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All Journal Jurnal Jaring SainTek Journal of Earth Energy Science, Engineering, and Technology
Citrowati, Sekar Ayu
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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Classification of Rock Types Using Machine Learning Efrata, Marojahan Benedict; Spalanzani, Widya; Citrowati, Sekar Ayu
Jurnal Jaring SainTek Vol. 6 No. 2 (204): Oktober 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/2hfrbw48

Abstract

Determining the petrophysical rock type often excludes measured multiphase flow properties, such as relative permeability curves. This is due to limitations in SCAL experiments or difficulties in correlating relative permeability characteristics with standard rock types. However, with a significant number of relative permeability curves, Machine Learning methods can be applied to automatically and objectively classify rock types based on the shape of these curves. This approach combines principal component analysis with unsupervised clustering schemes and preprocesses relative permeability curve data by integrating irreducible water saturation and residual oil. The methodology was tested on real data from carbonate reservoirs with a substantial number of relative permeability curves, demonstrating successful clustering based on fractional flow curves. The results indicate that this clustering can classify rocks from poor to optimal displacement efficiency. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of high-quality SCAL experiments for normalizing curves and ensuring consistency between capillary pressure measurements and relative permeability. This Machine Learning approach is also compared with capillary pressure analysis, showing that relative permeability data provides additional information in rock typing studies, affirming the feasibility of Machine Learning for automatic rock type classification.
Optimalisasi Lereng Produksi Quarry Batugamping J dengan Metode Limit Equilibrium Citrowati, Sekar Ayu; Febri, Kevin; Efrata, Marojahan Benedict Efrata; Spalanzani, Widya
Jurnal Jaring SainTek Vol. 6 No. 2 (204): Oktober 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/cvfkv256

Abstract

Penambangan batugamping di Indonesia umumnya dilakukan pada morfologi conical hill, akibatnya penambangan dapat mengalami longsor sehingga perlu dilakukannya analisis kestabilan lereng. Tujuan penelitian adalah memberikan rekomendasi kelerengan pada penambangan batugamping menggunakan Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) dan kinematika lereng quarry “J”. Terdapat struktur geologi right slip fault pada daerah dominan satuan batugamping. Hasil analisis LEM dilakukan dengan skenario pada kemiringan lereng aktual (41°), landai (30°), dan terjal (60°). Nilai faktor keamanan lereng aktual sebesar 393.656 menggunakan metode Fellenius yang termasuk dalam kategori lereng stabil, hal ini wajar dikarenakan nilai properti material (UCS, kohesi, dan phi) batugamping yang tinggi. Hasil analisis kinematika menunjukkan dapat terjadinya dua potensi longsor yaitu wedge dan toppling akibat keberadaan struktur geologi pada lereng. Tipe wedge menunjukkan nilai critical percentage kelongsoran sebesar 1,3%  pada slope aktual, apabila slope diterjalkan, nilai critical percentage kelongsoran meningkat pada slope 54°-58° sebesar 3,4-6%. Sedangkan tipe toppling menunjukkan nilai critical percentage kelongsoran sebesar 0% pada slope aktual, apabila slope diterjalkan, nilai critical percentage kelongsoran meningkat pada slope 58°-60° sebesar 2,2-3%. Berdasarkan hasil kedua metode, direkomendasikan slope lereng penambangan diterjalkan sampai 60o sehingga produksi penambangan batugamping meningkat sesuai dengan faktor keamanan dan kestabilitas lerengnya
Integration of Empirical Methods for Accurate Water Saturation Calculation in Low Resistivity Reservoir Citrowati, Sekar Ayu; Dedy Irawan; Pahala Dominicus Sinurat
Journal of Earth Energy Science, Engineering, and Technology Vol. 7 No. 3 (2024): JEESET VOL. 7 NO. 3 2024
Publisher : Penerbitan Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/6qfar389

Abstract

The Indonesian oil and gas industry faces significant challenges in exploring low-resistivity reservoirs, such as the Talang Akar Formation in South Sumatra, the Tanjung Formation in East Kalimantan, and the Gumai Formation in South Sumatra and West Java. These reservoirs often contain clay, clayey sand, and conductive minerals, which complicate geophysical log interpretation, leading to missed hydrocarbon potential. Common methods such as Archie’s Law are often used to calculate water saturation but tend to be inaccurate in formations with high conductivity due to clay content. The Simandoux method attempts to address this limitation by considering the conductivity of clay, but the assumption of homogeneous clay distribution often does not match actual conditions. This study proposes a modification to the Simandoux method by accounting for the non-linear behavior of clay conductivity and formation-specific parameters derived from core analysis. This approach integrates multi-parameter log data and advanced petrophysical models to address mineralogical heterogeneity and clay distribution. The results show that the modified Simandoux method provides more accurate water saturation estimates in low-resistivity zones. Validation with core and production data demonstrates the improved reliability of this model, supporting optimal field development and hydrocarbon exploration in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Dedy Irawan Efrata, Marojahan Benedict Efrata, Marojahan Benedict Efrata Febri, Kevin Pahala Dominicus Sinurat Spalanzani, Widya