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Determination of Dominant Factors Affecting Lung Cancer Patients Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Amal, Moh Alfi; Suhaimi, Nurnisaa binti Abdullah; Yasmin, Arla Aglia
International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling Vol 5, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijqrm.v5i3.747

Abstract

The diagnosis of lung cancer is one of the most pressing health issues as the disease is often only detected at an advanced stage, leading to a poor prognosis for patients. Therefore, in an effort to detect, prevent, and manage the disease more effectively, this study utilized screening variables. Screening is an important endeavor in the early detection of diseases or abnormalities that are not yet clinically apparent using various tests, examinations, or procedures. The use of screening variables is very important in the early detection process because it can help in this study to understand the risk factors and causes of disease. The purpose of this study is to determine the dominant factors affecting people with lung cancer using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Based on the results of the study, it was found that there are 20 dominant screening variables that have a considerable correlation to the formation of early detection of lung cancer with a total proportion of covariance variance of 100% when, the total variance obtained from the 20 screening variables is 100%. The final PCA results show that the factor loading values are used to determine which variables are most influential by comparing the magnitude of the correlation. As a result, the main factor causing lung cancer was Fatigue which had a factor loading of 7.87%, followed by the variables Age and Alcohol use with a factor loading of 6.02%. Other variables also showed certain factor loadings that indicated the cause of lung cancer. These findings are very important in efforts to improve early detection and management of lung cancer through more effective and targeted screening.
Exploring the Relationship between Nicotine Dependence and Triglyceride Levels among Male Smokers with Hypertension Yasmin, Arla Aglia; Pirdaus , Dede Irman; Abdul Halim , Nurfadhlina
International Journal of Health, Medicine, and Sports Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): International Journal of Health, Medicine, and Sports
Publisher : Corespub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijhms.v2i2.100

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with smoking identified as a significant risk factor. This study investigates the impact of nicotine dependence on triglyceride levels among male smokers diagnosed with hypertension. Blood samples and Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) scores were collected from 31 participants aged 30-65 years at a community health center. Triglyceride levels were analyzed alongside demographic and smoking-related variables. While age, cigarettes per day (CPD), and cigarette type showed no significant association with triglyceride levels, individuals with low nicotine dependence exhibited a trend towards higher triglyceride levels. However, this association was not statistically significant. Uncontrolled confounding variables like BMI, diet, and physical activity may have influenced the results. Further research with larger sample sizes and robust controls is necessary to clarify these relationships definitively
Development and Evaluation of Effervescent Powder Formulations Combining Red Ginger Extract and Honey Azahra, Astrid Sulistya; Prabowo, Agung; Yasmin, Arla Aglia
International Journal of Health, Medicine, and Sports Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): International Journal of Health, Medicine, and Sports
Publisher : Corespub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijhms.v2i2.101

Abstract

Effervescent powder formulations combining red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) extract and honey were developed and evaluated for their physical, chemical, and antibacterial properties. The formulations were prepared using wet granulation method, and their organoleptic properties, moisture content, flow characteristics, dispersibility, foam height, pH, and hedonic responses were assessed. Additionally, the antibacterial activity of the formulations against Streptococcus pyogenes was evaluated using agar diffusion method. The results showed that the formulations exhibited variations in color, odor, taste, and physical form, with formulation F3 containing 10% red ginger extract demonstrating the best sensory attributes. All formulations met the moisture content and flow time criteria, indicating good stability and handling properties. They also displayed rapid dispersibility and proper foam height upon dissolution. The pH values fell within the acceptable range for consumption. However, none of the formulations showed significant antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes. Further optimization may be required to enhance the formulations' antibacterial efficacy.