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A Comparative Study on Women Perception and Condition In the Event of Natural Disaster and Migration: A Qualitative Study from Sindh – Pakistan Flood 2010 Memon, Rizwan Ali
Journal of Governance Risk Management Compliance and Sustainability Vol. 1 No. 1 (2021): April Volume
Publisher : Center for Risk Management & Sustainability and RSF Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (391.008 KB) | DOI: 10.31098/jgrcs.v1i1.508

Abstract

In this study, we want to compare previous and current perception and condition of migrant’s women after completing ten years of emigrant at their new residential. In province of Sindh, district Jamshoro tehsil Kotri our samples, the migrant’s families from Jacobabad, Shikarpur, Kashmore-Kandhkot, Qamber-Shahdadkot and Dadu districts were migrating to adjacent areas of Kotri during 2010 due to flood. Many of them returned back to their area when recovered but a significant number from them are permanently settled in adjacent areas of Kotri. Comparing their perception and condition, we use a new technique of comparative twin questions with conceded closed and open-ended characteristics, and a qualitatively 94 migrants’ women were interviewed. Results reveal high populated families are more motivated about their employment and health concerns and these facilities force them to settle permanently. Further study divulges that participation of migrants’ women in socio-eco and domestic decision-making process was recorded unchanged, due to resemblance of their previous and current life standards. Our results recommend that the state intervention for the purpose migrant’s processing of Passports, Computer National Identity Cards (CNICs), and issuance of Domicile and Permanent Residence Certificates (PRCs) from their current residential addresses. Their job of nature changed from agriculture to industrial that ultimately knocking the door of long-term opportunities. Hence, government should make friendly policies to facilitate migrants’ families, which is essential for development of any society.
Evaluation of Strength Characteristics of Cement-Stabilized Rammed-Earth Material Sahito, Abdul Munim; Memon, Rizwan Ali; Kumar, Aneel; Bhanbhro, Riaz
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 7 (2025): July
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-07-09

Abstract

The traditional method of rammed-earth construction is seeing a resurgence because of its minimal environmental impact and sustainability. Numerous elements, including soil composition, compaction procedure, stabilization methods, moisture content, and ambient conditions, affect the properties of rammed-earth materials. This research work aims to investigate the strength characteristics of cement-stabilized rammed-earth material. The strength characteristics involve compressive strength and splitting tensile strength. There are four soil types involved in the casting of cement-stabilized rammed-earth, i.e., 0C100S, 10C90S, 20C80S, and 30C70S. The moisture contents used are based on the OMC of Thar Desert sand, i.e., 11.5%, 12.5%, and 13.5%. While the cement contents used are, i.e., 5%, 10%, and 15%. The number of specimens cast is equal to 216. The results of compressive strength and splitting tensile strength tests conclude that strength increases with the increase in cement content; however, the increase in moisture content decreases the magnitude of compressive strength and splitting tensile strength. The increase in clay content up to 20% increases the compressive strength; a further increase in clay content, i.e., 30%, results in a reduction of compressive strength. The splitting tensile strength increases with the increase in clay content. The maximum compressive strength equal to 13.43 MPa is achieved in the specimen, i.e., 20C80S15c, with minimum moisture content used, i.e., OMC-1% (or 11.50%). While the maximum splitting tensile strength achieved is 6.68 MPa of the specimen, i.e., 30C70S15c, with a moisture content of 11.50%.