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Antioxidant and Antiglycation Activity of Rhizosphere and Endophytic Actinobacteria of Xylocarpus granatum Ariansyah, Alifian; Batubara, Irmanida; Lestari, Yulin; Egra, Saat
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Utilization of endophytic bacteria such as actinobacteria is one of the alternatives to obtain the bioactive compounds similar to the host plant. This study aimed to identify compounds produced by rhizosphere and endophytic actinobacteria isolated from Xylocarpus granatum for their antioxidant and antiglycation activity. Actinobacterial culture supernatant was extracted using ethyl acetate with a ratio of 1:1 (v/v). Antioxidant activity was performed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Whole TLC-bioautography and phytochemical tests were used to predict the group of active compounds. Antiglycation activity was identified based on the ability to inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Fifteen actinobacterial isolates had been isolated from rhizosphere (ten isolates), fruit (two isolates), and leaf (two isolates) of X. granatum. All isolates had been tested for their antioxidant and antiglycation activity. Isolate XR2 had the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 1719.26 mg/L. Meanwhile, the highest antiglycation activity was obtained from isolate XR8 with IC50 value of 327.62 mg/L. This study informs that actinobacteria also live in the fruit, leaves and rhizosphere of X. granatum. The existence of rhizosphere and endophytic actinobacteria from X. granatum and their antioxidant and antiglycation activities contributes to the understanding of their diversity and potency as an antioxidant and antiglycation agent.

POTENSI EKSTRAK KARAMUNTING (MELASTOMA MALABATHRICUM L.) SEBAGAI INSEKTISIDA NABATI UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN ULAT GRAYAK (SPODOPTERA LITURA F.) Kartina, Kartina; Shulkipli, Shulkipli; Mardhiana, Mardhiana; Egra, Saat
Agrotekma: Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 1 (2019): Agrotekma: Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Ilmu Pertanian, Desember
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Spodoptera litura F. is one of the important pests in Horticulture commodities which can cause damage 80% and up to 100%. Karamunting (Melastome malabathricum) is a wild plant that grows in Tarakan City. This plant is known to contain secondary metabolites which are thought to have the potential to control pests. This study aims to determine the potential of Karamunting extract as a botanical insecticide material to control armyworms. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) method with 1 treatment factor, namely the concentration of Karamunting leaf extract. Potential extracts as botanical insecticides were tested by dye method using 4 concentrations, namely 0 (control); 500; 1000; 2000; 4000; and 8000 ppm. The results showed that Karamunting leaf extract was able to control armyworm pests. Giving extracts of 8000 ppm (P5) in feed caused the highest decrease in eating activity up to 41,2%, larval mortality up to 85%, and the highest mortality rate after 7 days of observation. Decreased feeding activity and larval mortality were thought to be influenced by the presence of phenol compounds, fatty acids, terpenoids, sterols and alkaloids identified in the extract. Thus, Karamunting leaf extract has the potential to be developed as an active ingredient in botanical insecticides to control armyworm.

TYROSINASE INHIBITION, ANTIGLYCATION, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF XYLOCARPUS GRANATUM Batubara, Irmanida; Mustofa, Maily; Wahyuni, Wulan Tri; Tilaar, Kilala; Nurcholis, Waras; Junardy, Fransiska Devy; Priyadi, Yogo Suro; Subroto, Erna; Egra, Saat; Zamany, Nevianti
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Xylocarpus granatum is mangrove plant that traditionally used as face powder in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia which related to antioxidant, antiglycation and tyrosinase inhibition activities. This study aimed to evaluate the potency of X. granatum as a tyrosinase inhibitor, antiglycation, and antioxidant. The leaves, stem, stem bark, fruit flesh, fruit peel, and kernel of X. granatum were extracted using ethanol then their tyrosinase inhibition, antiglycation, and antioxidant were evaluated. Tyrosinase inhibition activity was evaluated using in vitro assay with L-tyrosine and L-DOPA as the substrate of monophenolase and diphenolase. Antiglycation activity was studied by measuring the excitation and emission fluorescence from glucose and fructose reaction with Bovine Serum Albumin. Antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The result showed that the ethanolic extract of fruit flesh has higher potency as tyrosinase inhibitor (IC50 of 393.8 mg/L and IC50 of 448 mg/L, respectively for monophenolase and diphenolase). Antiglycation assay showed that the ethanolic extract of stem bark provides the strongest antiglycation activity with an IC50 of 118.1 mg/L. Meanwhile, fruit peel provides the strongest antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 5.5 mg/L. Fractionation of ethanolic extracts of each part of X. granatum tree yield fractions with lower bioactivity compared to the crude extract. Moreover, stem extract and fractions from two different locations (Tarakan and Kendari) tend to have different bioactivities strengths. The stem part of X granatum could be developed as new raw material of cosmetic product in Indonesia, while ethanol as the solvent for extraction, and the different bioactivity of stem extract from different location can be the consideration for the industry to standardize the extract prior to production of final product.

