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Towards a Circular Blue Economy in the Global South: Potentials and Challenges in Kiribati Ketaren, Emma Seruni; Andi Faradilla Ayu Lestari
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 8 No 1 (2023): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v8i1.10941

Countries with large ocean areas tend to rely on aquaculture products to drive their economy, such as Kiribati which relies heavily on the fisheries sector because its ocean area is significantly larger than its land area. To claim that the sea is Kiribati's only hope for its economy is not an exaggeration given how much aquaculture products contribute to its national income. Unfortunately, Kiribati's heavy reliance on the fisheries sector is not balanced with an adequate management framework and this condition is increasingly exacerbated by climate change and over-exploitation of marine resources, which are posing serious threats to Kiribati's economy. Using descriptive qualitative methods, this research aims to identify sectors with potential as new economic sources and challenges for the development of a blue circular economy in Kiribati. The findings of this research will reveal that Kiribati has several sectors that can be utilized in the implementation of a circular blue economy. However, numerous challenges prevent these sectors from reaching their full potential. Furthermore, this research will aim to formulate policy recommendations to maximize Kiribati's circular blue economy potentials.

Pathways of Continuity: Indonesia’s Role in Southeast Asia’s Refugee Governance Prabandari, Atin; Ketaren, Emma Seruni; Segara, Balya Arung
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 12 No 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2025.12.2.17940

This article interrogates the enduring character of non-binding, sovereignty-centric refugee governance across Southeast Asia by analyzing the role of Indonesia within two principal displacement episodes: the Indochinese refugee crisis (1975–1996) and the ongoing Rohingya crisis. Applying the analytical lens of historical institutionalism and foregrounding the notion of path dependency, the account demonstrates how operational norms forged under the Comprehensive Plan of Action—including temporary humanitarian shelter, conditional burden redistribution, and the construal of displacement as a temporary aberration—have resurfaced in Indonesia’s present-day posture. Archival records, policy tracts, and a selective review of the secondary literature furnish a reconstruction of Jakarta’s stewardship of the Galang Island camp and an assessment of its recent practices toward the Rohingya, encompassing semi-offshore rescues and deference to international humanitarian actors. The inquiry substantiates profound institutional and normative continuities that circumscribe Indonesia’s capacity and readiness to construct durable, rights-respecting protection frameworks, notwithstanding a shifting geopolitical and humanitarian tableau. By embedding Indonesia’s trajectory within the regional governance matrix, the study illuminates historical legacies that continue to inform Southeast Asian refugee policy and underscores the constraints afflicting reactive, episodic cooperation in the face of protracted displacement. Keywords: Indochinese refugee, Indonesia, refugee crisis, refugee governance, Rohingya refugee, Southeast Asia

Indonesia and ASEAN’s Refugee Deadlock: Between Regional Commitments and National Sovereignty Prabandari, Atin; Ketaren, Emma Seruni; Segara, Balya Arung
Indonesian Perspective Vol 10, No 2 (2025): (Juli-Desember 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ip.v10i2.76956

This paper critically evaluates Indonesia’s involvement with ASEAN in the governance of refugees, contextualizing this within a regional impasse associated with an enduring prioritization of national sovereignty over collective obligations to promote humanitarian response. The paper examines Indonesia’s participation in the Bali Process, its bilateral refugee management efforts and its response to the Rohingya crisis to assess whether Indonesia is a positive or negative influence on the development of a cohesive ASEAN refugee framework. The results underscore the fragmented nature of ASEAN’s approach, driven by the principles of non-interference, the securitization of migration, and the lack of binding legal obligations, that stand in the way of the development of a structured and rights-based approach to asylum. As high-profile as Indonesia has been in demonstrating humanitarian leadership in some crises, it adopts restrictive domestic asylum policies that preclude engagement in foreign policy advocacy for regional solutions. The study contends that unless the region is able to transcend sovereignty-based limitations and adopt necessary institutional reforms, ASEAN’s standing regarding refugee governance will remain compromised.

Indonesia's Contested Norms, Selective Humanitarianism and ASEAN Refugee Governance Prabandari, Atin; Segara, Balya A.; Ketaren, Emma Seruni
Nation State: Journal of International Studies Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Norm Contestation, Identity and Cultural Dynamics in Contemporary International
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Social Science, Department of International Relations, Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24076/nsjis.v8i2.2307

This article reinterprets Indonesia’s refugee governance and ASEAN’s regional approach as sites of norm contestation rather than mere institutional or capacity gaps. While the 1951 Refugee Convention promotes universal protection, Southeast Asia largely avoids fully integrating these norms. Indonesia exemplifies this paradox: it champions humanitarian diplomacy in forums like the Bali Process. It offers ad-hoc aid during crises, such as the 2015 Rohingya influx, yet it simultaneously upholds a restrictive asylum policy and remains outside key international refugee agreements. ASEAN, similarly, resists formalizing refugee protection, adhering to its core tenets of non-interference, informal regionalism, and consensus. Drawing on regionalism, securitization, and postcolonial theories, the article argues these are not failures, but deliberate political choices driven by concerns of sovereignty, security, and normative pluralism. It reveals how Southeast Asian refugee governance stems from conflicting regional identities and historical legacies, fostering a fragmented landscape where humanitarianism becomes a selective political tool. This analysis enriches critical discussions on refugee protection in the Global South and highlights the limitations of liberal humanitarian norms in diverse postcolonial contexts.

Indonesia and ASEAN’s Refugee Deadlock: Between Regional Commitments and National Sovereignty Prabandari, Atin; Ketaren, Emma Seruni; Segara, Balya Arung
Indonesian Perspective Vol 10, No 2 (2025): (Juli-Desember 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ip.v10i2.76956

This paper critically evaluates Indonesia’s involvement with ASEAN in the governance of refugees, contextualizing this within a regional impasse associated with an enduring prioritization of national sovereignty over collective obligations to promote humanitarian response. The paper examines Indonesia’s participation in the Bali Process, its bilateral refugee management efforts and its response to the Rohingya crisis to assess whether Indonesia is a positive or negative influence on the development of a cohesive ASEAN refugee framework. The results underscore the fragmented nature of ASEAN’s approach, driven by the principles of non-interference, the securitization of migration, and the lack of binding legal obligations, that stand in the way of the development of a structured and rights-based approach to asylum. As high-profile as Indonesia has been in demonstrating humanitarian leadership in some crises, it adopts restrictive domestic asylum policies that preclude engagement in foreign policy advocacy for regional solutions. The study contends that unless the region is able to transcend sovereignty-based limitations and adopt necessary institutional reforms, ASEAN’s standing regarding refugee governance will remain compromised.

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