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All Journal Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Hamza, Jamilu Bala
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Engineering Environmental Science Physics Social Sciences Other

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Evaluating Handover Processes in Mobile Networks: Effects on Latency, QoS, and User Experience Across Conditions Abdurrahman, Mubarak; Gamawa, Mansur Aliyu; Abdulkadir, Abubakar; M, Bala A.; Hamza, Jamilu Bala; Ahmed, Abubakar
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 3 No 1 (2025): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v3i1.4631

Abstract

The rapid expansion of mobile networks has revolutionized global communication, enabling seamless connectivity for a growing user base. As networks evolve, efficient handover processes—where mobile devices transition between network cells or base stations—are critical to maintaining uninterrupted service. Poorly optimized handovers can result in increased latency, degraded Quality of Service (QoS), and diminished user experience, especially in advanced networks like 5G that demand low latency and high reliability. This study examines the impact of handover processes on key performance metrics such as latency, QoS, and user satisfaction, analyzing their behavior across urban, rural, and heterogeneous technological environments. In densely populated urban areas, frequent handovers risk creating performance bottlenecks, while rural areas face challenges related to sparse infrastructure. Heterogeneous environments, where legacy and next-generation technologies coexist, further complicate efficient transitions. By identifying these challenges, the study proposes strategies to optimize handover efficiency, ensuring seamless connectivity, enhanced QoS, and reduced latency in advanced networks. These findings contribute to improving mobile communication systems, addressing the dynamic demands of 5G and beyond in diverse operational scenarios.
Development and Implementation of a Microcontroller-Based Smart Modular Aquaponic System for Sustainable Food Production Abdulkadir, Abubakar; Abdurrahman, Mubarak; Mutalib, Yusuf Ova; Hamidat, B. Y.; Hamza, Jamilu Bala
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 3 No 6 (2025): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v3i6.7627

Abstract

Aquaponics integrates aquaculture and hydroponics into a symbiotic, soil-free agricultural system that offers a sustainable solution to global food production challenges. In response to the increasing demand for environmentally sustainable and resource-efficient farming methods, this study presents the development and implementation of a microcontroller-based smart modular aquaponic system aimed at automating water quality regulation, with a focus on pH level control. Traditional aquaponic systems rely heavily on manual monitoring and adjustment of critical parameters, often leading to inefficiencies and inconsistencies. The proposed system integrates a pH sensor with a microcontroller that triggers a pumping mechanism to adjust water conditions when pH levels exceed 7.1. Experimental validation across three monitoring intervals (08:00, 14:00, and 20:00) demonstrated the system’s ability to maintain pH within the optimal range of 6.8–7.1. The findings confirm that the automated approach significantly improves operational stability, enhances water resource efficiency, and promotes environmental sustainability within aquaponic systems. Moreover, the modular configuration facilitates scalability and customization across diverse settings. This study underscores the transformative potential of automation in advancing aquaponics as a viable model for sustainable and technologically integrated food production.
Co-Authors Abdulkadir, Abubakar Abdurrahman, Mubarak Ahmed, Abubakar Gamawa, Mansur Aliyu Hamidat, B. Y. M, Bala A. Mutalib, Yusuf Ova