Potensi Ekstrak Karamunting (Melastoma malabathricum L.) sebagai Insektisida Nabati untuk Mengendalikan Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura F.) Kartina, Kartina; Shulkipli, Shulkipli; Mardhiana, Mardhiana; Egra, Saat
Agrotekma: Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 1 (2019): Agrotekma: Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Ilmu Pertanian, Desember
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/agr.v4i1.2806

Spodoptera litura F. is one of the important pests in Horticulture commodities which can cause damage 80% and up to 100%. Karamunting (Melastome malabathricum) is a wild plant that grows in Tarakan City. This plant is known to contain secondary metabolites which are thought to have the potential to control pests. This study aims to determine the potential of Karamunting extract as a botanical insecticide material to control armyworms. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) method with 1 treatment factor, namely the concentration of Karamunting leaf extract. Potential extracts as botanical insecticides were tested by dye method using 4 concentrations, namely 0 (control); 500; 1000; 2000; 4000; and 8000 ppm. The results showed that Karamunting leaf extract was able to control armyworm pests. Giving extracts of 8000 ppm (P5) in feed caused the highest decrease in eating activity up to 41,2%, larval mortality up to 85%, and the highest mortality rate after 7 days of observation. Decreased feeding activity and larval mortality were thought to be influenced by the presence of phenol compounds, fatty acids, terpenoids, sterols and alkaloids identified in the extract. Thus, Karamunting leaf extract has the potential to be developed as an active ingredient in botanical insecticides to control armyworm.

Smallholding farmers wellbeing in ecosystem services area of high food provider in border area of Indonesia Wahyuni, Etty; Sutrisno, Adi; Santoso, Dwi; Egra, Saat
JOURNAL OF SOCIOECONOMICS AND DEVELOPMENT Vol 6 No 2 (2023): October
Publisher : Publisher of Widyagama University of Malang (UWG Press)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31328/jsed.v6i2.4838

The utilization of wetland areas poses a threat to the wetland ecosystemsâ€™s vitality. The Kayan Sembakung Delta in North Kalimantan Province is one of the wetland ecosystems that is widely used by humans for various activities, raising concenrs about its sustainability. This study aims to assess the areaâ€™s carrying capacity and environmental capacity as well as the level of welfare of small farmers. The research was conducted in March-June 2020 in Tanjung Buka Village, Tanjung Palas Tengah District, Bulungan Regency, which is part of the Kayan Sembakung Delta area. The study employed an analysis of the carrying capacity of the environment as well as an analysis of the poverty and welfare assessment of farmer households using the Nested Sphere of Poverty (NESP) approach. The results showed that Tanjung Buka Village has an area with a high carrying capacity and environmental capacity as a food provider covering an area of 61,352.12 ha. Small farmers experience subjective and objective welfare in the moderate category. Increasing the welfare of small-scale farmers can be done through efforts such as repairing houses below proper standards, meeting food needs, increasing consumption of protein (meat, eggs, fish), providing clean water, diversifying income sources, ease of access to food. sources of employment, promoting conservation of wood and plant species, securingÂ land tenure, complying with local regulations, and improving infrastructureÂ JEL ClassificationÂ A13; B40; B55

