetrators of criminal acts of sexual violence against children is still less effective and is influenced by various factors including the substance of the law, enforcement law, facilities/facilities, society and culture. (2) How to overcome and reduce cases of criminal acts of sexual violence against children, namely protecting children as victims of criminal acts of sexual violence; evaluate the implementation of castration sanctions for perpetrators of criminal acts of sexual violence against children; routinely provide legal counselling as a preventive measure to increase the community's legal knowledge and sensitivity; and increasing integrated cooperation between law enforcement agencies.