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All Journal Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Yousif, Ahmed Ibrahim Alrashid
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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The Application of Botanical Pesticides to Control Fusarium Wilt on Asparagus Beans Adiwena, Muh.; Murtilaksono, Aditya; Ngau, Mikael; Rachmadaniar, Rachmadaniar; Egra, Saat; Pradana, Ankardiansyah Pandu; Yousif, Ahmed Ibrahim Alrashid
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v8i1.190

Abstract

Triggered by a fungus of the genus Fusarium, wilting prevails in various horticultural crops in Indonesia. In asparagus beans, this pathogen can lead to decreased production. One eco-friendly controlling measure is the application of botanical pesticides made from betel leaves and neem leaves which have been extensively used to control various pathogenic fungi.  This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of plant-based pesticides made from neem and betel leaves in controlling Fusarium wilt in asparagus beans. This research was run for approximately six months, initiated at the Laboratory of Plant Protection in Universitas Borneo Tarakan, and ended in the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture. It involved Fusarium propagation, preparation of planting media, planting asparagus beans, infecting Fusarium, and producing as well as applying botanical pesticides. It employed a one-factor randomized block design with 5 treatments, control (P0), 5% neem leaf extract per plant (P1), 10% neem leaf extract per plant (P2), 5% betel leaf extract per plant (P3) and 10% betel leaf extract per plant (P4). The covariance analysis results showed that the treatment did nothave a significant effect on the number of affected branches, the number of pods and pod weight. Even so, it can be concluded that P2 can reduce wilted branches by up to 48%, with the same concentration, and P4 can reduce wilted branches by up to 52%. In terms of the total number and the total weight of the pods, P4 achieved the best results with 77 pods, weighing 3,272 grams.
Antifungal Activity of Rice Husk-Derived Liquid Smoke: Growth Suppression of Rhizoctonia solani and Bioactive Compound Profiling Pradana, Ankardiansyah Pandu; Damayanti, Deril Indana; Adiwena, Muh; Yousif, Ahmed Ibrahim Alrashid; Putri, Diana
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 40, No 3 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v40i3.95289

Abstract

Sheath blight poses a major challenge in rice cultivation, with current control methods relying heavily on synthetic fungicides. Environmentally sustainable alternatives, such as bioactive compounds derived from agricultural waste, offer promising potential for integrated disease management. This study investigated the antifungal efficacy of rice husk-derived liquid smoke against Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of rice sheath blight, and identified its active compounds using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Liquid smoke was produced through the pyrolysis of rice husks and incorporated into potato dextrose agar at concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% (v/v). R. solani was isolated from infected rice plants, and its pathogenicity was confirmed on rice seeds and seedlings. The in vitro antifungal activity was assessed by measuring colony diameter and calculating the percentage of mycelial growth inhibition over 7 days. The results demonstrated that liquid smoke significantly inhibited the growth of R. solani in a concentration-dependent manner (p < 0.001; exact p = 4.36 × 10-²⁴), with the 5% concentration achieving 100% inhibition. Qualitative microscopic observations revealed morphological abnormalities in fungal hyphae at higher concentrations. GC-MS analysis identified 40 bioactive compounds in the liquid smoke, including phenolic compounds and organic acids, which are known for their antimicrobial properties. The findings suggest that rice husk-derived liquid smoke possesses potent antifungal activity against R. solani due to the presence of these compounds. This study concludes that rice husk liquid smoke can serve as an effective, eco-friendly alternative to synthetic fungicides for controlling sheath blight disease in rice cultivation.
Co-Authors ADITYA MURTILAKSONO Adiwena, Muh Adiwena, Muh. Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana Damayanti, Deril Indana Diana Putri Egra, Saat Ngau, Mikael Rachmadaniar, Rachmadaniar