The Application of Botanical Pesticides to Control Fusarium Wilt on Asparagus Beans Adiwena, Muh.; Murtilaksono, Aditya; Ngau, Mikael; Rachmadaniar, Rachmadaniar; Egra, Saat; Pradana, Ankardiansyah Pandu; Yousif, Ahmed Ibrahim Alrashid
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v8i1.190

Triggered by a fungus of the genus Fusarium, wilting prevails in various horticultural crops in Indonesia. In asparagus beans, this pathogen can lead to decreased production. One eco-friendly controlling measure is the application of botanical pesticides made from betel leaves and neem leaves which have been extensively used to control various pathogenic fungi. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of plant-based pesticides made from neem and betel leaves in controlling Fusarium wilt in asparagus beans. This research was run for approximately six months, initiated at the Laboratory of Plant Protection in Universitas Borneo Tarakan, and ended in the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture. It involved Fusarium propagation, preparation of planting media, planting asparagus beans, infecting Fusarium, and producing as well as applying botanical pesticides. It employed a one-factor randomized block design with 5 treatments, control (P0), 5% neem leaf extract per plant (P1), 10% neem leaf extract per plant (P2), 5% betel leaf extract per plant (P3) and 10% betel leaf extract per plant (P4). The covariance analysis results showed that the treatment did nothave a significant effect on the number of affected branches, the number of pods and pod weight. Even so, it can be concluded that P2 can reduce wilted branches by up to 48%, with the same concentration, and P4 can reduce wilted branches by up to 52%. In terms of the total number and the total weight of the pods, P4 achieved the best results with 77 pods, weighing 3,272 grams.

Aktivitas Antimikroba Tanaman Paku (Stenochlaena palustris dan Pteridium caudatum) Terhadap Bakteri (Ralstonia solanacearum dan Streptococcus sobrinus) Egra, Saat; -, Mardhiana; Patriawan, Randy; -, Kartina; Sirait, Sudirman; Kuspradini, Harlinda
Jurnal Jamu Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Jamu Indonesia
Publisher : Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jji.v4i1.93

Tanaman paku merupakan tanaman yang tumbuh subur dan liar di wilayah tropis, kehadirannya dalam dunia pertanian sebagai gulma, namun di sisi lain juga bermanfaat sebagai tanaman obat (hortikultur). Kehadiran tanaman paku sebagai obat diharapkan menjadi alternative bahan baru dalam pengobatan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman, Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Borneo Tarakan. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu ekstrak daun S. Palustris dan P. Caudatum dengan konsentrasi 2%, 1% dan 0,5%. kontrol positif pada penelitian ini yaitu chloramphenicol dan kontrol negatif etanol 40%. Variabel yang diamati adalah perhitungan faktor kelembaban, persentase rendemen dan persentase diameter daerah hambatan (DDH). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen ekstrak P. Caudatum 2,5% sedangkan S. Palustris 1.6%. Selain itu hasil DDH menampilkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun S. palustris dan P. caudatum pada konsentrasi 0.5%, 1% dan 2% tidak mampu menghambat pertumbuhan R. Solanacearum, tetapi mampu menghambat S. sobrinus dengan diameter tertinggi yaitu 13.7 mm pada konsentrasi 2%. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan menggunakan pelarut bertingkat pada proses ekstraksi untuk mengetahui golongan polaritas senyawa yang berpengaruh terhadapa aktifitas penghambatan bakteri.

