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All Journal World Nutrition Journal International Journal of Public Health Excellence (IJPHE)
Mohamad, Marhazlina
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Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Comparison of Positive Deviance between Normal Nutrition and Undernutrition in Children Under Five Years Old from Low-Income Families at Community Health Centres in Medan Nasution, Ramadhani Syafitri; Mat, Khairi Che; Mohamad, Marhazlina
International Journal of Public Health Excellence (IJPHE) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): June-December
Publisher : PT Inovasi Pratama Internasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55299/ijphe.v4i1.1129

Abstract

Positive deviance in low-income families is a mechanism by which individuals or groups continue to thrive or meet standards despite facing challenging conditions. One of the goals of positive deviance is to prevent child malnutrition by changing community habits about feeding, caring, hygiene, and health seeking practices. Malnutrition early in life will affect the growth and development of children and the quality of life thereafter. The study aims to compare the positive deviances between children with normal nutrition and undernutrition. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 39 public health centres in Medan, West Indonesia, where a total of 80 children (40 with normal nutrition and 40 with undernutrition) were recruited using purposive sampling. Nutritional status (normal or undernutrition) was determined using body mass index-for-age (BMI-for-age) z-scores, according to WHO reference values. Positive deviance behaviours were assessed using a validated questionnaire, and anthropometric parameters such as weight, height, BMI, and triceps skinfold were measured. Haemoglobin levels were taken as a biological measurement of the condition. The Mann-Whitney test demonstrated that the positive deviance practices of feeding, caring, hygiene, and health-seeking behaviours were significantly better among normal nourished children than undernourished children (p<0.05). Children from families with positive deviance practices have better nutritional status despite living in economically limited conditions. This indicates that family behaviours and practices can play a crucial role in enhancing children's nutritional and health status, regardless of financial or environmental constraints. Integrating positive deviance approaches alongside additional interventions could be effective in improving children's nutritional status.
Sleep quality and its association with waist circumference among undergraduate students Nwoke, Chinenyenwa Violet; Mohamad, Marhazlina
World Nutrition Journal Vol. 9 No. i1 (2025): Volume 09 Issue 1, August 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Nutrition Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25220/WNJ.V09.i1.0008

Abstract

Background: Poor sleep quality has been associated with metabolic disturbances and behavioural changes that promote obesity, with growing evidence linking inadequate sleep to increased central adiposity. Waist circumference (WC), a key indicator of abdominal fat and cardiometabolic risk, has also been implicated in disrupted sleep through mechanisms such as hormonal imbalance and sleep-disordered breathing. Exploring the relationship between WC and sleep quality among undergraduate students is important to better understand early risk factors for obesity and related health outcomes. Objective: This study aimed to examine sleep quality and its association with Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC) in an undergraduate population. Methods: A total of 277 undergraduate students from Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, Malaysia, aged 18 to 25 years, were recruited for this cross-sectional study using non-probability proportionate stratified sampling. The students were weighed, and their BMI and WC were measured. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was completed to assess sleep quality. Results: The results of the multiple linear regression analysis revealed that sleep quality did not significantly predict BMI (p>0.05). However, sleep quality significantly predicted WC (p=0.026), indicating a significant influence of sleep quality on WC. Conclusion: While sleep quality was not significantly associated with body mass index, it was significantly associated with waist circumference. These findings highlight the potential importance of promoting a consistent sleep schedule as a preventative strategy to enhance sleep quality and mitigate weight-related risks in undergraduate students.
Co-Authors Mat, Khairi Che Nasution, Ramadhani Syafitri Nwoke, Chinenyenwa Violet