Pemanfaatan buah mangrove (Sonneratia alba) menjadi sirup sebagai sumber antioksidan Egra, Saat; Santoso, Dwi; Mulyadi, Mulyadi; Wahyuni, Etty; Sulistyo, Anang
SELAPARANG: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan Vol 8, No 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jpmb.v8i1.19337

Abstrak Sonneratia alba memiliki buah yang cukup besar dan memiliki rasa masam. Masyarakat sekitar Desa Sengkong biasa memanfaatkannya sebagai bahan tambahan masak ikan kuning. Ketersediaan buah yang berlimpah di desa ini mendorong tim PKM untuk memanfaatkan buah tersebut untuk diolah menjadi minuman yang mengandung antioksidan. Buah bakau atau prepat/pedada memiliki kandungan flavonoid yang baik untuk penangkal radikal bebas didalam tubuh, selain itu kandungan ini juga bermanfaat untuk membunuh bakteri yang ada pada tubuh. Setelah masyarakat diberikan informasi tentang manfaat dari buah prepat, maka tumbuh kesadaran masyarakat Desa Sengkong untuk mulai memanfaatkan dalam membuat produk turunannya. Mulai dari sirup, sabun, dodol dan lain sebagainya. Produk sekunder ini akan memudahkan masyarakat mengkonsumsinya dalam varian rasa dan tekstur. Selain itu juga bisa menambah pendapatan rumah tangga karena telah lahir UMKM baru dalam bidang olah produk pertanian. Kata Kunci: buah; mangrove; sirup; sonneratia alba; antioksidan AbstractSonneratia alba has a fairly large fruit and a sour taste. People around Sengkong village usually use it as an additional ingredient for cooking yellow fish. The abundant availability of fruit in this village encouraged the PKM team to use the fruit to be processed into a drink that contains antioxidants. Mangrove fruit, or prepat/pedada, contains flavonoids that are good for counteracting free radicals in the body. Besides that, this content is also useful for killing bacteria in the body. After the community was given information about the benefits of prepat fruit, the awareness of the people of Sengkong village grew, and they started utilizing it in making derivative products. Starting with syrup, soap, dodol, and so on. These secondary products will make it easier for people to consume them in a variety of flavors and textures. In addition, it can also increase household income because new UMKM have been born in the field of processing agricultural products. Keywords: fruit; mangrove; syrup; sonneratia alba; antioxidant

Pengaruh Perlakuan Penggaraman Terhadap Sifat Fisikokimia Kimchi Mentimun Nurjannah, Nurjannah; Chairiyah, Nurul; egra, saat; Ismandari, Titik; Pudjiwaty, Eko Hary; Hasriyuni, Hasriyuni
Jurnal Teknologi Pengolahan Pertanian Vol 7, No 2 (2025): Jurnal Teknologi Pengolahan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Teuku Umar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35308/jtpp.v7i2.11892

Kimchi is an agricultural product made form fermented vegetables. Kimchi can be made with various types of vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, green mustard greens, cabbage, cucumber, radish and various other vegetables. Currently, kimchi is not only popular in Korea but also in other countries, including Indonesia. It is because kimchi contained high health benefits so that increasingly popular among Indonesian people. Fermentation gives kimchi its unique taste and texture. Tasted of kimchi dominated by acid which is lactic acid from fermentation by Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). Produced lactic acid can lower the pH and increase the sour taste. The lactic acid fermentation process will be perfect if the factors that influence the growth of lactic acid bacteria can be properly controlled. Factors that influence lactic acid bacteria growth are fermentation temperature, salt levels and the presence of nutrients. Determining the quality of kimchi is based on taste, nutritional value and food safety. Determination of organoleptic values was carried out by untrained respondents. Determination of nutritional value is carried out by chemical content analysis in the laboratory. The fermentation process is strongly influenced by the environment and growth substrate. Therefore, sometimes kimchi that made with the same ingredients can produce different tastes and qualities. In determining the right quality of kimchi, various tests are needed based on existing standards. These standards cover physical, chemical and organoleptic properties. From research it is known that the type of salt has an influence on water content values (25, 390), vitamin C levels (12,725), and lactic acid (28, 21246). The use of fine salt causes the water content and vitamin C values to be low. A higher salt concentration causes the salt, vitamin C and lactic acid levels to be higher as well. Meanwhile, based on organoleptic tests, the kimchi in the K4G1 treatment was the kimchi most liked by the panelists

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